raspberry, raspberry, raspberry, strawberry, black raspberry, strawberry, mulberryIdentification and difference
Text: Huamujun Raspberry, cherry, bayberry, loquat, etc. take the lead. After midsummer, peaches, apricots, plums, mulberries, watermelons, melons, grapes, lychees, longan, bananas, durians, mangoes, starfruit, rambutan , avocados, figs, etc. swarmed, and there are many kinds of fruits from all over the world, colorful, each with their own characteristics, delicious and delicious, satisfying people's appetite.
However, people often encounter such embarrassment. Some imported or foreign fruits cannot be named or confused, such as kiwi fruit (kiwi fruit), lotus mist (Peach peach), raisin (grape), phoenix fruit (Mangosteen), Avocado (Avocado), Pineapple (Pineapple), Ringo (Sand Fruit), Golden Banana (Banana), Cherry (Cherry), Ginseng Fruit (Cantaloupe Eggplant), Egg Fruit (Passion Fruit), etc. There are many reasons, some are the same strain in different regions, some are the appellations of artificially cultivated varieties, but more are caused by the marketing methods adopted by businesses taking advantage of people's curiosity.
Take the fruit of the Rubus genus (Rubus) as an example. Due to the variety of this genus, there are more than 700 species in the world, and 194 species in my country.However, due to the extremely wide distribution of this genus, it is basically distributed in all provinces, and the fruits are mostly similar, so the names are naturally different in different places, such as raspberry, raspberry, blackberry , raspberry , raspberry, raspberry, rubbish , March bubble , shanbaozi, thorn gourd , etc., there are more than 30 common names, and many of them are synonymous and synonymous.
To distinguish Rubus genus in detail, it is a systematic project and requires a great book to get a glimpse. For us plant lovers, it is neither necessary nor necessary to fight. However, we can have a little understanding of several common fruit markets in the current market, and it is enough to be able to distinguish them easily. At present, most of the cultivated raspberries sold in the market are raspberries imported from abroad. According to the fruit color and growth characteristics, there are roughly four categories of blackberries, red raspberries, yellow raspberries and blueberries.
However, this is not the focus of this article. In order to let everyone understand the many high-quality Rubus germplasm resources distributed in my country, the author has selected four representative raspberries with high market prospects, namely raspberry, cockleberry and black tree. Raspberry and raspberry , and in order to strengthen the impression, compare raspberry with strawberry and mulberry. Below we will briefly introduce its morphological distribution and identification.
. The difference between raspberries, strawberries and mulberries . The stems of this genus have many prickles, acupuncture or thorn hairs and glandular hairs, sparse without thorns.The leaves are alternate, the flowers are bisexual, sparsely unisexual and dioecious; the fruits are aggregated fruits formed by the collection of small drupes on the receptacle, either integrated with the receptacle and solid, or separated from the receptacle and hollow, pulpy or dry, Red, yellow or black, glabrous or coat.
, strawberry
Strawberry is the fruit of the horticultural cultivar Fragaria ×ananassa Duch. of the Rosaceae family. Native to South America, perennial herb, 10-40 cm high; stems lower than or nearly equal to leaves, densely spread yellow pubescent; leaves three out; cymes, flowers bisexual; large aggregated fruit, up to 3 cm in diameter, bright red , persistent sepals erect, close to fruit; achenes ovate, smooth. The flowering period is April-May, and the fruiting period is June-July.
, mulberry
Mulberry is the fruit of Moraceae and Morus family mulberry (Morus alba Linn.). Native to central and northern my country, tree or shrub, 3-10 meters high or higher, DBH up to 50 cm; dioecious, its flowers are unisexual; most mulberries are densely packed into an oval or oblong cluster of flowers Fruit, composed of many small drupes, oblong, 2-3 cm long, green at first ripeness, fleshy, black-purple or red when mature, small seeds, flowering period 3-5 months, fruit period 5- June.
. Morphological distribution of Rubuscorchorifolius, raspberry, cockleberry, black raspberry and raspberry Bubble, March bubble, April bubble, Longchuan bubble, barley bubble, bubble thorn, thorn gourd, steamed bun, high-foot wave, mountain bubble, etc., except Northeast, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Tibet, all over the country .
Erect shrub, 1-3 m high; branches with prickles, pubescent when young; simple leaves , ovate to ovate-lanceolate; flowers solitary or few on short branches; petals oblong Or oval, white, with blunt top. The fruit consists of many small drupes, nearly spherical or ovoid, 1-1.2 cm in diameter, red, densely pubescent; the dimples are wrinkled. The flowering period is February-March, and the fruiting period is April-June.
, raspberry
raspberry (Rubus parvifolius L.), also known as rubus parvifolius L., also known as Hongmeixiao, lotus root tuber, lobular rubus, raspberry raspberry, grass bayberry, snake-bubble, tooth eagle, mother-in-law, etc., most of the country's Regions are distributed.
Shrub, 1-2 m tall; branches arcuately curved, pubescent and sparsely hooked prickles; leaflets 3, occasionally 5 on new branches, rhombic or obovate; corymbs terminal or axillary , sparsely terminal inflorescences into short racemes, with several to many flowers, pubescent and fine spines; petals oval or oblong, pink to purple-red, clawed at the base. Fruit ovoid, 1-1.5 cm in diameter, red, glabrous or sparsely pilose; nucleus with shallow wrinkles. The flowering period is May-June, and the fruiting period is July-August.
, black raspberry
black raspberry, Chinese name R. mesogaeus Focke, also known as purple raspberry, raspberry, short-like thorn vine, deep mountain raspberry, etc., produced in Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu , Hubei, Taiwan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet.
Climbing shrub, 1-4 m high; old branches with sparse base prickles, branchlets reddish-brown or purple-brown, with sparse needle-like prickles or nearly thornless, pubescent when young. The leaflets are often 3, sparsely 5, and the terminal leaflets are broadly rhombic-ovate or elliptic-ovate.Corymbs are born on the top or axillary of lateral branchlets, with several to 20 flowers; petals obovate, nearly round or elliptic, base slightly pubescent, white or light pink. Fruit oblate, 6-8 mm in diameter, purple-black, glabrous; nucleus triangular-ovoid, wrinkled. The flowering period is April-May, and the fruiting period is July-August.
, raspberry
raspberry, Chinese name palm leaf raspberry (scientific name: Rubuschingii Hu), also known as East China raspberry, produced in Jiangsu, Anhui , Zhejiang , Jiangxi , Fujian , Guangxi . A vine-like shrub, 1.5-3 m tall; branches slender, prickly, glabrous. Single leaf, nearly round; single flower axillary, glabrous; petals elliptic or ovate-oblong, white, apex rounded and obtuse; fruit nearly spherical, red, 1.5-2 cm in diameter, densely covered with gray-white pubescent hairs. The flowering period is March-April, and the fruiting period is May-June.
. The prospect of raspberry and the medicinal value of raspberry Point is really embarrassing. In fact, if relying on my country's germplasm resources, more high-quality raspberry varieties can be cultivated, and the market prospect is very optimistic.
The raspberry, the fruit of the genus Rubus, has the effects of invigorating the kidney, consolidating the essence and reducing the urine, nourishing the liver and improving eyesight. , "Shen Nong's Materia Medica · High Grade · Fruit Department" is called Pengluo, raspberry, etc. In fact, the ancients often used raspberry as a medicine, and the phenomenon of different strains of the same name often occurred, but now the only confirmed "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" is East China raspberry, which is For a rigorous and authoritative explanation, for specific details, please refer to the author's previous article "Raspberry or Raspberry? Elegance or gimmick? ", if you are interested, you can read more.
021/7/9Easy to spend
