Directory
01 Preface
02 Causes of conflict
03 Ways to get peace: 4C
04 My thoughts
05 Conclusion
Real peace is not a suppression of public conflicts, nor is it a surface calmness in a state of tension and fragility. It is the result of being creatively handled.
We can derive our theory by the similarity between large samples and small samples.
Some social psychologists analyze people's conversations - they explore how people explain and construct events in their lives by studying the words and communication discourses written by people.
Friendship relationship is the key to successful contact.
When the relationship between two people is blocked and communication is difficult to continue, a small posture of reconciliation - a gentle answer, a kind smile, and a gentle caress - can make both parties fall off the nervous steps, making contact, cooperation and communication possible again.
01 Preface
Chapter 13 introduces the 4 causes of conflict and the 4 ways to obtain peace.
02 Causes of conflict
1. Social dilemma.
(1) Prisoner Dilemma .
Betrayal always gets better results, but the result of non-cooperation between the two parties is much worse than the situation of trusting and cooperating.
Knowing that the win-win cooperation benefits the most, but because they don’t believe in the other party, they finally chose to betray them. This has also appeared in game theory .
(2) Tragedy of the commons.
Everyone consumes natural resources when pursuing personal interests, resulting in accumulation and catastrophe.
is a bit similar to "bad money drives out good money". If I don't do it, others will do it, so it's better for me to do it first and benefit first. Due to greed, blind pursuit of profit and distrust of others.
(3) basic attribution error .
interprets one's own behavior as external pressure, while others' behavior is interpreted as the other party's characteristics.
Ways to solve social difficulties:
(1) Most conflicts are non- zero-sum game , and can win or lose together. Therefore, the result of cooperation is to maximize benefits.
(2) Make rules and clearly allocate.
(3) Reduce the population size. Prevent depersonalization, clarify responsibilities, and trigger self-consciousness.
(4) Communication. Open, clear and honest communication can eliminate distrust between people.
(5) Change the incentive mechanism. Reward cooperation and punish selfish behavior.
(6) advocates altruistic norms. Understand the benefits of cooperation.
2. Competition.
When resources are limited and zero-sum games, competition will occur.
3. Perceived injustice.
The efforts and returns are not proportional.
Gold law: The rules are always made by those who own gold.
4. Misunderstanding.
(1) Due to self-service bias, self-rationalization, and basic attribution errors.
(2) Mirror perception. Beautify yourself and ugliness the other person. According to self-proven prophecy, things will happen as expected.
(3) Simplify thinking. When the situation is tense, rational thinking becomes very difficult, and views will be more simplified and rigid, and intuitive judgments are more likely to occur.
(4) Three misunderstandings of war: underestimate the strength of your opponent, rationalize your own motivations and behaviors, and demonize your opponent.
03 Ways to obtain peace: 4Ch
1. Contact. A very interesting phenomenon is mentioned in the book
- "people are ignorant".
We originally wanted to contact someone, but we were indifferent to others because we were worried that others would have opinions about us. And others will regard your indifference as discrimination against him.
I think this is also considered a self-provement prophecy - something I worry about finally happened.
Therefore, don’t be afraid to refuse when interacting with people, and show confidence, initiative and enthusiasm.
2. Cooperation.
(1) Common external threats can build internal solidarity.
(2) For a common goal, the ultimate successful cooperation can also increase the cohesion of the two groups.
(3) Cooperative learning can improve racial attitudes.
3. Communication.
(1) Negotiation. The two communicated.
(2) Mediation. Through third-party consultation.
(3) Arbitration. Resolved compulsoryly by a third party.
finally understood the difference between the three.
4. Reconciliation.
GRIT: Make small concessions first, build trust, and encourage the other party to voluntarily return, which is equivalent to finding a way out.
04 My thoughts
1. Summarize 2 ways to avoid conflicts: think from the perspective of others and communicate more.
2. In this book, communication skills have appeared many times, and it seems that it is necessary to learn and understand.
For example, openly and honestly exchange ideas; trust others and believe that the other party is kind-hearted; think from the perspective of others.
3. This chapter is very interesting. Some contents of game theory that I have seen before appear. I found that the content of social psychology is very extensive.
Set a small goal: remember to analyze the problem from the perspective of a social psychologist when encountering things in the future.
05 Conclusion
finally mentioned the conflict between personal power and public power . How should these two be balanced?
This is a very big question and is worth pondering.
Full text 1437 words
#I am creating the second issue of Toutiao#
