Diabetes may be geriatric in many people's impression, and generally only middle-aged and elderly people will suffer from the disease. But in fact, children can also get diabetes, and they also need to control their diet. They also need to take medicine for a long time, and even in severe cases, they need to inject insulin .
Why do children get diabetes?
diabetes is an autoimmune disease . The innate genetic gene is susceptible to diabetes. In addition, the acquired diet, chemicals and infection and other environmental factors induce the autoimmune response of pancreatic β cells, resulting in cell damage, loss of function of synthesis and secretion of insulin, causing sugar metabolism disorder , and eventually developing into diabetes.
diabetes
is caused by obesity and other factors in the body to resist insulin. means that intake of too much sugar. In order to maintain blood sugar stability, pancreatic β cells work overtime. Once the insulin secreted by pancreatic β cells gradually cannot meet the excessive demand, diabetes will be triggered, which is the same as the common diabetes process in adults.
Symptoms of diabetes
Diabetes is a progressive disease and can be divided into two stages: asymptomatic period and symptomatic period. Type 1 has a more acute onset, while type 2 generally has a slow onset. Asymptomatic period is mostly for type 2 diabetes patients, with good appetite and physical weight, and mental strength as ordinary people. Usually, urine sugar is positive during physical examination or diagnosis and treatment of other diseases. Fasting blood sugar is normal or higher than normal, and blood sugar is higher than normal two hours after meals. The typical symptoms of diabetes during the symptom period are "three more and one less": urination, drinking more, eating more, and weight loss.
① Polyuria, thirst, and drinking: Due to the increase in blood sugar concentration, which exceeds the renal sugar threshold, the urine sugar and urine osmotic pressure increase, while the reabsorption of water in renal tubules decreases, and the urine volume and number of urine volume increase. It can be more than 20 times a day and night, with a total amount of 2 to 3 liters. Due to urination, the child is thirsty and drinks more.
② Eat more and be hungry: Due to a lot of diabetes, sugar cannot be fully utilized, so the food is slightly hyperactive and feels hungry. Eat 5 to 6 times a day, and each meal can reach 1 to 2 kilograms.
③ Weight loss, fatigue and weakness: Due to abnormal sugar metabolism and reduced energy utilization, the patient feels tired and weak.
④Others: Dry and itchy skin , etc.
people at high risk of diabetes:
① Parents, siblings or other relatives are diabetic patients, that is, they have a family history of diabetes, among which the first-degree relatives of diabetic patients are the most likely to have abnormal sugar regulation;
② is huge child at birth (the fetus weighs more than 4 kg at birth);
③ have hypertension
③ 2. Patients with hyperlipidemia, hyperuric acid, hyperinsulinemia and high blood viscosity;
④ Obese or overweight, or accompanied by acanthellae nigrican, especially those with abdominal obesity;
⑤ People who have long used some special drugs such as glucocorticoid and diuretics;
⑥ have been diagnosed with early diabetes, that is, people with damaged fasting blood sugar in or reduced glucose tolerance.
When children have the above symptoms of diabetes, blood sugar should be monitored in time and confirmed as soon as possible to avoid complications. Especially for high-risk people, blood sugar should be monitored regularly and multiple times.
How to treat diabetes in children?
At the current medical level, type 1 diabetes is still not completely curable. Therefore, the current treatment focus should be on how to achieve the optimal blood sugar control level and prevent, delay and reduce complications as much as possible.
1 type diabetes treatment is a systematic project, including insulin injection, blood sugar monitoring, active exercise, diet control and diabetes education. Among them, education is the core. Only by scientifically and comprehensively understanding this disease can we strengthen our confidence in overcoming the disease, and this education must be carried out throughout the disease treatment process.
For the treatment of type 2 diabetes, dietary management (i.e., medical nutritional treatment) is the most important part. Medical nutritional treatment refers to strictly limiting heat card on the premise that nutrients must be guaranteed. While nutritional treatment, children must pay attention to changing their lifestyles. Regular exercise can improve blood sugar control, reduce cardiovascular risk factors, reduce weight and improve health status.Drug treatment is a promotional treatment based on diet and exercise. Unlike adults, the only recognized drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in children are insulin and metformin and .
Jianyi Park warm reminder: Diabetes in children is a rare disease in childhood, but its symptoms are atypical and easy to be misdiagnosed. If you find that your child has signals of weight loss and drinking and urinating due to unknown reasons, you should seek medical treatment in time. Some types of diabetes can be prevented, and regular routine physical examinations are the easiest and most effective way to detect abnormal situations in a timely manner.
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Content excerpted from "Health Encyclopedia - Prevention and Treatment of Common Diseases in Children" Editor-in-Chief Wang Tianyou
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