Reviewer: Jian Gao (Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University)
After the doctor diagnosed that you have Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, he may suggest that you take a low-residue diet therapy. The basic principle is to eat more foods that are easy to digest and reduce foods that are not easy to digest.
1. What is a low-residue diet?
The low-residue diet restricts the intake of high-fiber foods, such as whole wheat bread, grains, nuts, seeds, fresh fruits, dried fruits and vegetables.
"Dregs" are undigested food that makes up feces, including fiber. The goal of a low-residue diet is to reduce bowel movements every day to relieve symptoms such as diarrhea, bloating, gas, and stomach cramps.
When an illness occurs, or after surgery, the doctor may recommend this diet to help with recovery.
2. What foods are suitable for a low-residue diet?
1, grain
including refined or fortified white bread and ordinary biscuits, such as salt crackers or toast;
cooked grains, such as Starch, oatmeal and coarsely ground grains;
non-cooked grains, such as puffed rice and corn flakes;
white rice, noodles and refined pasta.
2. Fruits and vegetables
The skins or seeds of many fruits and vegetables are rich in fiber, so you need to peel or remove the seeds before eating.
Edible vegetables include:
cooked fresh vegetables or canned seedless vegetables, such as asparagus tips, beets, green beans;
peeled cooked potatoes;
tomato sauce (Seedless).
Edible fruits include:
ripe banana;
soft cantaloupe;
white orchid melon;
seedless or peeled canned or ripe fruit, Such as applesauce or canned pears;
avocado.
3. Milk and dairy products
There is no fiber in milk or dairy products. Milk or dairy products can be consumed in moderation.
But if the patient has lactose intolerance, it may cause symptoms such as diarrhea and cramps. If there is difficulty in digesting dairy products, you can take lactase supplements or buy lactose-free products.
4. Meat
Animal meat does not contain fiber. You can eat beef, lamb, chicken, fish (without bones) and pork, as long as they are lean, tender, and soft Meat or eggs are also fine.
5. Fat, sauces and condiments
The following are all available:
margarine, butter and oil;
mayonnaise and tomato sauce;
Sour cream;
silky sauce and salad dressing;
soy sauce.
6. Desserts and snacks
The following desserts and snacks can be eaten in moderation:
ordinary cakes and biscuits;
jelly, ordinary pudding, custard and sherbet ;
Ice cream and popsicles;
hard candies;
pretzels;
vanilla pancakes;
beverages, including decaffeinated coffee, tea and carbonated drinks;
Milk;
Seedless or pulp juice, such as apple juice, grainless orange juice and cranberry juice;
filterVegetable juice.
3. What foods can not be eaten on a low-residue diet?
1, coconuts, seeds and nuts
During a low-residue diet, avoid eating coconuts, seeds and nuts, including those added in bread, cereals, desserts and candies Such food.
2, whole wheat products
include bread, oatmeal, biscuits, pasta, rice and buckwheat.
3, fresh or dried fruit
includes plums, berries, raisins, figs and pineapples and other fresh or dried fruits.
4, some vegetables
includes most raw vegetables and some cooked vegetables, such as peas, broccoli, winter squash, purple cabbage, cabbage, corn, onions, broccoli, strips Peeled potatoes and baked beans.
5. Other foods
In addition to the above foods, the following foods are also not allowed.
Beans, lentils and tofu;
meat with cartilage, smoked or cured deli meats;
cheese with seeds, nuts or fruits;
crispy peanut butter, jam , Orange sauce and candied fruit;
pickles, olives, appetizers, sauerkraut and horseradish;
popcorn;
juice containing pulp or seeds, prune juice and pear nectar.
4. How to effectively implement a low-residue diet plan?
As long as you follow the general dietary guidelines, patients can mix and match according to their own preferences. The following is a low-residue diet.
1, breakfast
decaffeinated coffee with cream and sugar;
a glass of juice, such as fruitless orange juice, apple juice or cranberry juice;
Starch food;
scrambled eggs;
waffles, French toast or pancakes;
white bread slices with margarine and grape jelly (seedless).
2, lunch
grilled chicken, white rice, canned carrots or green beans;
salad with grilled chicken, American cheese, salad dressing, round white bread;
grilled Potatoes (without skin) with sour cream and butter or margarine;
Seedless white bun, tomato sauce and mayonnaise burger, if lettuce does not aggravate symptoms, you can also add it.
3, dinner
tender beef, white rice, cooked carrots or spinach, white bread with margarine or butter;
pasta with butter or olive oil, French bread , Fruit cocktail;
grilled chicken, white rice or peeled roast potatoes, and cooked green beans;
grilled fish, white rice and canned green beans.
4. Other suggestions
The patient may not respond to some of the foods listed in the “food to avoid”, while some of the foods in the “available food” list may give The patient brings trouble.
It is recommended to keep a food diary for several weeks, record what you eat and how you feel about it, so that you can know what is edible.
If you like whole grains, nuts, raw fruits and vegetables, it may be difficult to switch to a low-residue diet.
butIf you prefer white bread and pasta, don't mind canned fruits and vegetables, and are happy to eat snacks such as salty biscuits, it will be natural to switch to a low-residue diet.
But remember, this is not a healthy long-term diet, because it lacks many important nutrients.
Before starting a low-residue diet, consult a doctor to ensure that the patient’s diet is reasonable, and consult a nutritionist whether to take supplements.
*The content of this article is for the popularization of health knowledge. It cannot be used as a specific diagnosis and treatment recommendation, nor can it replace the face-to-face consultation of a practicing doctor, for reference only.
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