diabetic patients all know insulin. Many people also mentioned that insulin looked worried and were very worried that insulin injection would be addicted and might have to live a whole day of insulin injection.
Insulin can increase the utilization of glucose , accelerate the anaerobic fermentation and aerobic oxidation of glucose, promote the synthesis and storage of liver glycogen and muscle glycogen , and promote the conversion of glucose into fat control, glycogen decomposes and gluconeogenesis , thereby reducing blood sugar.
In addition, insulin can promote fat synthesis, inhibit the production of ketone body during fat decomposition, reduce and correct various symptoms of ketoacidemia, promote protein synthesis, and inhibit protein decomposition When insulin and glucose are used together, potassium can be encouraged to enter tissue cells from the extracellular fluid.
So do you have to insulin if you have diabetes? Although insulin injection can effectively control blood sugar, as long as it is a drug, there will be side effects. So what are the dangers of long-term insulin injection? Let’s learn about it together.
1
First of all, let’s understand, what is the principle of insulin?
insulin is mostly modified by DNA recombination technology to modify the amino acid sequence of human insulin analog so that it can bind to the insulin receptor in the human body, thereby mimicking the function and function of human insulin, and exogenously supplementing insulin for diabetic patients who suffer from insufficient insulin secretion or relatively insufficient insulin resistance, and exogenously supplementing insulin and reducing blood sugar.
Insulin is an important and effective means of treating diabetes. It is widely used in the treatment of diabetes patients during special periods such as type 12 diabetes and pregnancy, delivery surgery, etc. According to the speed and maintenance time of insulin in the body, short numbers can be divided into short-acting, medium-acting, long-acting, etc. Different insulins have different usage methods and indications. Therefore, when using insulin to treat diabetes, it should be carried out under the guidance of a professional doctor.
. Insulin can promote the synthesis of protein and fat in the body, and can also inhibit the decomposition of protein and fat. It is the raw material for gluconeogenesis and further plays a role in lowering blood sugar.
. Insulin can also promote the synthesis of glycogen . After eating, insulin will promote the conversion of blood sugar into glycogen and store it to avoid the increase in blood sugar. Therefore, insulin can avoid the increase in blood sugar after meals.
3. Insulin can also promote the consumption of glucose by various tissues and organs, reduce the content of glucose in the blood, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing blood sugar. Insulin is usually suitable for patients with poor blood sugar control and type 1 diabetes for a long time.
2
What are the side effects of long-term insulin injection? Diabetic patients need to pay attention!
. Hypoglycemia reaction: If the insulin injection dose is too large, or if the insulin is not eaten on time, or if the food intake is insufficient, a hypoglycemia reaction may occur. If you find that you have symptoms such as palpitations, sweating, trembling and fatigue, pale complexion, abnormal skin sensation, it is very likely that you have been given too much insulin. Therefore, you must master the injection dose before use and keep your diet as constant as possible, so as to avoid the occurrence of hypoglycemia to the greatest extent.
. Weight gain: Many diabetic patients believe that after insulin injection, their blood sugar can be eaten when they are normal, and their weight will definitely continue to increase. If they do not control caloric intake, the more they will synthesize. Over time, a vicious cycle will form, and the more they will be beaten, the more they will be beaten, and the fatter they will be.
3. Insulin edema: Patients with long-term poor blood sugar control may experience edema in the early stages of insulin use. This is because before diabetes is effectively controlled, it will cause permeable diuresis due to hyperglycemia , resulting in reduced water deficiency, potassium deficiency and extracellular fluid in the body.
After insulin treatment, the original blood sugar was controlled, and the problems of water and potassium deficiency were solved. Some people may experience facial and limb edema due to the retention of water and sodium.
4. Insulin allergy: Local insulin injection is manifested as rash, itching, redness, swelling, blisters or nodules at the injection site. Another type of allergic symptoms may occur, mainly manifested as systemic itching, urticaria, asthma and , etc. It usually occurs in the early stages of insulin use, or in patients who have stopped insulin treatment and started to use again.
If allergic symptoms occur, be sure to go to the hospital in time to prevent more serious situations.
3
insulin injection standard?
Generally speaking, the daily insulin secretion of normal adults is 40 to 50 units, including basal insulin and insulin after stimulation. Basal insulin secreted in an empty stomach without exogenous stimulation. Normal people secrete about 24 units in 24 hours. After
stimulation, insulin is secreted after exogenous stimulation, mainly in response to eating. 8 to 10 minutes after normal people eat, plasma insulin levels begin to rise, reaching peaks in 30 to 45 minutes, and then decreases with the decline of blood sugar levels, and returns to the basal level 90 to 120 minutes after meals.
Normal people secrete about 6 to 8 units of insulin after meals. When a normal person is on an empty stomach, the basal insulin level is 5-20uU/ml, which generally rises to the peak 30 minutes to 1 hour after meals. At this time, the insulin level is 5 to 10 times the basal level of fasting. Insulin is a biologically active substance secreted by the human pancreatic β cells, maintaining the stability of human blood sugar.
Fasting insulin level is 10~20mU/L for normal people, and C peptide level is 400pmol/L for normal people. The examination was performed as an insulin release experiment, which was measured with 150g sugar water. It was divided into five points, namely, half an hour, one hour, two hours, and three hours after eating. When checking insulin, the C peptide can be checked at the same time, so that insulin metabolism can be observed in comparison.
