In addition, the relationship between environmental factors and the incidence of RA has also received increasing attention, such as smoking, humid and cold living/workplaces, air pollution, eating, etc. At present, many scholars have focused their attention on the influence of dietary factors on the progression of RA, hoping to use diet as a potential tool for RA prevention and management.
Today we will talk about the impact of diet on the condition of RA.
1. Certain specific eating habits can aggravate inflammation in RA patients
According to the current global distribution of RA prevalence, the number of RA patients in Western countries is significantly higher than that in Eastern countries In addition to racial differences, some scholars believe that eating habits are also one of the factors that cause the difference in the prevalence of RA between Eastern and Western countries.
In the daily diet of Western countries, red meat and high-calorie sweets consume a lot, suggesting that saturated fatty acids and trans fatty acids intake are high, but omega-3 The intake of polyethylenically unsaturated fatty acids represented by this is low. Existing studies have found that saturated fatty acids such as omega-6 can increase the level of inflammation in patients with RA, increase disease activity, and reduce the therapeutic effect of anti-rheumatic drugs.
2. Changes in nutrients in the body can promote the onset of RA
The current research found that,Obesity, high body mass index and increased waist circumference are risk factors that promote the onset of RA. In today's society, the basic feature of obesity is a large amount of fat accumulation in the body caused by excess calories in the diet, and these white adipose tissues are considered to be an "endocrine organ." They can release pro-inflammatory mediators such as interferon-α, IL-6, CRP and adipokines, and the increase of these pro-inflammatory mediators creates a favorable environment for the development of autoimmune reactions in the body.
Leptin is a pro-inflammatory adipokine that promotes the production of inflammatory factors by macrophages, enhances dendritic cell maturation and Th1 and Th17 response, and inhibits regulatory T cell function . Some scholars have found that in the pre-clinical stage of RA, leptin can improve the survival and proliferation of self-reactive cells and promote the pathogenesis of RA. Adiponectin is another pleiotropic adipokine, which has the same structural characteristics as TNF-α. During the pathogenesis of RA, adiponectin contributes to the development of the inflammatory environment of synovium and promotes the formation of osteoclast .
3. Intestinal microbiota dysregulation is involved in the pathogenesis of RA
. Changes in the intestinal microbiota may play an important role in maintaining the body’s immune homeostasis. It is related to the pathogenesis of a variety of inflammatory diseases, including RA. For example, changes in the permeability of the intestinal epithelium and mucosa will affect the immune tolerance of the local microbiota, and make the immune system imbalance, leading to the occurrence of autoimmune inflammation.
eating patterns can lead to ecological imbalance of the gut microbiota,May promote increased intestinal permeability, leading to increased inflammation. Existing studies have found that compared with healthy people, the intestinal microbiota of RA patients has undergone significant changes, which is prominently manifested by the decrease in the diversity of microbiota, and the abnormal increase of certain specific bacterial genera and species, and IL-17A Of mass generation.
So far, scholars have found that using Lactobacillus casei to interfere with RA animal models can reduce the levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α and other inflammatory factors and improve the degree of joint swelling. And histopathology showed that it can effectively inhibit the formation of synovial pannus in RA rats and reduce the degree of lymphocyte infiltration. Studies have also found that traditional anti-rheumatic drugs, such as methotrexate, leflunomide, sulfasalazine, etc., can improve the intestinal microflora of patients with RA and inhibit the number and activity of harmful bacteria. Promote the recovery of probiotic flora.
4. A diet model suitable for RA patients-" Mediterranean diet"
is a diet suitable for RA patients. An "anti-inflammatory" diet. "Mediterranean diet" is a unique eating habit of residents living in the Mediterranean region (Greece, Spain, France, and southern Italy and other Mediterranean countries), characterized by a high-fiber, high-vitamin, low-fat, and low-calorie diet.
"Mediterranean diet" requires more vegetables, fruits, whole grains, beans, nuts, etc.Eat some dairy products such as cheese and yogurt in moderation, preferably low-fat or non-fat. In terms of meat selection, it is recommended to focus on white meat such as fish and poultry, and eat less red meat. In terms of cooking methods, it is emphasized that the processing of food should be as simple as possible to avoid the loss of trace elements and antioxidant components; when cooking, use vegetable oils rich in unsaturated fatty acids (linseed oil, olive oil, corn oil, etc.) instead Animal oil and various margarine.
[Some pictures are from the Internet, if you have any objections, please contact to delete them]
Hello everyone, I’m Dr. Wenney, and I hope the knowledge I share here can help everyone’s health. Please continue to pay attention to [Dr. Winnie], I will share some health knowledge with you every week. If you have any questions, please leave a message after the article.
.
