Attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder, referred to as ADHD, is a common chronic physiological and psychological disorder in childhood. After the onset of the disease, the child's clinical manifestations mainly include inattention that is inconsistent with the age and devel

Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, abbreviated as ADHD, also known as ADHD, is a common chronic physiological and psychological disorder in childhood. The age of onset is mostly concentrated in 5-15 years old. After the onset of

, the child's clinical manifestations mainly include inattention that is inconsistent with the age and development level at that time, easy distraction, difficulty in emotional regulation, behavioral problems, etc.

Some parents do not take it seriously, thinking that their children are naughty and mischievous, and even mistake hyperactivity for children with lively personalities and strong curiosity...
Really hyperactive children are not lively, they are very hard-working. For children of school age, ADHD will be accompanied by serious problems such as learning difficulties, difficulties in adapting to the environment, conduct disorder, and other serious problems, which will seriously affect the child's study, life and interpersonal relationships. Therefore, it is very important to identify children with ADHD early.

Early childhood ADHD series

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Early manifestations of ADHD in young children

Difficult to raise children

ADHD in children is the result of the interaction of genetic and environmental factors, as well as the result of imperfect development of the nervous system in childhood. From the conceptual understanding of their core defects, ADHD temperament types are often difficult to maintain. This temperament type is at one extreme.

Under the influence of this temperament type, children with ADHD will show different behaviors, emotional characteristics, activity, attention, etc. in infancy. These manifestations are all behavioral activities of the temperament type after the child is born.

From the perspective of early life behavior, they show differences early on. In infancy, ADHD children are more likely to cry than other children , have difficulty feeding, be hyperactive, etc. etc. These are some indicators of poor or deficient self-regulation in children.

If such behavior occurs, it can be predicted that the child will also have hyperactivity, impulsivity or attention difficulties when he is about 3 years old.

Immature nervous system development

Another understanding of ADHD in children is from the perspective of immature nervous system development. Because the nervous system of children with ADHD is immature, their behavior in a group appears to be too childish and cannot keep up with the overall pace of development.

Their ability to follow instructions and follow group activities is also relatively low. In the newborn period, they will show problems with movement organization and unstable autonomic nervous system. These will cause the child to be difficult to maintain, overactive, and responsive to sensory stimulation too high or too low.

are more active than ordinary children.

Research has found that children with ADHD are more active than ordinary children. The difference becomes even greater in the second year of life, when children are two years old, because children at this period are already able to walk independently.

Children at risk of ADHD will "run" instead of "walk", and they will appear more restless in places where quiet is needed. In fact, this difference in performance is already obvious when the child is seven months old. Parents who pay more attention to the upbringing of their children may have some feelings, but more often than not, more parents think that this is the child's character and does not require attention.

Difficult children react strongly to stimuli, have negative emotions, are overactive, and have poor persistence in paying attention to things around them.For example, although they also love to play and explore new things, they often play this and then that, and do not play with each game toy in depth for a period of time, which makes them seem more impetuous.

Children with ADHD have a relatively sensitive personality.

Children with ADHD also have a relatively sensitive personality. At the same time, the rhythm of their daily activities is also relatively poor. They often stay up at night and get up very early in the morning, appearing particularly excited.

In early childhood, these children will be more likely to be angry and unhappy, and unhappy things seem to happen every day. Or some children are too inattentive to the things around them and laugh all day long. Even if others are already very angry, they don't seem to care at all. Instead, they will use pranks to find happiness for themselves.

They often seek attention, or seek attention by breaking things, disturbing others, getting bored, etc. They are also less willing to obey their mother's instructions, and it is even more difficult to obey the teacher's instructions in kindergarten.

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What are the susceptibility factors for ADHD in young children?

Hereditary

From a genetic perspective, ADHD is characterized by familial aggregation. Research has found that if a child is diagnosed with ADHD, there is a 30% chance that his family members, including immediate and collateral family members, have ADHD. If a child with ADHD does not improve his symptoms as an adult, the risk of the next generation having ADHD exceeds 60%.

Effects during pregnancy

From the perspective of maternal pregnancy, if pregnant women are exposed to too much nicotine, alcohol or certain drugs during the perinatal period, it will increase the chance of the fetus suffering from ADHD after birth to a certain extent.

infection, X-ray , or poisoning, etc. are also one of the susceptible factors. Especially for nicotine, a substance with excitatory effects, it will have a greater impact on fetal hyperactivity. One study showed that if the mother drank alcohol during pregnancy, her child was more than twice as likely to develop ADHD than if she did not drink alcohol, and if the mother smoked during pregnancy, the risk was more than four times greater.

Family factors

From the perspective of family upbringing, on the one hand, some children are raised and grown up under excessive pampering and laissez-faire conditions. Then the child's self-control ability has not been developed, and of course his empathy is not enough.

There are also cases where the discipline is simple and rough, with reprimands being used in mild cases, and beatings and corporal punishment being used in serious cases. These can increase children's emotional and behavioral problems.

From the perspective of the mother, the mother of a child with ADHD appears to be controlling, intrusive, and somewhat harsh in early childhood. Her state and mood are more negative, and she seldom agrees and encourages the child, and expresses very few positive emotions. Or some mothers are particularly good when they are good, but they criticize more than they praise.

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How to help children calm down?

Calming down a child with ADHD is a very big challenge for anyone and requires great patience and a strong heart.

Parent-child interaction

Parents’ emotional management and parent-child interaction with their children should be more active. These positive interactions should be carried out as early as possible. This will help the child's future more, or prevent the parent-child relationship from entering a vicious cycle and worsening the child's condition.

Especially when children reach school age, the pressure will be greater and the parent-child relationship will be even worse. Therefore, we must also pay attention to certain methods and methods to help children calm down.

is more responsive to the needs of infants and young children who are difficult to raise.

During infancy, mothers are more responsive to the needs of infants and young children who are difficult to raise. Research shows that mothers of children with ADHD are less responsive to their children's needs, or are impatient, or because their children cry frequently, the mother's response rate to their children will decrease.

If you realize that your child is a difficult-to-raise child, then the mother needs to be more patient and respond to the child's words in a relatively timely manner or more.

The second aspect is that during infancy and early childhood, mothers should respond more positively to their children. Rather than the impatient, frowning response even though there are many responses. This is also detrimental to the child's quietness, calmness and calmness.

From experience, both parents observe the children with ADHD. The father observes that the child has relatively few problems, while the mother observes that the child has relatively more problems. This is not only related to the time spent with the child, but also related to the different evaluations of the child's behavior by both parents.

The father is relatively relaxed and can accept and understand the excessive activities of his children, or he may take his children to exercise together. In this way, the interaction between father and son will be relatively friendly. The mother's focus is often on some details of life, such as whether eating and sleeping are regular, whether she is obedient, whether she can keep more quiet, etc. These children tend to be energetic and energetic. So for them, the mother will observe more problems and the child will resist more.

Parents’ emotional management is also very important. Parents need to remain calm when facing various challenges from their children. But maintaining a sense of authority in the face of children's destructive behavior is very difficult, but very necessary.