There is a statistic that shows that 30% of children are obese and have poor physical fitness due to lack of exercise, which in turn affects their learning ability and performance.
Compared with the promotion and implementation of children's physical fitness in many foreign sports powers, our country is still in an overall backward position.
Physical fitness is the foundation of health. Children's physical fitness should be practiced from an early age!
01
The definition of physical fitness in various countries
originated from the United States. The U.S. Presidential Council on Sports and Athletics gave the definition of physical fitness in 1971: It refers to the personal ability to be competent for daily work (study) without feeling tired, and at the same time to have Spare time to enjoy leisure, and the physical adaptability to cope with sudden changes and stress.
Later in 1987, the American Sports Association for Health, Physical Education, and Dance (AAHPERD for short) proposed a physical fitness health education plan. The core content of this plan is health-related knowledge and methods, which mainly include knowledge and methods of the role of physical activities in improving aerobic fitness, muscle strength and endurance, flexibility, body composition, as well as the health of nutrition and physical activities Knowledge.
The definition of "physical fitness" by the World Health Organization is: "the body has sufficient energy and energy to carry out daily tasks without being overtired, and has enough energy to enjoy leisure activities and cope with unexpected stressful events." Ability. "
Scholars from various European countries have different understandings of fitness:
For example, Germany calls it: "work ability";
France calls it: "physical adaptability";
Some domestic publications also have similar definitions of physical fitness. : For example, "Perspectives on Physical Education" believes that physical fitness is "to enable everyone to choose the exercise method and amount of exercise that best suits their recent needs under various conditions to enhance their physical fitness in order to maintain the best health. Depending on the person Access to health varies from time to time and from place to place.”
02
Children's physical fitness
The establishment of children's physical fitness starts from rolling, crawling, squatting, standing, walking to the development of running movements, leaping, jumping, gliding and other movements, combined with flexibility, Strength, balance, speed, endurance, agility and coordination enable children to continuously connect and improve their sports in a structured way, and help them achieve excellent sports performance in various sports.
As children and adolescents improve their basic physical fitness, they will develop better abilities when participating in a specific sport in the future.
For example:
Throwing while running (agility, balance, coordination)
Avoiding multiple defenders (agility, speed, coordination)
Ball control during collision in football (agility, balance)
Hockey Winning the ball (strength, coordination)
Fast break/defense in basketball games (endurance, speed, coordination, strength, etc.).
Physical fitness development at different ages Sensitive period
Children and adolescents have sensitive periods for physical fitness development at different ages and need to develop accordingly, a total of seven basic sports qualities: "flexibility, strength, balance, speed, endurance, agility and coordination" .
Different physical fitness training sensitive period: suitable training age (years)
• Flexibility: 4-5
• Coordination: 5-8
• Reaction speed: 8-10
• Aerobic endurance: 8-10
• Limit speed: 10 -12 (female) 12-14 (male)
• Explosive power: 10-12 (female) 12-14 (male)
• Anaerobic endurance : 12-14 (female) 14-16 (male)
• Strength Endurance: 12-14 (female) 14-16 (male)
• Ultimate strength: 12-14 (female) 14-16 (male)
03
Benefits of children's physical fitness
In early childhood, the child's body is in a stage of rapid development. They have the characteristics of strong plasticity of personality and quality and sensitivity to competition. Physical fitness training for young children during this period can achieve very good results.
1. Stimulate nerves and promote brain development;
2. Enhance children's physical fitness and strengthen their bodies;
3. Correct body shape and develop good habits;
4. Shape children's complete personality
In the process of exercise, children are cultivated to be strong and optimistic. Quality; in challenges, enhance self-confidence and form a persevering character; in team competitions, learn to respect the rules, learn to unite and cooperate, know how to compete, learn to be aggressive, and learn to admit defeat; in team life, learn to respect others, learn to Manage your emotions. All of these are indispensable assets for a child's life.
