Each of us will experience birth, old age, sickness and death. When the human body gets older, all the functions of the body will gradually decline. Some people with poor physical fitness will get sick. After getting sick, they need to go to the hospital for relevant examinations. After the series, the final result is to take some medicine to help themselves relieve the torture of the illness.
With the development of society, people's diets on the table are becoming more and more diverse. Listening to such diets can easily cause their blood pressure to slowly increase. Now High blood pressure is no longer exclusive to middle-aged and elderly people, and he is gradually becoming younger. After getting high blood pressure, he needs to take medicine for a long time to stabilize his blood pressure.
There are three main principles for taking antihypertensive drugs. Blood pressure drops to a normal and reasonable range, and the efficacy of the medicine can be maintained in the body for a long time. You only need to take it once a day. The third is that it can stabilize and reduce blood pressure. The blood pressure can remain relatively stable within 24 hours, and there will be no excessive fluctuations or excessive fluctuations.
However, when some middle-aged and elderly patients around us take some short-acting or clinically non-first-choice antihypertensive drugs, it is not only not conducive to the protection of body organs, but also may fluctuate significantly. The greater the blood pressure fluctuation, the greater the damage to target organs such as cardioencephalnephritis. In fact, there are three common antihypertensive drugs in real life. Because of the excessive side effects, they have been eliminated. However, many hypertensive patients are still taking them for a long time. Let’s take a look at which three antihypertensive drugs are.
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Reminder: These three antihypertensive drugs have been eliminated, but there are still many patients taking them. It is recommended to replace
, Reserplate and its compound preparation: I believe many people have heard of it, or have taken compound riserpine tablets, Beijing Antihypertensive No. 0. Reserpine can not only inhibit the consumption of catecholamines in the peripheral sympathetic nerve , but also increase gastric acid secretion and cause drowsiness, dry mouth , acid reflux heartburn and other adverse reactions, especially long-term or large-scale use, it will also increase the occurrence of adverse reactions.
This drug only has an effect of lowering blood pressure and has no protective effect on target organs such as the heart, brain and kidney. There are many contraindications, including active ulcers, ulcerative colitis, severe renal dysfunction, depression , arrhythmia , myocardial infarction, hyperuricemia or gout, and patients with hypertension often have some complications in clinical practice, which will bring great limitations to the use of the drug. Therefore, it is not recommended to take Rise Ping tablets as the first-line drug for the treatment of hypertension.
. Nifedipine ordinary tablets: Nifedipine tablets have strong efficacy, half-life short, clearance rate is high, and it takes effect quickly, and it takes effect 15 minutes after taking it, because the fast-acting drug has strong efficacy, and blood pressure will drop rapidly after taking it, which can easily lead to insufficient blood perfusion in the cerebral, causing symptoms such as dizziness, headache, and weakness in the limbs. In severe cases, it may induce cerebral thrombosis.
nifedipine has a short half-life, so the effect of the medicine in the body is relatively short. Patients with hypertension need to take it several times a day to ensure the long-term effect of the medicine. It is very inconvenient to take the medicine, especially the elderly often miss the taking of the blessing, which will cause blood pressure to rise and fall, which can easily cause vascular endothelial damage, which is not conducive to the stability of blood pressure.
So nifedipine is no longer used in the treatment of conventional hypertension and has been gradually replaced by nifedipine sustained-release tablets or controlled-release tablets. The sustained-release tablets and controlled-release tablets have unique gastrointestinal membrane control technology and zero-order release mode, which can keep the drug evenly released within 24 hours, thereby achieving long-term control of blood pressure stability.
. Compound Robu Mata Tablets: This drug is a compound preparation containing a variety of Chinese medicines and a variety of Western medicine ingredients. Hydrochlorothiazide and dihydroderazine have antihypertensive effects. Dihydroderazine is just a simple vasodilator and has no protective effect on target organs such as the heart, brain and kidney. It will not only lead to a rapid heart rate, but will also cause great damage to the cardiovascular system for a long time.
may also cause lupus-like skin changes, so it is not recommended for routine antihypertensive treatment. For safety reasons, it is recommended that patients with hypertensive who are taking nifedipine tablets, compound robu sap tablets, and reserpin compound preparations must choose antihypertensive drugs that suit them under the guidance of a doctor.
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What are the causes of hypertension?
. Obesity: Obesity is one of the common risk factors for hypertension. The fatter the body weight, the more blood flow is required to provide cells and tissues with oxygen and nutrition. As the blood circulation in the blood vessels increases, the pressure in the arteries also increases. Obesity may lead to heart disease, high cholesterol , diabetes arthritis, chronic kidney disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and many other diseases.
. Lack of enough exercise: Sitting for a long time and lacking a lifestyle to exercise will make the risk of hypertension higher. Exercise will increase the blood flow of the human arteries, which will lead to the release of natural hormones and cytokine . These hormones help relax blood vessels and ultimately lower blood pressure. Physical exercise is a healthy lifestyle. Exercise 30 minutes a day to help prevent hypertension.
. High pressure: Pressure will not directly lead to hypertension, but may lead to repeated increase in blood pressure, which may eventually lead to hypertension under pressure. The hormones released by the body will make the heart muscles tense, increase the heart rate, and contract blood vessels, causing hypertension to increase the risk of heart disease, chest pain, or arrhythmia .
. High salt intake: Too much salt in the diet is another routine factor for hypertension. Excessive sodium will keep the body more fluids and will also cause arteries to contract. These two factors will lead to increased blood pressure. Reducing the intake of salt in the diet can effectively reduce the level of hypertension. The World Health Organization recommends consuming 5 grams of sodium salt every day, but Chinese residents consume 8 to 15 grams of sodium salt every day, so this is a major factor in hypertension.
. Potassium intake is too low: Too little potassium in the diet can also increase the risk of hypertension. Potassium is an important mineral that helps balance the sodium content in cells. Low potassium intake will lead to excessive accumulation of sodium in the blood, leading to hypertension. Potassium may also cause arterial smooth muscle cells to relax, thereby lowering blood pressure, increasing potassium intake and a low-sodium diet, which plays an important role in maintaining normal blood pressure levels.
6, Vitamin D deficiency : Vitamin D can improve blood circulation throughout the body and is crucial for the normal functioning of the heart. Deficiency of vitamin D can also increase the risk of hypertension. Vitamin D inhibits the enzymatic process, which can constrict arteries and cause hypertension. Some chronic diseases may also increase the risk of hypertension.
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What antihypertensive drugs are commonly taken now?
Currently commonly used antihypertensive drugs can be classified into five major categories, namely diuretics, beta receptor antagonists, calcium channel blockers (CCBs), angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs).
. Diuretics: Commonly used are hydrochlorothiazide, which is suitable for mild and moderate hypertension, for simple systolic hypertension, salt-sensitive hypertension, salt-sensitive hypertension, diabetes , menopause women, heart failure and hypertension in the elderly have strong antihypertensive effects. The main adverse reaction is low potassium, which affects blood sugar, blood lipid , and blood uric acid metabolism. Small doses are recommended, and are contraindicated in patients with gout.
, β receptor antagonists: Metoprolol is commonly used, which is used in patients with varying degrees of hypertension, especially in middle-aged and young patients with fast heart rates or those with angina and chronic heart failure. The main side effects are caused by slowing heart rate and some adverse reactions that affect the quality of life. It is prohibited for patients with acute heart failure, pathological sinus node syndrome, and atrioventricular block.
, calcium channel blocker (CCB): Commonly used are amlodipine , nifedipine, etc., which have rapid antihypertensive effect and amplitude. The main disadvantage is that some calcium channel blockers may cause heart rate increase, facial flushing, headache, lower limb edema, etc. When starting treatment, some calcium channel blockers should not be used in patients with heart failure , sinus node function, or heart blocker .
. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI): Commonly used include captopril , enalapril , etc., which has slow down blood pressure and has the effect of improving insulin resistance and reducing urine protein . It has good therapeutic effects on obesity, diabetes, and hypertensive patients with damaged heart and kidney target organs.
, Angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARB): Commonly used are irbesartan , temisartan , etc., which have slow down blood pressure, but are long-lasting and stable. There are fewer adverse reactions directly related to drugs, and the treatment subjects and contraindications are the same as those of ACEI.
