In recent years, with the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the number of people suffering from metabolic diseases is increasing. In the past, the familiar "three highs" metabolic diseases have also been expanded into the current "four highs" due to the sudden emergence of the number of people suffering from hyperuricemia. After hearing about and high uric acid in , many friends unconsciously directly linked hyperuricemia with gout. However, high uric acid ≠ gout, and only about 10% of hyperuric acid patients will develop gout. Today, we will focus on talking about high uric acid and its treatment, hoping to help you.
1. What is high uric acid?
High uric acid, also known as hyperuricemia. The clinical definition of hyperuricemia is: in the case of a normal purine diet, the fasting blood uric acid level of the patient is measured twice on different days. Diagnosable.
Second, what is the reason for the high formation of uric acid?
As we all know, uric acid is a substance with certain physiological effects, and its content is too low or high will affect the normal life activities of patients. There are two main sources of purine, one is dietary intake, and the other is produced by cellular metabolism, which account for 20% and 80% of the total source, respectively. The metabolism of uric acid also has two pathways, one is the metabolism of in the kidneys and the other is the excretion of in the digestive tract, which account for about 70% and 30% of the total metabolism, respectively. Generally speaking, the production and excretion of uric acid maintain a dynamic balance (daily production and excretion are both 600 mg), which together maintain the stability of the total uric acid pool of 1200 mg. If there is excessive uric acid production, decreased uric acid excretion, or both, this will gradually increase the content of blood uric acid and .
3. What are the high hazards of uric acid?
Uric acid is a substance that is slightly soluble in water. Normally, uric acid dissolves in the blood and flows with the blood throughout the body. When uric acid is high, these excess uric acid will find suitable places in the body to deposit and . When it is deposited in the joints and cartilage, it will cause gout; when it is deposited in the pancreatic islets, it will cause diabetes; when it is deposited in the kidney, it will cause gouty nephropathy , uric acid stones, etc. For specific hazards, please refer to the following figure:
Fourth, how to treat high uric acid?
1. Actively treat the metabolic risk factors related to elevated blood uric acid
Actively control the cardiovascular risk factors related to hyperuricemia, such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, hyperglycemia and obesity, etc. As an important part of the treatment of hyperuricemia.
2. Avoid using drugs that increase blood uric acid.
Drugs that increase uric acid include: diuretics (thiazides), aspirin, some antihypertensive drugs, cyclosporine (immunosuppressants), Some antibacterial drugs ( quinolones , penicillin ), nicotine, pyrazinamide, niacin , etc.
3. For patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia, lifestyle improvement should be the main focus. If blood uric acid cannot be reduced to the normal range after 3-6 months, drug treatment can be considered. The ways to improve the lifestyle are as follows:
(1) Mainly low-purine diet
Patients with high uric acid should eat more low-purine foods.Rice, milk or fresh green leafy vegetables are all typical low-purine foods, which can make people healthier without burdening people's kidneys. As for high-purine foods such as animal offal, seafood , etc., it is easy to increase the blood uric acid level after eating, and patients and friends should never touch them.
(2) Drink plenty of water
Water can promote the excretion of metabolites, especially uric acid can reduce the formation of crystals, which is effective in preventing gout, especially in the acute attack period, ensuring enough water every day can make uric acid metabolize quickly, but pay attention to as much as possible Drinking boiled water can not be replaced by beverages, beer, strong tea, etc. If you really don’t like the taste of boiled water or mineral water, you can use light tea or scented tea instead.
(3) Actively participate in moderate-intensity aerobic exercise
Aerobic exercise refers to physical exercise performed by the human body under the condition of sufficient supply of oxygen . That is, in the process of exercise , the oxygen inhaled by the human body is equal to the demand, reaching a physiological balance state. Exercise performance is characterized by rhythmic physical activity involving all the muscles of the body, the intensity is below moderate (heart rate does not exceed 80% of the maximum heart rate after exercise), and the exercise time can last for more than 10 minutes without interruption. The forms of exercise include brisk walking, jogging, swimming, cycling, and aerobics (dance). In order to prevent and relieve the symptoms of hyperuric acid gout, patients and friends are encouraged to carry out moderate aerobic exercise to control the hyperuric acid problem.
But you must be careful not to exercise excessively, because excessive exercise may lead to exercise-induced hyperuricemia and lactic acidemia. If you exercise, you should ensure that you exercise at least 3 times a week, and each exercise is not less than 30 minutes.
(4) Regular work and rest, to ensure a happy mood Factors such as the increase in blood uric acid levels occur.
In short, controlling blood uric acid is a relatively complex project, and patients and friends must carry out standardized treatment under the guidance of professional doctors. Only in this way can the problem of high uric acid be effectively controlled without causing trouble in the future.
