Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a mental illness with obsessive-compulsive ideas and compulsive actions as its main manifestations. The symptoms can be summarized as obsessive-compulsive thoughts and compulsive behaviors.
According to foreign reports, the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the general population is 0.05%-1%, accounting for 0.1%-2% of the total number of psychiatric patients. The prevalence rate of the domestic epidemiological survey is 0.3‰, usually onset in the young and middle-aged, and there is no significant difference in gender.
Obsessive thinking can be divided into obsessive thoughts, compulsive emotions, and compulsive will. It has a variety of content. The co-existence of "self-compulsion" and "conscious self-anti-compulsion" is characteristic. The patient knew that the obsessive-compulsive symptoms persisted was meaningless and unreasonable, but could not restrain the recurrence. The more they tried to resist, the more tension and pain they felt.
What is the etiology and pathogenesis of obsessive-compulsive disorder? The cause is still unknown. However, Professor Rong Xinqi, the chief psychological tutor of New Concept, said that genetic factors, compulsive personality characteristics, family and social factors all play a role in the onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
The predisposing factors of obsessive-compulsive disorder
1. Genetic factors.
The statistical survey results show that obsessive-compulsive disorder is related to heredity.
2. Personality characteristics.
1/3 of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder have a certain degree of compulsive personality before illness, and most of their siblings, parents and children also have compulsive personality characteristics. It is characterized by being restrained, hesitant, thrifty, cautious and careful, paying too much attention to details, thoughtful, and demanding perfection.But it is too rigid and lacks flexibility.
3. Inducing factors.
According to Shanghai survey data, 35% of patients have predisposing factors. All social and psychological factors that can cause long-term mental tension and anxiety, or accidents that bring heavy mental shock, are all predisposing factors for obsessive-compulsive disorder.
In the occurrence of obsessive-compulsive disorder, psychosocial factors are not negligible pathogenic factors. Poor physical health or long-term physical and mental fatigue can promote obsessive-compulsive disorder in people with compulsive personality.
Treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder
In the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, mainly medication and psychotherapy. In addition, during the treatment process, attention should be paid to the patient's daily care.
1. Drug treatment.
The advantage of drug treatment is that it can improve the patient's symptoms very conveniently and quickly, thereby reducing the suffering of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Of course, drug treatment also has a downside. At present, the most commonly used drugs are anti-obsessive-compulsive disorder drugs: clomipramine and serotonin reuptake inhibitor drugs.
Some patients have more severe symptoms, so they need to add some synergistic drugs on the basis of ordinary anti-obsessive-compulsive disorder drugs, such as antipsychotic drugs , emotional stabilizers, thyroxine, etc. , The specific circumstances need to follow the doctor's advice.
2. Psychotherapy.
psychotherapy includes cognitive behavioral therapy , hypnotherapy , psychotherapy, family therapy, supportive psychotherapy, etc. Among them, hypnotherapy and Morita therapy are more effective.
The advantage of psychotherapy is that there are no side effects, but psychotherapy also has some limitations. For example, the effect is relatively slow, and the patient's cooperation is required. In addition, professional psychological counselors and hypnotists are also needed.
3. Daily care.
In addition to drug treatment and psychotherapy, the daily care of patients is also very important for obsessive-compulsive disorder-participate in some group activities, engage in some interesting work, cultivate some life hobbies, in order to establish new excitement to suppress the pathology Be excited. In addition, adjust your mentality, learn to go with the flow, exercise more and learn to release stress.
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