Chinese culture has a long history, is extensive and profound, and idioms are a shining pearl in our country’s cultural heritage. Many of these idioms are derived from historical allusions. How much do you know about the following 100 idioms and allusions and their stories about

Chinese culture has a long history, is extensive and profound, and idioms are a shining pearl in our country’s cultural heritage. Many of these idioms are derived from historical allusions. How much do you know about the following 100 idioms and allusions and their stories about historical figures?

51, Qiu Wugui (Cen Peng)

[Interpretation] Autumn hairs: the new down of animals after autumn. A metaphor for something very delicate. Describes strict military discipline; no infringement on the common people; also describes people as honest and upright.

[Quote] Han Dynasty. Sima Qian's "Historical Records. Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin": "When the king (Liu Bang) entered Wuguan, Qiu did not harm him; he eliminated Qin's harsh laws; he made an agreement with the people of Qin in three chapters; the people of Qin all wanted to win the king Qin. ”

[distinguish the shape]Hao; cannot be written as "Hao".

[Similar meaning] Chickens and dogs are not surprised, Tao does not pick up lost things.

[Antonym] Do anything wrong, do no evil.

[Usage] Used as a compliment. Generally used as predicate and attributive.

[structure] subject-predicate formula.

52. Look at plums to quench thirst (Cao Cao)

[Definition] Want to eat plums; drool; no longer thirsty. It is a metaphor that wishes cannot be realized; comfort yourself with fantasy.

[Speech out] Yuan Jia Zhongming's "Pairing the Jade Comb": "If you want me, just look at the plum blossoms to quench your thirst."

[Distinguish the shape] Thirst; cannot write "drink".

[Synonym] Paint cakes to satisfy hunger [Antonym] Live up to the name

[Usage] Used in a derogatory sense. Generally used as predicate, object, and attributive.

[Analysis] ~ and "drawing cakes to satisfy hunger"; both are metaphors for comforting oneself with fantasy; often used interchangeably. But ~ means empty waiting and fantasy; there is no actual action; and "drawing cakes to satisfy hunger" often involves the act of drawing cakes instead.

[idiom story] One summer, Cao Cao led his troops to attack Zhang Xiu. The weather was extremely hot, the sun was like fire, and there was no cloud in the sky. The troops were walking on the winding mountain road, with dense trees on both sides and covered by the sun. The sun-scorched rocks make it suffocating. By noon, the soldiers' clothes were soaked through, their marching speed also slowed down, and several weak soldiers actually fainted on the roadside.

Guo Han asked politely: Cao Cao saw that the marching speed was getting slower and slower, and he was worried that he would miss the chance of fighting, and he was very anxious. However, now tens of thousands of people cannot even drink water, so how can they speed up? He immediately called the guide and asked him quietly: "Is there any water source near here?" The guide shook his head and said: "The spring is on the other side of the valley. It is still a long way to go around." Cao Cao thought for a moment and said, "No. , there is no time." He looked at the woods in front of him, thought for a while, and said to the guide: "Don't say anything, I will think of a way." He knew that it would be useless to order the troops to speed up at this moment. After thinking about it, he came up with a solution. He clamped the horse's belly and rushed to the front of the team. He pointed forward with his riding crop and said: "Soldiers, I know there is a large plum forest ahead. The plums there are big and delicious. Let's hurry up." Hurry up and go around this hill to Merlin!" When the soldiers heard this, they felt as if they had already eaten it, their spirits were high, and they couldn't help but speed up their pace.

53. Do your best (Zhuge Liang)

[Explanation] Refers to be respectful and cautious, and do your best

[Speech] Ming. Song Lian's "Xianfu Junrongfeng Shiqian Biao": "My wife and Xian Kao worked hard and vowed not to knock down her door. "

[Simplicity] Bow and try your best

[Idiom story] At the end of the Han Dynasty, Cao Pi, Cao Cao's son, deposed Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, changed the country's name to Wei, and became emperor himself, that is, Emperor Wen of Wei. At this time, Liu Bei, who occupied the Sichuan area, also declared his accession to the throne, and was known as the "first lord" of Shu Han in history. Liu Bei made Zhuge Liang his prime minister and established his capital in Chengdu. As a result, together with Soochow in Jiangnan (Jiangdong), the situation of the three kingdoms of Wei, Shu and Wu officially emerged. (See "Three Visits to the Thatched Cottage")

Soon after, Liu Bei passed away, and Liu Bei's son Liu Chan took the throne as the "Launch Master". Zhuge Liang continued to serve as prime minister and was named "Marquis of Wuxiang". All military and political power in Shu was in his hands and made his decision. Zhuge Liang had always advocated joining forces with Wu to attack Wei. At this time, he still formed a good relationship with Soochow and conquered Menghuo in the south. He pacified the counties in the south to eliminate his worries. Then he strengthened his military equipment, trained his troops and martial arts, and actively prepared for the northern expedition to Wei. . When sending out troops, he made a petition to his superiors, urging them to listen to loyal advice and appoint good ministers. This was the "Preface to the Division" that was later circulated.However, this Northern Expedition was not completed, so he temporarily withdrew his troops and returned to Shu. Some time later, Zhuge Liang launched the second Northern Expedition. At that time, some officials of the Shu Kingdom were opposed to the mobilization of troops. Therefore, Zhuge Liang made another table to analyze the situation at that time, indicating that the Shu Han and Cao Wei were incompatible, and the Northern Expedition was necessary. This is the "Left out of the teacher's example" that was later circulated the same as "The former teacher's example".

Zhuge Liang's two times as a teacher and his loyalty have made the article praised throughout the ages.

There is a sentence at the end of "The Later Disciple": "I will do my best and die..." This is an idiom that people often quote.

54, Three Chapters of Covenant (Liu Bang)

[Interpretation] Covenant: negotiated and determined; law: law. Establish three articles of law. Originally refers to making laws; making an agreement to abide by them. Later, it generally refers to the establishment of simple terms; everyone will supervise and comply with them.

[Speech out] Han Sima Qian's "Historical Records? The Benji of Emperor Gaozu" of Han Dynasty: "I made a three-chapter agreement with my fathers: those who kill will die; those who hurt others and steal will be punished."

[positive pronunciation] Agreement; cannot be pronounced as "yāo".

[Usage] Generally used as predicate and object.

[idiom story]

Qin II was an incompetent emperor. He not only trusted the treacherous minister Zhao Gao, but also killed many loyal ministers. The common people were having a hard time, so people everywhere rebelled. And Liu Bang and Xiang Yu belonged to the army of King Huai of Chu.

One day, King Huai of Chu said to Liu Bang and Xiang Yu: "Whoever enters Guanzhong first can be king." So Liu Bang and Xiang Yu set off with their armies on the west and north roads respectively.

Along the way, Liu Bang encountered no resistance, won several battles, and successfully entered Guanzhong. However, as soon as Liu Bang entered Xianyang City, he showed his original nature of being drunk and lustful. He stayed in the palace and refused to come out, completely forgetting his purpose. When Zhang Liang went to persuade him, he suddenly realized that he quickly called a meeting with the elders and heroes of Guanzhong and made three agreements with them - those who kill will die, those who hurt others and those who steal will be punished, and the rest can be abolished by the laws of the Qin Dynasty.

All the officials were as safe as before, and the people were very happy to know that, and spread the word: "If Liu Peigong can return to Guandong, then we people will have a good life." Therefore, Liu Bang successfully bribed The hearts of the people in Guanzhong.

55. Please enter the urn (Zhou Xing)

[Interpretation] Jun: the honorific title of a person; urn: a large pottery jar. A large jar with a small mouth and a large belly. Refers to using someone's method to deal with others to deal with herself.

[Quotes] "New Book of Tang Dynasty. Biography of Zhou Xing": "At the beginning; Xing was unknown to the accused; Fang met Junchen. Junchen said: 'There are many prisoners who refuse to accept it; what can I do?' Zhou Zhi: What's the matter? Junchen said: "Shan." Xu Wei Xing said: "I have an edict. Please taste it." ]瓮; cannot be pronounced as "wēnɡ".

[ Shape Discrimination ] Jun; cannot be written as "military". [Synonym] Fight fire with fire, tooth for tooth

[Usage] Mostly used in written language. Generally used as predicate and attributive.

[idiom story] Empress Wu Zetian of the Tang Dynasty appointed a group of cruel officials in order to suppress those who opposed her. Two of them are the most vicious, one is Zhou Xing and the other is Lai Junchen. They used false accusations, accusations, and inhumane criminal laws to kill many upright civil and military officials and civilians. Once, a whistleblower letter was delivered to Wu Zetian, the content of which was to accuse Zhou Xing of liaising with others to commit rebellion. Wu Zetian was furious and ordered Lai Junchen to investigate the matter. When Lai Junchen came, he murmured in his heart. He thought, Zhou Xing is a cunning and treacherous person, and it is impossible to make him tell the truth with just one informant letter; but if the results of the investigation are not found, and the Queen Mother blames him, I will come to Junchen. I can't bear it. what should I do? After thinking hard for a long time, I finally came up with a clever idea.

He prepared a sumptuous banquet and invited Zhou Xing to his home. Two people, you persuade me to drink and chat while drinking. After drinking for three rounds, Lai Junchen sighed and said: "Brother, I usually deal with cases, and I often encounter some criminals who refuse to plead guilty. I wonder what I can do?" Zhou Xing said proudly: "This is not easy to handle!" He took a sip from his wine glass. Lai Junchen immediately pretended to be sincere and said: "Oh, please give me some advice quickly."Zhou Xingyin said with a smile: "You find a big urn, heat it with charcoal fire on all sides, and then let the prisoner enter the urn. Think about it, what other prisoner would not confess? "Lai Junchen nodded in agreement, and then ordered someone to bring a big urn, and lit charcoal fire around it as Zhou Xing said. Then he turned back to Zhou Xing and said, "Someone in the palace has accused you of treason. I have been ordered to investigate strictly. . Sorry, please get into the jar now. "When Zhou Xing heard this, the wine glass in his hand fell to the ground, and then he fell to his knees with a plop, kowtowed repeatedly and said: "I am guilty, I am guilty, and I confess. "

56. Draw inferences from one instance (Confucius)

[Interpretation] Anti: Analogy. Analogy from one thing to know many similar things. It is a metaphor for being good at learning; being able to reach from here to there.

[Yu Chu] "The Analects of Confucius. Shuer": " If you take one corner and don't use three corners to reverse it, it will never happen again. "

[Distinguish form] reverse; cannot be written as "return".

[Similar meaning] Integrate and comprehend, draw parallels by analogy

[Antonym] Swallow the jujube without asking for a deeper explanation, just try and stop

[Usage] Used in a complimentary sense. Often used in conjunction with "draw by analogy". Generally used as a predicate, attributive, Adverbial.

[Structure] Combined.

[Discrimination] ~ and "analogy"; both mean that as long as you understand a certain aspect of things, you can understand other things of the same type; but sometimes they can be used together. ; Refers to knowing something by analogy; others here are not limited to the same kind; "by analogy" focuses on "bypassing"; refers to being able to understand similar things

[idiom story]

One day, "the most holy teacher". Confucius said to his students: "If you take one corner and don't use three corners to reverse it, you will never recover. "It means that if I give a corner, you should be able to flexibly infer the other three corners. If you can't, I won't teach you anymore.

Later, everyone changed this passage from Confucius into It has become the idiom of "drawing inferences from one example", which means that when you learn one thing, you can think flexibly and apply it to other similar things!

57, Xiao Gui Cao Sui (Xiao He, Cao Shen)

[Interpretation] Xiao He decided Policies, rules and regulations; Cao Shen inherits them all. Xiao: Xiao He; Prime Minister in the early Western Han Dynasty; Gui: Rules; Regulations; Cao: Cao Shen; After Xiao He's death; Successor as Prime Minister; Sui: Follow; Follow. .

[Words come out] "Jie Mo" by Yang Xiong of the Han Dynasty: "The husband is Xiao and Cao follows him; Liu Hou makes plans; Chen Ping is surprising; his merit is like Mount Tai; his sound is like Di X." "

[authentic pronunciation] Sui; cannot be read as "shuí".

[form identification] Sui; cannot be written as "who".

[short meaning] stick to the old ways and remain stuck in the past as always

[Antonym] promote the advantages and eliminate the disadvantages of the old and establish the new

[Usage] metaphor for the perfection of future generations Handle affairs according to the rules of the previous generation.

[Structure] Subject-predicate form.

[Idiom story]

Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty saw Prime Minister Cao inviting people to drink and chat all day long. It seemed that Emperor Hui didn't care about running the country for him. He was puzzled and couldn't think of a reason. He just thought that Cao Xiangguo thought he was too young and looked down on him, so he was unwilling to do his best to assist Hui. Emperor Hui thought about it and always felt uncertain and a little anxious.

One day, Emperor Hui said to Cao Yao (son of Cao Shen), who was a senior official in the court: "When you go home on vacation, try it when you have the opportunity." Now ask your father, and you should say: "Gaozu has just died, and the current emperor is young and has no experience in governing the government. He is asking the prime minister to provide more assistance and work together to handle the state affairs." But now, as the prime minister, you drink and chat with people all day long, without asking the emperor for instructions and reporting on government affairs; and secondly, you don't ask about the important affairs of the court. If this continues, how can you manage the country well and appease the people? ’ After you finish asking, let’s see what your father’s answer is, and tell me when he comes back. But don’t say that I asked you to ask him. "Cao Yao accepted the emperor's order, went home on vacation, and found an opportunity. While serving his father, he chatted with his father according to the order of Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty, and persuaded Cao Shen.After hearing what his son said, Cao Shen lost his temper and cursed Cao Yao: "What do you know about government affairs? Is it your responsibility to talk about these things? Or is it your responsibility to take care of them? Why don't you go back to the palace quickly?" Serve the Emperor." He scolded and picked up the board and beat his son hard.

After being beaten and scolded by his father, Cao Yao returned to the palace dejectedly and complained to Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty. After hearing this, Emperor Hui became even more confused. He didn't know why Cao Shen was so angry.

At court the next day, Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty kept Cao Shen and scolded him: "Why did you beat Cao Yao? What he said was my intention, and I asked him to persuade you." Cao Shen After hearing Emperor Hui's words, he immediately took off his hat, knelt on the ground and kowtowed repeatedly to apologize. After Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty called him up, he said, "If you have any ideas, please tell me!" Cao Shen thought for a moment and boldly replied to Emperor Hui: "Your Majesty, please think carefully. Compared with the late emperor, who is better than you?" Who is more wise and brave?" Emperor Hui immediately said: "How dare I compare with the late emperor?" Cao Shen asked again: "Your Majesty, who is better in terms of virtue and talent than Xiao He?" Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty said with a smile: "I think you are not as good as Xiao Xiangguo."

Cao Shen took over Emperor Hui's words and said: "Your Majesty is very correct. Since your talents are not as good as those of the late emperor, and my virtue and talent are not as good as those of Xiao Xiangguo, then the late emperor and Xiao Xiangguo After unifying the world, many clear and complete laws were enacted one after another, and they were all effective in implementation. Can we still formulate laws and regulations that surpass them?" Then he said to Emperor Hui sincerely: "Now His Majesty is inheriting the business, not starting a business. Therefore, those of us who are ministers should abide by the late emperor's wishes, work prudently, and abide by our duties. We should not make arbitrary changes to the laws and regulations that have been formulated and implemented. , I can only follow the instructions. Isn’t it good for me to act according to the rules now?” After hearing Cao Shen’s explanation, Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty said, “I understand, you don’t have to say anything anymore!”

Cao Shen served as prime minister in the imperial court for three years. He strongly advocated tranquility and doing nothing without disturbing the people, and governed the country in accordance with the laws and regulations formulated by Xiao He, which led to political stability, economic development, and people's living standards in the Western Han Dynasty. After his death, the people made up a ballad to praise him: "Xiao He made the law clear and neat; after Cao Shen took over, he abided by it without deviation. The administration was quiet and the people were happy." It is known as "Xiao He followed Cao Shen" in history.

58, Badou Zhicai (Cao Zhi)

[Interpretation] Badou: refers to quantity; Cai: talent. In the old days, it was a metaphor for rich talents and rich knowledge; there were many and beautiful poems.

[Words come out] Qing Dynasty. Liang Qichao's "Poetic Talk in the Drinking Ice Room? 24": "It was only one month after I returned; I passed away suddenly; I was only more than a weak crown ear. I had the talent of eight fights; I drank the hatred of ten thousand dendrobiums."

[ Correct pronunciation] Dou; cannot be pronounced as "dòu".

[distinguishing form] talent; cannot write "财".

[Simplicity] Talented and talented Wenjiang Xuehai

[Antonym] Chest without any ink embroidery pillow

[Usage] A term used to praise the literati's wealth of talent and learning. Generally used as an attributive.

[structure] is more formal.

59, Lu Hai Pan Jiang (Lu Ji, Pan Yue)

[Interpretation] It is a metaphor for great literary talent.

[Speech out] Volume 1 of Liang Zhongrong's "Poetry" of the Southern Dynasties: "Yu Chang said that the talents of the land are like the sea, and the talents of the Pan are like the river."

[Usage] Combined form; as object; metaphor of a person with literary talents

60, raising a case with eyebrows (Meng Guang, Liang Hong)

[Interpretation] Case: a pallet with legs. Liang Hong and Meng Guang in the Han Dynasty were a loving couple; when Meng Guang served Liang Hong a meal, he always raised the plate as high as his eyebrows to show respect for Liang Hong. Later it was used to describe the mutual respect and love between husband and wife.

[Quote] "Book of the Later Han Dynasty. Biography of Liang Hong": "I rent a pound for others; every time I return home, my wife is a food; I dare not look up in front of him; I raise my eyebrows when raising the case."

[Authentic pronunciation] Ji; cannot be read as "jù". [Distinguish form] Case; cannot be written as "安".

[Synonym] Heart to heart, respect each other like a guest, husband and wife singing together [Antonym] The piano and the segue are not in harmony

[Usage] Mostly used in written language. Generally used as predicate, object, and attributive. [Structure] Subject-predicate formula.

[Idiom Story]

Liang Hong, whose courtesy name was Boluan, was born in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He was originally from Pingling (now northwest of Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province). His family was very poor when he was young. Due to his hard work and studiousness, he later became very knowledgeable.But he was unwilling to be an official. He and his wife relied on their own labor and lived a simple and happy life.

Liang Hong's wife is the daughter of the Meng family in the same county as him. Her name is Meng Guang. She has dark skin and a strong body. She loves to work and does not have the habits of a young lady. It is said that the Meng family went through a lot of trouble in choosing a partner for their daughter. Thirty years old and not yet married. The main reason is not that most young masters think her appearance is not coquettish, but that she looks down on the coquettish appearance of those young masters. She herself proposed to marry a man like Liang Hong. Her parents had no choice but to ask someone to propose marriage to Liang Hong. Liang Hong also heard about Meng Guang's character and agreed.

When Meng Guang first married into Liang Hong's family, as a bride, she had to dress more beautifully, but Liang Hong ignored her for seven days in a row. On the eighth day, Meng Guang rolled up his hair, took off his jewelry, put on his common clothes and skirt, and began to work hard. Liang Hong was overjoyed and said, "Okay, this is my Liang Hong's wife!"

According to "Book of the Later Han? Biography of Liang Hong", after their marriage, Liang Hong and Meng Guang lived in seclusion in Baling (today's east of Chang'an County, Shaanxi Province). deep in the mountains. Later, he moved to Wudi (now Suzhou, Jiangsu). The two work together, help each other, love each other, and are extremely polite to each other. They really treat each other with respect. It is said that when Liang Hong returned home after working every day, Meng Guang always prepared the rice and vegetables, placed them on a tray, held them in both hands, raised them as high as his own eyebrows, and respectfully delivered them to Liang Hong. Liang Hong happily took it, and the two of them ate happily.

61, hanging beams and thorns (Su Qin, Sun Jing)

[interpretation] describes studying hard.

[Quote] Western Han Dynasty. Liu Xiang's "Warring States Policy. Qin Ce Yi": "(Su Qin) was about to fall asleep after reading, and he used the awl to stab his buttocks, and the blood flowed to the foot. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ban Gu's "Hanshu": "Sun Jingzi Wenbao is eager to learn and never sleeps morning and night. When you are tired and sleepy, tie your head with a rope and hang it from the roof beam. "

[Similar meaning] hanging head and thorns

[Usage] combined form; used as an attributive; describing hard study

[idiom story]

This idiom consists of two stories, and later generations combined these two stories into the idiom "hanging beams and thorns" , used to encourage people to study hard.

The story of "Xuanliang" is quoted in "Hanshu" in Volume 363 of "Taiping Yulan": In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a man named Sun Jing, who was a famous politician. His shallowness was not valued, and even his family looked down upon him, which greatly stimulated him and made up his mind to study seriously. He often closed the door and studied alone from morning to night, often forgetting to eat and sleep. After a long time, he was so tired that he dozed off. He was afraid that it would affect his study, so he came up with a special method. In ancient times, the man's hair was very long. , one end was firmly tied to the beam. When he fell asleep when he was tired from studying, the rope would hold his hair, which would cause pain to his scalp, and he would wake up immediately and continue studying.

The story of "thorns" can be found in "Warring States Policy Volume Three Qin One": During the Warring States Period, there was a man named Su Qin, who was also a famous politician. When he was young, he went to many places to work because of his lack of knowledge. After returning home, his family was very cold to him and looked down upon him. This greatly stimulated him and he often studied hard until late at night. He was very tired and often fell asleep. So he came up with a way to prepare an awl, and when he dozed off, he would prick his thigh with the awl. In this way, he would suddenly feel pain and wake up, and then continue to study.

62, Hang Yi Qi (Cui Hang). , Cui Hang) hàng xiè yī qì

[Interpretation] Hangzhou: the water vapor at night. This refers to Cui Hang, who was the examiner during the reign of Emperor Xizong of the Tang Dynasty. He admitted a candidate named Cui Han, so some people joked that they were named separately. The two words "Han" and "瀣" are connected together, which is a metaphor for the combination of people with similar personalities. ; Cui Hang put Cui Hang on the list; the talker said, "The leader's disciples are colluding together." ’”

[positive pronunciation]沆; cannot be pronounced as “kēnɡ” or “kànɡ”.

[Distinguish form] Hang; cannot write "深"; Qi; cannot write "qi".

[Similar meaning] Working together in collusion [Antonym] Like-minded, sincere and united

[Usage] Contains a derogatory connotation. It is a metaphor for people with similar smells coming together. Generally used as predicate and object.

[structure] subject-predicate formula.

[idiom story]

In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, scholars who wanted to be officials had to pass the imperial examination. During the reign of Emperor Xizong of the Tang Dynasty, an examination was held in Chang'an, the capital city. Scholars from all over the country who had obtained certain qualifications came to Chang'an to take the examination. Among the many candidates, there was one named Cui Xun who was very talented and learned. He felt good after passing the exam and was waiting for the results to be released. The official who presided over this examination was named Cui Hang. He reviewed Cui Xun's papers. The more he read, the better he felt, so he admitted him. On the day the results were announced, Cui Xun was very happy to see that he was on the list. According to the custom at that time, those who passed the exam were regarded as the examiner's disciples, and the examiner was the head of the person who passed the exam, and everyone respected him as their mentor. After the results are released, the disciples will go to visit their mentor. Cui Xing is naturally no exception. As the host, Cui Hang seemed particularly happy to see Cui Sexun, a disciple with the same surname as himself. What a coincidence, the two characters "Han" and "瀣" together form one word. It means water vapor, fog and dew at night, so I put these two words together into two sentences for fun: "The master and his disciples are working together." It means that the teacher and student are like the water vapor, fog and dew at night. The fog and dew are connected together.

63, Jiang Lang’s talents are exhausted (Jiang Yan)

[Interpretation] Jiang Lang: Jiang Yan, a literary scholar of Liang Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties; rarely has a literary name; literary thought declines in his later years; talent: talent; exhaustion: completion. Jiang Yan's literary thoughts were exhausted. The latter is a metaphor for people who have exhausted their literary ideas or run out of talents.

[Words come out] In the Southern and Northern Dynasties? Zhong Rong's "Poetry": "In the early days, Yan left Xuancheng County and stayed in Yeting. He dreamed of a beautiful husband and called himself Guo Pu. He said to Yan: 'I have a pen that has been with you for many years.' You can see it again. 'Yan Tan was in his arms; he got the five-color pen to teach it. It was later written as a poem; it is no longer an idiom; it is said in the past that 'Jiang Lang's talents are exhausted'"

[正音]lang; cannot be pronounced as "lǎnɡ".

[Shape identification]lang; cannot be written as "lang".

[Synonym] Guizhou donkey's skills are exhausted

[Antonym] Outstanding, first showing off

[Usage] Mostly used in written language. Any literary writer's work is much improved than the previous ones and can be described with this term. Generally used as predicate, attributive, and complement.

[structure] subject-predicate formula.

[idiom story]

During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, there was a man named Jiang Yan, who was a famous litterateur at that time. Jiang Yan was very talented when he was young. He could write articles and paint. But when he was old, he would always hold a pen and think for a long time, but he could not write anything. Therefore, people at that time rumored that one day, Jiang Yan was sleeping in the pavilion and had a dream. In the dream, a man named Guo Pu said to him: "I have kept a pen with you for many years. It is time to return it to me." Jiang Yan touched his arms and took out a pen. A five-color pen came, so he returned the pen to Guo Pu. From then on, Jiang Yan could no longer write beautiful articles. Therefore, people say that Jiang Lang's talents have been exhausted.

64, Seven Captures and Seven Verses (Zhuge Liang)

[Interpretation] During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang sent troops to the south and captured the local chief Meng Huo seven times and released him seven times, making him truly admit defeat and no longer be an enemy. It is a metaphor for using strategies to convince the other party.

[Quotes] Jin. Chen Shou's "Three Kingdoms? Shu Chronicles? Zhuge Liang Biography": "Liang led all the southern expeditions, and the autumn was peaceful." Pei Songzhi's note quoted "Han Jin Spring and Autumn": "Liangxiao, even if there is more fighting, seven vertical Seven captures, but Liang is still captured. "

[Usage] Combined form; used in clauses and adverbials; metaphorical use of strategies to convince the opponent.

[Idiom story]

In 225 AD, Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of the Shu Han Dynasty, led his army to the south in order to consolidate the rear. levy. Just when they were ready to withdraw their troops, Meng Huo, the leader of the Yi people in the south, gathered the defeated soldiers to attack the Shu army.

Zhuge Liang learned that Meng Huo was not only brave in battle, strong-willed, but also loyal to others. He was very popular among the Yi people. Even many people among the Han people admired him, so he decided to win him over.

Although Meng Huo was brave, he was not good at using troops.When he went into battle for the first time, he saw that the Shu soldiers were defeated and retreated. He thought that the Shu soldiers were no match for him and desperately pursued him. As a result, he broke into an ambush and was captured. Meng Huo believed that he would be executed by Zhuge Liang, so he told himself that he must die like a good man and not be embarrassed. Unexpectedly, Zhuge Liang personally untied him and persuaded him to submit. Meng Huo was dissatisfied with this failure and arrogantly refused. Shuge Liang did not force him, but accompanied him to see the military camp that had been arranged, and then specifically asked him: "How do you think the military camp is arranged?"

Meng Huo watched carefully, and he found that the military camp was full of people. The old and weak soldier said bluntly: "I didn't know your true and false before, so I won for you once. Now that I have seen your military camp, if it is like this, it is not difficult to win against you!"

Zhuge Liang did not explain, and smiled. Let Meng Huo go back. He expected that Meng would be allowed to steal the camp tonight and immediately arranged an ambush.

After Meng Huo returned, he proudly told his subordinates that the Shu army was all old and weak, and the layout of the military camp had been clearly seen.

That night, Meng Huo selected five hundred swordsmen and axemen and quietly entered the Shu army camp without any obstruction. Meng Huo was secretly happy, thinking that success was imminent. Unexpectedly, the Shu army ambushed and Meng Huo was captured again.

Meng Huo was captured one after another and no longer dared to act recklessly. He led all the troops to retreat to the south bank of the Hu River, only defending but not attacking. When the Shu soldiers arrived at the Hu River, they couldn't cross without a boat. The weather was hot and there were many difficulties. "Zhuge Liang ordered to build some wooden rafts and bamboo rafts, and sent a small number of soldiers to pretend to cross the river. But when they reached the center of the river, they immediately retreated when they encountered arrows shot from the other side, and then went to cross the river again. At the same time, he divided the army into two groups and went around to the upper reaches. Later, Meng Huo was captured again, but Zhuge Liang still refused to kill him. He later let him go. Some of the soldiers did not understand Zhuge Liang's behavior, thinking that he was being kind and lenient to Meng Huo. Zhuge Liang explained to everyone: "If our army wants to completely pacify the south, we must reuse people like Meng Huo." . If he can sincerely contact the southerners to serve the imperial court, he can be worth a hundred thousand troops. If you work harder now, you won't have to come here to fight again in the future. "

After Meng Huo was captured and released this time, he decided not to fight against the Shu soldiers. But as time went by, the camp was about to run out of food. He sent someone to borrow food from Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang agreed, but asked Meng Huo to come out in person. Meng Huo defeated several Shu generals in a one-on-one duel, but when he reached a large pile of grain, he was tripped by a horse rope and was captured. The Shu general immediately sent an order to Ge Liang to send Meng Huo back. Move the food away.

Under this situation, Meng Huo finally admired Zhuge Liang from the bottom of his heart. In order to get all the tribes to submit to Shu, he invited the leaders of each tribe and took them into battle. However, they were led into an ambush by Shu soldiers. , Catch them all in one fell swoop. Word came out from the Shu camp that Meng Huo should wait for his return. Many leaders asked Meng Huo to decide what to do. Meng Huo said with tears: "In the battle, there were seven escapes and seven captures." Caught back seven times), which has not been heard of since ancient times. The Prime Minister has shown no mercy to us, and I have no shame in going back. "

65, Mao Sui recommends himself (Mao Sui)

[Interpretation] Mao Sui: a retainer of Lord Pingyuan of the State of Zhao during the Warring States Period; recommend: recommend; recommend. Mao Sui recommends himself. Describes volunteering to do something.

[Explanation] "Historical Records" 0. The Biography of Pingyuan Jun Yuqing: "There is a man in the family who has Mao Sui. He praised Pingyuan Jun and said: 'Then I heard that you will join forces with Chu. I made an appointment with twenty people from the diner's family, but I didn't go outside." There is only one less person. I hope you will prepare your troops immediately. '"

[positive pronunciation] Sui; cannot be read as "suí". [Distinguish form] Sui; cannot be written as " Zhu".

[Similar meaning] volunteer [Antonym] feel ashamed

[Usage] as an object; generally used in " After verbs such as "dare", "brave" and "think". Generally used as predicate, object and attributive.

[Analysis] ~ is different from "volunteer": ~ has the meaning of self-recommendation; "volunteers" contains the initiative of oneself It means to take on something. [Example] At the election meeting; Xiao Ming ~ to be the squad leader.

[idiom story]

In the Spring and Autumn Period, the Qin army defeated the Zhao army on the Changping front line. Bai Qi, the leader of the Qin army, led his troops to pursue the victory and surrounded Handan, the capital of Zhao.

At present, the enemy is in great danger, and the situation in Zhao State is extremely critical. Pingyuan Jun Zhao Sheng, on the order of King Zhao, went to Chu State to ask for troops to relieve the siege. Mr. Pingyuan gathered his retainers and wanted to select 20 civil and military talents to go with him. He picked again and again, and finally there was still one person missing. At this time, the retainer Mao Sui recommended himself and said, "Let me be one of them!" Lord Pingyuan reluctantly agreed after seeing Mao Sui's repeated requests.

When he arrived at Chu State, the King of Chu only received Pingyuan Jun alone. The two sat in the temple and talked about it from morning to noon, but there was no result yet. Mao Sui strode up the steps and shouted loudly from a distance: "The matter of sending troops is either beneficial or harmful, and whether it is harmful or beneficial, it is simple and clear. Why can't it be decided after discussion?" King Chu was very angry and asked Lord Pingyuan. "Who is this person?" Lord Pingyuan replied: "This person's name is Mao Sui, and he is my retainer!" King Chu shouted: "Quickly get off! I'm talking to your master, what are you doing here?" Mao Sui saw Chu The king was angry. Instead of retreating, he went up several more steps. He pressed the sword with his hand and said: "Now within ten steps, the king's life is in my hands!" Seeing Mao Sui's bravery, the King of Chu did not scold him anymore and listened to Mao Sui's speech. Mao Sui made a very incisive analysis of the reason why sending troops to capture and aid Zhao was beneficial to Chu. Mao Sui's words convinced the King of Chu and he agreed to send troops immediately. Within a few days, Chu, Wei and other countries jointly sent troops to aid Zhao. The Qin army retreated. After Lord Pingyuan returned to Zhao, he treated Mao Sui as an honored guest. He sighed and said: "As soon as Mr. Mao arrived in Chu, the King of Chu did not dare to underestimate Zhao."

66, Iron pestle becomes a needle (Li Bai)

[Interpretation] It is a metaphor that as long as you have perseverance and are willing to work hard, things will succeed.

[Words come out] Ming Dynasty. Zheng Zhizhen's "Mu Lian Saves His Mother? Four? Liu Shizhaini": "It is like an iron pestle grinding a needle; a strong heart will make the needle sharp."

[authentic] pestle; cannot be pronounced as "wǔ" . [Shape identification] pestle; cannot write "Xu".

[Synonym] Persistence [Antonym] Give up halfway

[Usage] Used as a compliment. Generally used as predicate and object. [Structure] Subject-predicate formula.

[Analysis] ~ and "perseverance" both describe perseverance and perseverance; but ~ is more vivid than "perseverance".

[Idiom Story] Li Bai, the famous poet of the Tang Dynasty, didn't like studying when he was a child. He often skipped school and wandered on the streets.

One day, Li Bai did not go to school again. He wandered around on the street and looked around, and unknowingly arrived outside the city. The warm sunshine, cheerful birds, and flowers and plants swaying in the wind made Li Bai sigh, "With such good weather, how boring would it be to read in the house all day?"

As he walked, he sat at the door of a broken thatched hut. An old woman with white hair was grinding an iron pestle as thick as a stick. Li Bai walked over and said, "Old woman, what are you doing?"

"I want to grind this iron pestle into an embroidery needle." The old woman raised her head, smiled at Li Bai, and then lowered her head to continue grinding.

"Embroidery needle?" Li Bai asked again: "Is it an embroidery needle used for sewing clothes?"

"Of course!"

"But when the iron pestle is so thick, when can it be ground into a thin embroidery needle?"

Old woman He asked Li Bai: "A drop of water can wear through a stone, a foolish old man can move a mountain, why can't an iron pestle be ground into an embroidery needle?"

"But you are so old?"

"As long as I work harder than others, there is no need. Things that can't be done."

The old woman's words made Li Bai feel ashamed, so he never skipped school again after he returned. I also studied very hard every day, and finally became a poet who will be famous throughout the ages.

67, Mo Xuyou (Qin Hui)

[Explanation] The original meaning is that maybe there is. Hind refers to fabrication out of thin air.

[Quote] "History of the Song Dynasty. Biography of Yue Fei": "Although Fei Ziyun and Zhang Xianshu are unknown, their facts are unnecessary."

[Usage] contraction form; used as predicate, complement, attributive; refers to the fabrication of false accusations out of thin air

from "Song Dynasty" "History" Yue Fei Biography, Yue Fei Biography Yue Fei was arrested, and when the case was about to be completed, Han Shizhong refused to accept it and asked Qin Hui for questioning. Qin Hui said that although the reactionary letter written by Yue Fei's son Yue Yun to Zhang Xian could not be found, "the details of it are unfounded."Han Shizhong said: "How can Mo Xuyou conquer the world with three words?" This was the beginning of Mo Xuyou's attention.

Chinese intellectuals read ancient books, shake their heads, and pretend to be knowledgeable. In fact, they are really not good at reading ancient books because they are not good at reading and read randomly. Take the word "unnecessary" as an example. Everyone interprets it as meaning "no", which makes no sense at all. Qin Huiruo blatantly said that "there is no reason" is "no", which is tantamount to slandering Yue Fei without evidence, and tantamount to openly admitting that he has acted nonsense. How can such a thing happen in the world? Everyone in Chinese intellectuals has read the "History of the Song Dynasty" Yue Fei's biography, but no one understands why this explanation doesn't make sense. What a jerk.

Finally, one or two people who dared to ask questions came out. In "Zizhi Tongjian Houbian", Xu Qianxue said that the word "no need to have" was wrong, and it should be "must have"; Bi Yuan, in "Zi Zhi Tongjian Kao Yi", used "Zhongxing Notes Benmo" circumstantial evidence, I think it should be "must have"; Zhu Yizun said that this is correct. But what is the basis for changing the word "mo" to the word "bi"? The word "mo" and the word "bi" are obviously two different words! In view of this, Yu Zhengxie believed in the "Guisi Cunkuo" that the three words "Mo, Xuyou" should be interpreted literally, and that the punctuation should be "Mo, Xuyou". "Mo" means Qin Hui's hesitation, and "should have" means it must be there. "Shizhong cut off his words and combined them to slander Hinoki." Although Yu Zhengxie's explanation does not involve the problem of privately modifying ancient books, it does have the problem of messing up ancient books, which still does not make sense.

In fact, the word "unnecessary" was used by the people of the Song Dynasty. We should find circumstantial evidence from the books of the people of the Song Dynasty. This is the authentic way to solve the problem. In the books written by people from the Song Dynasty, I found that there is a saying in "Records of the Years since Jianyan" that "there is no need to summon two or three major future leaders"; in "Qu Zhuo Old News" there is a saying that "there is no need to wait for the introduction of Fu's participation in the report"; There is a saying in "Tiewei Shan Cong Tan" that "there is no need to ask him whether"; in "Praise to Baozhenzhai Dharma Book" there is a saying that "there is no need to argue with him clearly"; in "Legend Yi Jian Zhi" there is a saying that "there is no need to thank Shangshu" "No"; there is a saying in "Si Ling Lu" that "it is not necessary to approve"; there is a saying in "The Complete Works of Houcun" that "it is not necessary to have someone". ... From these colloquial expressions of the Song Dynasty, we can conclude that the semantic meaning of "Mosu" turns out to be "isn't it" or "isn't it". The word "no need to have" turns out to mean "isn't there?" Corroborating the original text of "History of the Song Dynasty": "The general in prison, Han Shizhong, was unjust. He asked Hui to interrogate the truth. Hui said: 'Although Fei Ziyun and Zhang Xianshu are unknown, there is no reason to know what happened.'" Translated into modern words, it is clearly " Isn't there any crime against Yue Fei?" He said in an arrogant tone. This tone is exactly what the tit-for-tat dialogue was like at that time, and it makes sense to explain the words "unnecessary" in this way. . "

68, peach and plum all over the world (Di Renjie)

[Explanation] It is a metaphor for a person who has many students; they are found everywhere. Peach and plum: peach trees and plum trees; it is a metaphor for the students taught by the teacher.

[Speech out] Tang Bai Juyi's "Spring Harmony Ling" "Planting Flowers in Gonglu Yetang": "If you make the world full of peaches and plums, why should you plant more flowers in front of the hall?" "

[Distinguish form] Li; cannot be written as "Li". [Similar meaning] All over the world

[Usage] Used as a compliment. It is often used to praise teachers or schools. Generally used as a predicate. [Structure] Complex sentence pattern.

[Idiom story]

When Wu Zetian was emperor in the Tang Dynasty, there was a prime minister named Di Renjie, named Huaiying, who was from Taiyuan (now part of Shanxi). This man was highly virtuous and dared to speak out and was highly appreciated by Wu Zetian. When he came to the throne, Di Renjie (who was over eighty years old) did not call him by his first name. Even when he went to court, Wu Zetian would not let him kneel down, saying: "My whole body hurts when I see Duke Di bowing down." Wu Zetian often said to other ministers: "No." Don't trouble Mr. Di on particularly important military and state matters. "

In order to consolidate her rule, Wu Zetian took various measures to recruit talents and asked Di Renjie to recommend talents who could serve as generals. Di Renjie recommended dozens of people, including Zhang Jianzhi and Yao Chong, who later became many Someone said to Di Renjie: "You are a great person. You have recommended all the talented ministers in the court. You are really full of talents." Di Renjie said: "Recommending talented people to serve the country is not for personal gain. It is what I should do.""

In 700 AD, ninety-three-year-old Di Renjie died of illness, and Wu Zetian cried bitterly. From then on, whenever there was a major issue in the court and no one could solve it, Wu Zetian often sighed and said: "Why did God take away me so early? The old man of the country! ”

69, Qu Gao He Wu (Song Yu)

[Interpretation] Qu: music. Gao: elegant. He: sing along harmoniously. Widow: few. The higher the style of the music, the fewer people can sing along. The original metaphor is that it is difficult to have a close friend. Look for. Now it is often used to describe extraordinary words and deeds, elegant and profound works of art; it is difficult for people to understand or accept it.

[Yu Chu] "Asking the King of Chu" by Song Yu in the Warring States Period: "It is the music that makes it so high; the harmony that makes it so rare." . "

[positive pronunciation] Qu; cannot be pronounced as "qū"; and; cannot be pronounced as "hé".

[Shape identification] and; cannot be written as "合".

[Synonym] Yangchun Baixue

[Antonym] Lower Riba people

[ Usage] Mostly used as predicates, attributives, and clauses.

[Idiom Story]

Song Yu was a famous writer in the Chu State during the Warring States Period, and he once worked under King Xiang of Chu. , King Chu Xiang asked him: "Sir, have you behaved inappropriately recently? Why do people have so many bad comments about you?" Song Yu replied nonchalantly: "Hey, yes, there is such a thing. Please forgive me, Your Majesty, and listen to me tell a story: Recently, a guest came to our Yingdu to sing. He started singing the very popular "Xia Li" and "Ba Ren", and thousands of people in the city sang along with him. Then he sang "Yang'a" and "Xilu" which were relatively popular. There were far fewer people in the city singing with him than at the beginning, but there were still hundreds of people. Later, when he sang "Yangchun" and "White Snow", which were relatively difficult songs, there were only a few dozen people in the city singing with him. Finally, he sang the elegant Shang Yin and Yu Yin, mixed with the fluent Zheng Yin, and there were only a few people in the city singing along. Speaking of this, Song Yu said to the King of Chu: "It can be seen that the more elegant the tune is, the fewer people can sing along." Saints have wonderful thoughts and expressions, so they are beyond ordinary people. How can ordinary people understand what I do?" King Chu heard this and said, "Oh! I understand! "

70. Opening the book is beneficial (Taizong of the Song Dynasty)

[Interpretation] Opening the book: opening the book; benefit: benefit; harvest. Open the book and read, and you will gain something.

[Speech out] "Mianshui Yan Tan Lu" by Wang Pizhi of the Song Dynasty: "Taizong read the third volume of "(Taiping) Yulan" on a day-to-day basis. There was a gap (missing) due to things. He made up for it in his spare time. He tasted and said: "It is useful to open the book. I don't think it is a trouble." '"

[authentic pronunciation] volume; cannot be read as "juǎn". [Discrimination] volume; cannot be written as "coupon". [Synonym] Reading is useless

[Usage] Generally used to refer to reading books with healthy content; there will be Benefits. Generally used as objects, attributives, and clauses.

[idiom story]

In the early years of the Song Dynasty, Song Taizong Zhao Guangyi and others compiled a large-scale classification encyclopedia-"Taiping General Classification". The book collects and excerpts the important contents of more than 1,600 ancient books, classified into 55 categories, and has a total of 1,000 volumes.

This book was compiled during the Taiping and Xingguo years of the Song Dynasty. Therefore, it was named "Taiping General Class". For such a masterpiece, Song Taizong stipulated that he should read at least two or three volumes every day and read them all within a year, so he changed the name to "Taiping Yulan". When spending energy to read this huge book, someone once felt that the emperor had to deal with so many national affairs every day and it was too hard to read such a big book, so they advised him to read less, and he did not necessarily have to read it every day, so as not to Too much work.

However, Song Taizong replied: "I like reading very much. I often get pleasure from books. Reading more books will always be beneficial. Besides, I don't feel tired." "

Therefore, he still insisted on reading three volumes every day. Sometimes he would take time to make up for the delay due to busy state affairs. He often said to the people around him: "As long as you open the book, it will always be beneficial. "

Song Taizong read three volumes of "Taiping Yulan" every day, so he was very knowledgeable and could handle national affairs very well.The ministers at that time saw that the emperor was so diligent in studying, so they also studied hard. Therefore, the trend of reading was very strong at that time. Even the prime minister Zhao Pu, who usually did not study, also tirelessly read "The Analects of Confucius". There is a saying that "half of the Analects rules the world". Later, "opening a book is beneficial" became an idiom, describing that as long as you open a book and read, it will always be beneficial.

71. Cut a small hole in the wall to steal light (Kuang Heng)

[Definition] Cut a small hole in the wall; steal the light from the neighbor's house to read. Describes persistence in studying hard under difficult conditions.

[Quote] Ge Hong of Jin Dynasty's "Xijing Miscellaneous Notes": "Kuang Heng's courtesy name is Zhi Gui; he studies diligently but has no candle; his neighbor has a candle but cannot catch it; the scale passes through the wall to draw light; he reads by reflecting the light with a book."

[ Zhengyin] wall; cannot be written as "bi". [Similar meaning] Capsule firefly reflects snow, guides light through the wall

[Usage] Used as a compliment. Dedicated to learning. Generally used as attributive and adverbial. [Structure] Linked type.

[Idiom Story]

In the Western Han Dynasty, there was a farmer's child named Kuang Heng. He wanted to study very much when he was a child, but because his family was poor, he had no money to go to school. Later, he learned to read from a relative and gained the ability to read.

Kuang Heng couldn't afford books, so he had to borrow books to read. At that time, books were very valuable, and people who owned them would not lend them to others easily. Kuang Heng worked part-time for wealthy people during the busy farming season. He didn't pay any wages and only asked people to lend him books to read.

After a few years, Kuang Heng grew up and became the main labor force in the family. He worked in the fields all day long, and only had time to read a little while taking a break at noon, so it often took ten and a half days to finish a book. Kuang Heng was very anxious and thought to himself: I plant crops during the day and don’t have time to read. I can use more time at night to read. But Kuang Heng’s family was very poor and couldn’t buy oil for lighting lamps. What should he do?

One night, Kuang Heng was lying on the bed and reciting the books he had read during the day. Carrying it on my back, I suddenly saw a ray of light coming from the east wall. He stood up in a hurry, walked to the wall and took a look, ah! It turned out that what came through the cracks in the wall was the neighbor's light. So Kuang Heng thought of a way: he took a knife and dug a larger gap in the wall. In this way, the light that came through was also greater, so he leaned against the light that came through and read a book.

Kuang Heng studied hard in this way and later became a very knowledgeable person.

72, look at something with new eyes (Lu Meng)

[Definition] Get rid of the old views; look at it with new eyes.

[Quote] Song Dynasty Yang Wanli's "Send the Hometown Monk Delin to the Monastery and Return to Tiantong Mountain in the Summer": "I have been away from Lin Gong for twelve years, so I should look at you with admiration."

[Authentic] Xiang; cannot read As "xiànɡ". [Shape identification] scrape; cannot write "chaos".

[Synonym] Treat someone differently [Antonym] Treat them the same

[Usage] Mostly used for others who have made significant progress; we can no longer look at them with the same old eyes. Generally used as predicate and object.

[structure] More formal.

[Analysis] "~" and "wait and see" both mean "wipe your eyes and see". But "~" focuses on getting rid of old impressions and looking at it anew; "wait and see" focuses on waiting to see the development of something.

[idiom story]

When Lu Meng was a child, his family was very poor and he relied on his brother-in-law for financial support and had no chance to study. Later, he followed his brother-in-law to pay accounts and was very brave, and was finally appreciated by Sun Quan. Being illiterate, he thought he could conquer the world with his bravery. once. Sun Quan said to Lu Meng seriously: "You are now the pillar of the country, so you should study hard." Lu Meng replied with a smile: "I am fighting all day long and am very busy. How can I have time to study, haha." Sun Quan was very serious: "As a king, am I busier than you? I have read so many books. If it's not enough, it's very beneficial to take the time to read a lot of history books and military books. You see, Cao Cao is still very easy to learn now that he is so old. Don't take my words as a joke." From this point on, Lu Meng made up his mind. Be determined to read whenever you have time, and your knowledge will grow quickly. Once, Lu Su, a great intellectual at that time, discussed national affairs with Lu Meng. Lu Su was often asked by Lu Meng and didn't know how to answer.Lu Su happily patted Lu Meng's back gently and said: "I used to think that you, a rough guy, only had military skills, but now I know that you are very knowledgeable and have unique views. You are no longer the former Wu Xia ( The Amen of the Kingdom of Wu!" Lu Meng said with a confident smile: "I have been separated for three days, so you should look at me with admiration. How can you look at me with old eyes? Behind the enemy's rear; a tactic used to force an attacking enemy to withdraw his forces. Wei, Zhao: the names of the countries during the Warring States Period.

[Quote] Chapter 30 of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms": "Cao's army robs food; Cao Cao must go there in person; Cao will come out on his own; the stronghold will be empty; you can send troops to Cao Cao's stronghold first; Cao Cao will return quickly after hearing about it. This Sun Bin's plan to "encircle Wei and save Zhao" is "wei". "Wei" cannot be written as "flavor".

[Antonym] Besiege a city and support it, attack from the east and attack the west

[Usage] Used in the military. Generally used as predicate, object, and attributive.

[idiom story]

During the Warring States Period, Wei general Pang Juan led his army to besiege Handan, the capital of Zhao State. Zhao asked Qi for help, and the king of Qi ordered Tian Ji and Sun Bin to lead their troops to rescue him. Sun Bin believed that the main force of the Wei army was in Zhao and was internally empty, so he led troops to attack Daliang, the capital of Wei. As a result, the Wei army had to withdraw from Handan and return to save the country. When passing through the Guiling Pass, they were intercepted by Qi troops and almost completely wiped out. This allusion refers to the tactic of outflanking the enemy's rear to force it to withdraw its troops.

In 354 BC, the Wei army besieged Handan, the capital of Zhao. The two sides fought for more than a year, and Zhao declined and Wei was exhausted. At this time, Qi State responded to Zhao State's request for help and sent Tian Ji as general and Sun Bin as military advisor, leading 80,000 troops to rescue Zhao. Where to choose the direction of attack? At first, Tian Ji planned to go straight to Handan. Sun Bin believed that in order to untie the tangled threads, one should not forcefully pull them with hands. In order to break up other people's fights, one should not directly participate in them. When sending troops to relieve the siege, avoid the real situation and focus on the weak point, and hit the key points. He suggested to Tian Ji that the elite troops of Wei State are now concentrated in Zhao State, and the interior is empty. We can lead our troops to attack the main beams of Wei State's capital city, occupy its transportation arteries, attack its empty places, and attack Wei State. When the country's capital Daliang (now Kaifeng, Henan) marched, it would inevitably abandon Zhao and return to save itself. The Qi army took advantage of its exhaustion and met the enemy in Guiling, the pre-selected combat area, on its way back. The Wei army was defeated and the siege of Zhao was lifted. Sun Bin used the method of besieging Wei State to rescue Zhao State from danger. This was a very famous example of war in the history of our country, and was listed as an important one among the thirty-six strategies by later military strategists. The strategy of besieging Wei and rescuing Zhao, which avoids reality and avoids reality, has been appreciated by military strategists of all ages, and it still has its vitality.

74, A promise is worth a thousand gold (Ji Bu)

[Interpretation] A promise made is worth a thousand gold. A metaphor for keeping one's word; being extremely trustworthy.

[Quote] "Historical Records. Biography of Jibu": "It is better to get a hundred catties of gold than to get a promise from Jibu."

[positive pronunciation] promise; cannot be pronounced as "ruò". [Shape identification] Gold; cannot be written as "jin".

[Synonym] Be true to your word [Antonym] Be true to your word

[Usage] Often used together with "Be true to your word". Generally used as a predicate. [Structure] More formal.

[idiom story]

In the last years of the Qin Dynasty, there lived a man named Ji Bu in the Chu region. He was upright, chivalrous and helpful. As long as it was something he promised, no matter how difficult it was, he would try to do it and receive praise from everyone.

During the conflict between Chu and Han, Ji Bu was Xiang Yu's subordinate. He made several suggestions and defeated Liu Bang's army. After Liu Bang became emperor, he became very angry when he thought of this incident and ordered Ji Bu to be wanted. At this time, people who admired Ji Bu as a man were helping him secretly. Soon, Ji Bu disguised himself and went to work as a servant in a family named Zhu in Shandong. The Zhu family took him in even though they knew he was Ji Bu. Later, the Zhu family went to Luoyang to intercede with Liu Bang's old friend Ruyinhou Xia Houying. Liu Bang withdrew the wanted order against Ji Bu under Xia Houying's persuasion, and made Ji Bu a doctor, and soon became the governor of Hedong.

There was a fellow countryman of Ji Bu, Cao Qiusheng, who loved to associate with powerful officials to show off and promote himself. Ji Bu always looked down on him. When he heard that Ji Bu had become a high official again, he immediately went to see Ji Bu. When Ji Bu heard that Cao Qiusheng was coming, he grimaced and prepared to say a few words to prevent him from stepping down.Unexpectedly, as soon as Cao Qiusheng entered the hall, no matter how gloomy Ji Bu's face was and how unpleasant his words were, he immediately bowed and saluted to Ji Bu, wanting to reminisce with Ji Bu's family. And boasted:

"I heard that it is said everywhere in Chu that 'it is better to get Jibu Yinuo than to get a thousand taels of gold'. How can you have such a good reputation spread in Liang and Chu? We are both Fellow countryman, I have spread your good reputation everywhere, why don't you want to see me?" After hearing Cao Qiusheng's words, Ji Bu suddenly became happy and stayed with him for a few months as a distinguished guest. Before leaving, he also gave him a generous gift. Later, Cao Qiusheng continued to promote Ji Bu everywhere, and Ji Bu's reputation grew.

75. Killing his wife to save the general (Wu Qi)

Wu Qi is a defender, [1] good at using troops. He tried to learn from Zengzi and served the king of Lu. [3] The people of Qi attacked Lu, and Lu wanted to take Wu Qi. Wu Qi took Qi's daughter as his wife, but Lu was suspicious of her. Wu Qi then wanted to gain fame, so he killed his wife to show his disapproval. The soldiers of Lu thought they would be generals. The generals will attack Qi and defeat them greatly.

According to the records in "Historical Records Volume 65" written by Sima Qian of the Han Dynasty, during the Warring States Period, Wu Qi (378 BC - 378 BC) from Wei State served as an official in the three kingdoms of Lu, Wei and Chu. When he was in the state of Lu, the people of Qi came to attack the state of Lu. Because Wu Qi had certain generals, the State of Lu wanted to appoint him as a general and lead his troops to fight against the Qi army. However, because Wu Qi married a woman from Qi State, Lu State doubted his relationship with Qi State and hesitated to appoint him as a general. In this case, Wu Qi wanted to achieve his own fame, so he killed his wife to show that he had nothing to do with Qi. Lu finally appointed Wu Qi as general. After Wu Qi became a general, he led his troops to attack the Qi army and severely defeated the Qi state. This story shows that Wu Qi had the heart to kill his wife in order to achieve his own fame. This approach is not advisable. Later, "Killing one's wife to seek a general" was used as a metaphor for the behavior of pursuing fame and fortune without mercy.

76, arrogant at first and respectful at the end (Su Qin)

[Interpretation] At first, the attitude was arrogant; later, he was respectful and polite. The attitude before and after is completely different.

[Speech out] Ming Dynasty. Wu Chengen's "Journey to the West": "The traveler said: 'Don't dare! Don't dare! It's not that you are arrogant in front of you and respectful in the back; the old Sun has no stick now.'"

[正音] Arrogant; cannot be read as "jū".

[Shape Discrimination] Arrogant; cannot be written as "ju".

[Synonyms] Arrogant at the front and humble at the back

[Usage] Used in a derogatory sense. Mostly used for sarcasm. Generally used as predicate, adverbial, and attributive.

[structure] union.

[idiom story]

Su Qin traveled around the countries and explained his political opinions to the kings of various countries, but no king appreciated him. Su Qin had no choice but to be dejected and returned to his hometown of Luoyang wearing old clothes and worn shoes. Seeing that he was in such a miserable state, his family did not look down upon him. Su Qin's sister-in-law refused to cook for him and even scolded him severely.

This incident greatly stimulated Su Qin. After a year of painstaking speculation, Su Qin grasped the political situation at that time, and while traveling around the countries, he persuaded the six kingdoms of Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao, and Wei to "join forces to resist Qin, and After Su Qin returned home in robes, his relatives all "knelt down and thanked him four times", and his sister-in-law even "crouched like a snake" in front of him. At this scene, Su Qin said this to his sister-in-law: "Why was my sister-in-law so arrogant before and so respectful now? "

77, no learning and no skills (Huo Guang)

[Interpretation] Skill: technology; skill. No knowledge; no ability.

[Speech out] "Han Shu? Huo Guang Chuan Zan": "However, there is no skill in learning; dark in Dali. "

[positive pronunciation] technique; cannot be read as "sù". [shape identification] technique; cannot be written as "wood".

[Short meaning] Ignorant of eyes and chest without any ink [Antonym] Erudite and versatile

[Usage] Contains a derogatory connotation. Refers to a person who is uneducated and incompetent. Generally used as a predicate and attributive.

[idiom story]

When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was in power, the general Huo Guang was an important minister in the court and was deeply trusted by Emperor Wu. Before his death, he entrusted his youngest son Liu Fuling (Emperor Zhao) to Huo Guang's assistance. After Emperor Zhao's death, Huo Guang appointed Liu Xun as emperor (Emperor Xuan). Huo Guang held power in the government for more than 40 years and made great achievements for the king of the Western Han Dynasty. Meritorious service.

After Liu Xun ascended the throne, he made Concubine Xu the queen. Huo Guang's wife Huo Xian was a woman who coveted wealth. She wanted to marry her youngest daughter Chengjun to Liu Xun and become his queen, so she took advantage of the illness of Empress Xu and bribed a female doctor to poison Empress Xu to death. The vicious plot was exposed and the female doctor was imprisoned. Huo Guang didn't know anything about this in advance. Huo Xiancai told him only when the incident came out. Huo Guang was very frightened and accused his wife of doing such a thing. He also wanted to report it, but he couldn't bear the thought of his wife being punished. After much deliberation, he concealed this outrageous matter. After Huo Guang's death, someone reported the case to Emperor Xuan, who sent people to investigate and deal with it. Huo Guang's wife heard about it, discussed countermeasures with her family and cronies, and decided to summon the clan members to plot a rebellion. Not wanting the news to leak out, Emperor Xuan sent troops to surround the Huo family and kill everyone.

Ban Gu, a historian of the Eastern Han Dynasty, commented on Huo Guang's merits and demerits in "Hanshu Huo Guang Biography". It is said that he is "ignorant and has no skills, and is inferior to Dali", which means that Huo Guang does not study and has no knowledge, so he does not understand the truth related to the overall situation.

78, Three orders and five orders (Sun Wu)

[Explanation] Repeated orders and warnings. Order: order. Shen: Explanation.

[Quote] "Historical Records? Biography of Sun Tzu Wu Qi": "The king of Wu came out of the palace with a hundred and eighty beauties; Sun Tzu was divided into two teams;... He set up an iron ax; he ordered it three times and five times."

[Authentic pronunciation] Shen; It cannot be pronounced as "sēn". [Distinguish form] Shen; cannot write "deep".

[Synonym] Give orders and give thousands of instructions [Antonym] Be perfunctory

[Usage] Used as a compliment. Generally used as a predicate. [Structure] Union type.

[Analysis] ~ and "识谷 warning" both mean "advise; warn". However, it is generally an order or warning from a superior or an elder to a subordinate or junior; the attitude is serious and mandatory; while "earnest warning" can be a warning between people of the same level; the attitude is gentle; it is not mandatory. [Example] It is forbidden to occupy the road at will; the government has~; but a few vendors still go their own way.

[idiom story]

In the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a famous military scientist named Sun Wu. He took his "Sun Tzu's Art of War" to see the King of Wu in his house. After reading it, King Wu said: "I have read all your thirteen articles on the Art of War. Do you want to try it with my army?" Sun Wu said yes. King Wu asked again: "Is it okay to use women to test it?" Sun Wu also said it was okay. So King Wu summoned one hundred and eighty beauties from the palace and asked Sun Wu to train them.

Sun Wu divided them into two teams, using the two concubines favored by King Wu as captains, and asked each of them to hold a halberd. After the team stood up, Sun Wu asked: "Do you know how to turn forward and backward and turn left and right?" The female soldiers said, "Yes." Sun Wu said again: "Look at my heart when moving forward; look at my heart when turning left. My left hand; look to the right to look at my right hand; look to the back to look at my back." The female soldiers said, "I understand." So Sun Wu ordered the iron ax (a torture instrument used for killing people in ancient times) to be brought out and warned them again and again. After saying this, he beat the drum to give the command to turn right. Unexpectedly, the female soldiers not only failed to act according to the order, but actually laughed.

Sun Wu saw this and said: "The explanation is unclear and the explanation is unclear. It should be the fault of the generals." So he explained to them in detail what he had just said. Then beat the drum to give the command to turn left. The female soldiers still just laughed.

Sun Wu then said: "It is the general's fault that the explanation is unclear and the explanation is unclear. Since the explanation is clear and the order is not obeyed, it is the fault of the captain and the soldiers." After saying the order, the entourage pushed the two captains out and beheaded them. When the King of Wu saw that Sun Wu wanted to kill his beloved concubine, he hurriedly sent someone to intercede with Sun Wu, but Sun Wu said: "Since I have been appointed as a general, I will be in the army, and you will not accept your orders!" So he ordered the two female captains to beheaded. , and then appoint the two leaders as captains. From then on, the female soldiers practiced complex movements such as forward and backward, left and right, even kneeling and standing up, and no longer dared to play with it.

This story originally comes from "The Biography of Sun Tzu Wu Qi" in "Historical Records". Later, people extended Sun's repeated explanation to the female soldier as "three orders and five warnings", which means to warn people repeatedly

79, painstaking efforts (Li He)

[Interpretation] vomit: vomit; drain: drop. A metaphor for extremely hard work. Mostly used for literary and artistic creation or research. It also means expressing true feelings or embracing sincerity.

[Speech out] The poem "Return to Pengcheng" by Han Yu of the Tang Dynasty: "Cut the liver to make paper; drain the blood to make words."

[Correct pronunciation] Vomiting; cannot be pronounced as "ōu"; blood; cannot be pronounced as "xiě".

[Shape Discrimination] Vomit; cannot be written as "椤".

[Synonym] painstakingly crafted

[Antonym] careless and shoddy

[Usage] connotative meaning. Mostly used in literary creation; also suitable for other mental work. Mostly used in predicates, attributives, and adverbials.

[structure] union.

[Analysis] ~Differences from "searching for a long time":~It is mostly used for a longer period of time or a period of work; the meaning is heavy; "searching for a drying" is used for a shorter period of time; the meaning is lighter; neutral; both positive and negative Can be used in any situation.

[idiom story]

Li He, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, started writing poems and articles at the age of seven, and he was very talented. As an adult, he hoped that the court would reuse him. However, he never succeeded politically, so he had to devote his depressed mood to the creation of poetry. Every time he went out, he asked the book boy to carry a bag. As soon as he was inspired and came up with a few good poems, he would immediately write them down and reorganize and refine them when he returned home. His mother always said distressedly: "My son has put all his energy and effort into writing poetry. He really has to make his heart vomit before he stops!"

In his short 26-year career, Li He left behind He wrote more than 240 poems, which he composed with his lifelong efforts. Han Yu, a litterateur in the Tang Dynasty, once wrote two lines of poetry: "Cut the liver to use as paper, drain the blood to use as writing." That is to say, dig out the heart and liver to use as paper, and use the blood to write articles.

Later, people often used the metaphor of "painstaking efforts" to describe extremely hard work.

80. The buildings near the water get the moonlight first (Su Lin)

[Interpretation] The buildings near the water get the moonlight first. It is a metaphor for getting priority opportunities due to proximity.

[Speech] Yu Wenbao of the Song Dynasty "Qingye Lu": "Fan Wenzhenggong was in Qiantang, and all the soldiers were recommended. Su Lin, who was alone on inspection, did not see the record, so he wrote a poem saying: ' The building near the water gets the moon first, and the flowers and trees in the sun are more likely to be in spring. "The public recommends it."

[Similar meaning] Backing the mountain to eat the mountain, close to the water to eat the water, the building near the water

[Usage] Subject-predicate form; used as object, clause;

[idiom story] ]

Fan Zhongyan was a very famous politician and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. When he was young, his family was very poor, but he studied hard and was well-read. Later, he served as a high-status official such as You Si Jian, Zhizhou, and Shenzhen Zhizhi. He once wrote an eternal famous saying on Yueyang Tower: "Be worried about the world's worries first, and be happy after the world's happiness." As an important minister of the imperial court, Fan Zhongyan was extremely upright, courteous and especially good at selecting talents. When he was the prefect of Hangzhou, he cared about and helped the civil and military officials in the city. Many officials got positions where they could use their talents, so they were very grateful to Fan Zhongyan. There was an inspector named Su Lin who was not promoted by Fan Zhongyan because he worked in a county outside Hangzhou. Once, Su Lin met Fan Zhongyan on official business and took the opportunity to write a poem to Fan Zhongyan. There are two sentences in the poem: "The buildings near the water get the moon first, and the flowers and trees facing the sun are easy to spring." It is said that the buildings near the water can see the moon first, and the flowers and trees growing in the sunny place are easy to grow and bloom, showing the beauty of the moon. Spring scene. Su Lin used this to express his dissatisfaction, subtly pointing out that everyone close to Fan Zhongyan had benefited. Fan Zhongyan understood it and laughed loudly after reading it. Therefore, according to Su Lin's wishes, a suitable position was found for him.

81, Dong Shi Xiaofeng (东Shi)

[Explanation] Beauty Xi Shi frowned due to illness; she looked more beautiful. The ugly girl in the neighborhood (later called Dong Shi); imitated mechanically; also frowned; as a result, her grimace made her look even uglier (effect: imitation; frown: frown). Metaphor refers to imitating others regardless of specific conditions; imitating others without analysis; the result is counterproductive; it seems ridiculous.

[Shape identification] frown; cannot write "frequency".

[Synonym] Handan learns to learn from cats and tigers. Follow every step. You Meng's clothes are copied mechanically.

[Antonym] Choose the good and follow one's own past. Create a new path. Unconventional.

[Usage] Contains a derogatory connotation. Generally used as predicate, object, and attributive.

[structure] subject-predicate formula.

[idiom story]

Xi Shi is one of the "Four Beauties" in Chinese history. She is from the Yue country during the Spring and Autumn Period. Every move she makes is very attractive, but it is a pity that she is in poor health and suffers from heartache.

Once, she finished washing clothes by the river and was about to go home. On the way home, she suddenly felt pain in her chest, so she held her chest with her hands and frowned. Although she looked very uncomfortable, the villagers she met praised her and said she was more beautiful than usual.

There was a girl named Dong Shi in the same village. Because she was not good-looking, he saw that the people in the village praised Xi Shi for her beauty when she held her hands on her hands, so he also imitated Xi Shi and held her chest, wrinkled. She frowned and walked slowly in front of people, thinking that someone would praise her. She was ugly to begin with, and the weird way she deliberately imitated Xi Shi's movements and put on a show made people even more disgusted. Some people quickly closed the door after seeing it; some people hurriedly pulled their wives and children to hide away. They looked down on Dong Shi even more than before!

82, Lao Ji Fubao (Cao Cao) lǎo jì fú lì

[Interpretation] Ji: a thousand-mile horse; Laoji: a manger. Fufeng: Eat in the manger. Although the old horse is lying on the trough eating, it still wants to gallop thousands of miles. It is a metaphor that people still have ambitions when they are old.

[Speech out] The Three Kingdoms? Wei? Cao Cao's poem "Stepping out of the Xiamen": "The old man is in a state of war; his ambition is a thousand miles; the martyr is in his old age; his ambition is endless."

[Authentic] Ji; cannot be read as "jí"; Chen; cannot be read As "lí".

[Shape Distinguishing] Stupa; cannot be written as "li".

[Similar meaning] Lao Dang Yizhuang Zhuang Zhi Ling Yun

[Antonym] Old-fashioned and old-fashioned

[Usage] Contains a complimentary meaning. It is often used to describe ambitious older people. Often used together with "aim for thousands of miles". Generally used as predicate, attributive, object and clause.

[structure] subject-predicate formula.

83. Courage but no strategy (Lu Bu)

[Interpretation] Yong: courage; courage; strategy: strategy; strategy. Only courage; no strategy. Refers to doing things or fighting simply by rushing and striking with courage without careful consideration.

[Speech out] "On the Pros and Cons of Xihe and Huaixi" by Lu Zhi of the Tang Dynasty: "(King) Wu Junfan is of the same kind; brave but not resourceful."

[Authentic pronunciation] Strategy; cannot be pronounced as "mé".

[Shape identification] Scheme; cannot be written as "someone".

[Antonym] Brave, resourceful, wise and courageous

[Usage] Used in a derogatory sense. Generally used as predicates, attributives, and clauses.

[structure] union.

84. Ruan Fu is shy (Ruan Fu)

[Interpretation] Ruan Fu only keeps one money in his bag to "guard"; in order to avoid being shy; a metaphor for financial difficulties; having no money.

[Speech out] "Hu Tian Lu" written by Baiyi layman in the Qing Dynasty: "Ruan Nang is shy; he is in a dilemma."

[Authentic pronunciation] Ruan; cannot be pronounced as "yuán".

[Shape Distinguishing] Shame; cannot write "bad".

[Synonym] The bag is as empty as a bathroom, as if it is empty.

[Antonym] Rich and wealthy, heaps of gold and jade

[Usage] Used in a derogatory sense. Generally used as predicate and attributive.

[structure] subject-predicate formula.

[idiom story]

Yuan Yin Shifu's "Yunfu Qunyu. Qiyang" "A Money Bag": "﹝Jin﹞ Ruan Fu was holding a soap bag while visiting Kuaiji. A guest asked: 'What's in the bag?' Ruan Fu Said: 'But if you have money in your bag, you will be shy if you don't have money. '" Later, he took "Ruan's bag is shy" as a sign of being short of money and having no money. Wang Tao of the Qing Dynasty's "Songbin Trivial Stories? Golden Jade Chan": "For more than two months, Ruan's bag was shy, and he was sighing with joy." Ouyang Yuqian's "The Peach Blossom Fan" Act 1, Scene 3: "[Hou Chaozong]: 'The scholar's point' No. 1 scholar, there's no reason why you don't want to! It's just that I, Ruan Nang, am shy and embarrassed. '" is also pronounced as "Ruan Nang". Xuanding of the Qing Dynasty's "Ye Yu Qiu Deng Lu? Liu Ziyi Plaster": "After more than a year, the mother's gold was exhausted, and the Ruan bag was still there." Ke Ling's "Xiangxuehai? Xiaolanghua": "I also took out the shy Ruan bag from time to time and bought it from him. Eat one or two pieces of candy. "

85. Waiting for dawn (Liu Kun)

[Interpretation] Ge: an ancient weapon; similar to "spear"; Dan: dawn. Lying with his arms under his pillow; waiting for daybreak. Describes the eagerness to kill the enemy; unrelenting; always ready to fight.

[Quotes] "Book of Jin? Biography of Liu Kun": "I am waiting for the danger; I am ambitious and defy the captives; I am always afraid that my ancestors will be whipped before me."

[positive pronunciation] Ge; cannot be read as "ɡě". [Distinguish form] pillow; cannot be written as "chen" or "shen"; wait; cannot be written as "attendant".

[Antonym] To sit back and relax while drunk, dream and die [Usage] Used as Complimentary meaning. Generally used as predicate, attributive, and adverbial.

[Structure] Linked form. ～And "be prepared to be alert" means "to be alert; to wait for the enemy", but "be prepared to be prepared" focuses on being fully prepared. Prepare; prepare in a tight formation; wait for the incoming enemy; focus on eagerness to kill the enemy; refer to not letting down your guard even when sleeping; waiting to kill the enemy.

[idiom story]

Zu Ti and Liu Kun, both from the Western Jin Dynasty, have the same character. He was a cheerful, righteous and chivalrous man. When he was young, he not only wrote well, but also liked to practice martial arts and was determined to serve his motherland. Ti and Liu Kun were always very generous when talking about the country's situation, and they often talked until late at night.

One day, Zu Ti was very excited about talking to Liu Kun. Liu Kun fell asleep at some point, but Zu Ti was immersed in the conversation for a long time. In the excitement, he couldn't fall asleep. "Oh, oh, oh -" the rooster on the wasteland crowed. Zu Ti jumped up and kicked Liu Kun awake: "Listen, this rooster's crow is so inspiring. Yeah, get up and practice your sword! "So, the two took up swords and danced against each other on the high slope. From then on, when they heard the first cry every morning, they would come to the wilderness to practice their swords.

Liu Kun was deeply impressed by Zu Ti's patriotic enthusiasm. He was deeply moved and determined to devote himself to his ancestors. Once he wrote in a letter to his family: "In times of national crisis, I often sleep with my arms on my head until dawn. I am determined to serve the country, and I often worry about falling behind my ancestors. I don’t want him to come in front of me after all! …”

86, Rare goods can be lived in (Lu Buwei)

[Interpretation] Rare goods: rare goods; Habitat: hoarding. Hoarding rare goods in order to sell them at a high price. It is a metaphor for obtaining fame, wealth and other benefits by relying on skills or something. [Quote] "Historical Records? Biography of Lu Buwei": "Zi Chu... lived in a poor place and was unhappy. Lu Buwei came to Handan and took pity on him and said: 'This is a strange thing to live in.' '"

[authentic pronunciation] strange; cannot be read as "jī". [identification] goods; cannot be written as "loan".

[short meaning] hoarding and living in strange places [antonymy] precious goods are difficult to sell

[usage] used in a derogatory sense. Mostly used The object of verbs such as "think" and "treat" are generally used as predicates, objects, and attributives.

[Analysis] ~ and "hoarding" can both mean "hoarding and storing; waiting to be sold at a high price". The difference is: ~ Emphasis on "strange goods"; that is, "hoarding" rare goods; "hoarding and keeping rare goods" emphasizes "hoarding and keeping rare goods"; that is, hoarding them; selling them when the time comes; making huge profits.

[idiom story]

During the Warring States Period, a big businessman named Lu Buwei came to the State of Zhao. He was doing business in Handan, the capital. By chance, he found an extraordinary young man on the road. Someone told him: "This young man is the grandson of King Zhao of Qin and the son of Prince An Guojun. His name is Yiren." Zhao Guo is a hostage. "

At that time, Qin and Zhao were often at war. The State of Zhao deliberately lowered Yiren's living standards, making him very poor. He even had no clothes to keep out the cold when the weather was cold. Lu Buwei knew this situation and immediately thought of Yiren's life. The investment in his body will bring incalculable profits. He couldn't help but said to himself: "This is a strange thing to live in." "It means to store strangers as rare items and wait for the opportunity to sell them for a big price.

Lu Buwei returned to his apartment and asked his father: "How much profit can you make from farming? "

His father replied: "Ten times. "

Lu Buwei asked again: "What about trafficking in jewelry? "

His father replied: "A hundred times.

Lu Buwei then asked: "Then how much profit will be gained by raising a frustrated man to become a king and take charge of the world's money?" "

His father shook his head in surprise and said, "That's impossible to calculate. "

Lu Buwei listened to his father's words and decided to do this big business. He first spent a large sum of money to bribe the Zhao officials who were monitoring the foreigner, and got to know the foreigner.He said to the foreigner: "I will find a way to let the State of Qin redeem you and make you the prince. Then you will be the future king of the State of Qin. What do you think?"

The foreigner said in surprise and joy. : "That's a good thing I can only dream of. One day, I will repay you heavily."

Lu Buwei immediately went to Qin State, bribed An Guojun's cronies with large sums of money, and redeemed the foreigner from Qin State.

Lord An Guo had more than twenty sons, but his most beloved Mrs. Huayang had no sons. Lu Buwei sent a large number of rare treasures to Mrs. Huayang, and asked Mrs. Huayang to adopt a stranger as his heir.

After the death of King Zhao of Qin, Lord An came to the throne and was known as King Xiaowen in history. Li Li was made the crown prince. King Xiaowen died soon after his reign, and Prince Yiren came to the throne as King Zhuang Xiang. King Zhuang Xiang was very grateful to Lu Buwei for his support. He worshiped Lu Buwei as prime minister and granted him the title of Marquis of Wenxin. He also made twelve counties in Luoyang, Henan, a fiefdom, and used the rent and taxes of 100,000 households as a salary. After the death of King Zhuang Xiang, Prince Zheng ascended the throne, the first emperor of Qin, and called Lu Buwei Zhongfu. Lu Buwei has all the power in the world.

87, Pull up the mountain (Xiang Yu)

[Definition] Pull up the mountain: Pull up the mountain. Extended to be extremely powerful.

[Quotes] Ming Dynasty Zhang Dai's "Recruitment to Build an Ancestral Hall without Owners": "Those who are heroes throughout the ages have been destroyed. If they are not sacrificed by the lonely soul of Yue County, they are the heroes who stand out from the mountains. They are almost the ghosts of Ku'ao."

[Correct pronunciation] Ba; cannot be pronounced as "bō".

[Shape identification] Pull; cannot be written as "Dial".

[Synonym] To pull up a mountain and carry a cauldron

[Antonym] To be unable to restrain a chicken

[Usage] To describe being extremely brave. Generally used as predicate, attributive, and complement.

[structure] union.

[idiom story]

means being brave and invincible in the world. The words come from "Historical Records. Xiang Yu's Biography": "His strength is to pull up the mountains and the world is overwhelming, but the times are unfavorable and his talents will not fade away." "Fan Zeng Lun" written by Dai Dai of the Qing Dynasty: "At this time, Xiang Ji used his ability to pull up the mountains with his ability to scream and mute. The unparalleled spirit will destroy those who attack it, and defeat those who attack it. " Chen Tianhua of the Qing Dynasty, "On the History of the Chinese Revolution": "If you don't think about this, the unparalleled spirit will not be used on dogs and sheep, but on your compatriots. "Guo Moruo's "The Suicide of the Overlord of Chu": "Because of the sudden success, King Xiang had an illusion. He thought that it was his unparalleled strength that wiped out the Qin people. "

88. Look sideways (Su Qin)

[Interpretation] Look sideways: look sideways; look: look. Looking at people sideways; not daring to look straight at people. Describes a fearful or angry look.

[Quote] "Warring States Policy. Qin Ceyi": "(Su Qin's) wife looked sideways and listened."

[Authentic] However; cannot be pronounced as "ěr".

[Shape identification] side; cannot be written as "test".

[Synonym] To be intimidated and daunted. To glare angrily.

[Antonym] To not squint.

[Usage] It has a derogatory connotation. Contains contempt. Describe anger, dissatisfaction or fear. Generally used as a predicate.

[structure] More formal.

[Analysis] ~ and "glaring"; both mean "looking at people with anger or dissatisfaction". However, in the semantics of "glaring with anger", in many cases, the emphasis is on "anger"; in many cases, the emphasis is on "dissatisfaction"; and it also contains the meaning of fear.

89, Pao Ding Jie Niu (Pao Ding)

[Interpretation] Pao Ding: Chef. The cook butchered the whole cow. It is a metaphor for a person who understands the objective laws of things; he is skillful and skillful; he is able to do things with ease. [Speech out] "Zhuangzi. Health Preservation Master": "The cook serves Wen Huijun and unifies the ox; the touch of his hand..."

[authentic pronunciation] Cook; cannot be pronounced as "pāo" or "bāo". [Shape identification] Pao; cannot be written as "bu".

[Synonym] Handy in both directions

[Usage] Contains a complimentary meaning; often used with "with ease". Generally used as object and attributive. [Structure] Subject-predicate formula.

[idiom story]

There was a chef named Ding who was slaughtering a cow for King Hui of Liang. Wherever his hands touched, where his shoulders rested, where his feet stepped, and where his knees touched, there was a sound of skin and bones breaking apart. The sound of the knife was louder when it penetrated, and there was nothing unmusical about the sound. It conforms to the rhythm of the dance music of "Sanglin" and the rhythm of the music of "Sutra".

King Hui of Liang said: "Hey! Okay! How can your technology be so good?"

Cook Ding put down his knife and replied: "What I am exploring is the law of nature, which has exceeded the technology of slaughtering cattle. When I first started slaughtering cows, (I didn’t understand the structure of the cow’s body), I only saw the whole cow. After three years, (I saw the internal texture and bones of the cow), I never looked at it again. The whole cow is gone. Now when slaughtering the cow, I only need to touch the cow's body with my mind, instead of seeing it with my eyes. It's like the sensory organs have stopped moving and are moving along with the cow's mind. The texture and structure of the body, splitting the large gaps between the muscles and bones, and using the knife along the holes between the joints, all follow the original structure of the cow's body. The knife used to slaughter the cow never touches the place where the meridians are connected and is tightly attached to the bone. The muscles on the body and the areas where muscles gather, not to mention the big bones in the thighs? Skilled cooks change their knives every year because they use them to cut meat, while average cooks change their knives every month. It's because they use knives to chop bones. I have used this knife for nineteen years and slaughtered thousands of cattle, but the edge of the knife looks like it has just been ground out of the whetstone. Yes, but the blade is not thick. If you use such a thin blade to penetrate into the joints with gaps, it must be generous and leeway when operating the blade. Therefore, after nineteen years of use, the blade still looks like it has just been ground from the whetstone. Even so, whenever I encounter a place where muscles and bones are intertwined, and I see that it is difficult to cut, I will be very alert and cautious, my eyes will be focused, and my movements will be slowed down, and the bones and flesh will be separated with a clatter. , like a pile of dirt scattered on the ground. I picked up the knife and stood there, looking around proudly for this success, wiping the knife and putting it away.

Liang Huiwang said: "Okay! I listened to the words of the cook and learned how to maintain health."

90. Xiang Zhuang danced with the sword, intending to kill Pei Gong (Xiang Zhuang, Liu Bang)

[Interpretation] Xiang Zhuang danced with the sword during the banquet in an attempt to assassinate Liu Bang. It is a metaphor that the true intentions of words and actions are different.

[Speech out] "Historical Records of Xiang Yu" written by Sima Qian of the Western Han Dynasty: "Nowadays, Xiang Zhuang draws his sword and dances, and his meaning is always in Peigong."

[Short meaning] Xiang Zhuang dances with his sword

[Usage] Complex sentence pattern; Object, clause;

is quoted in "Historical Records? The Chronicles of Xiang Yu". Liu Bang and Xiang Yu met at Hongmen. At the banquet, Xiang Yu's counselor Fan Zeng asked Xiang Zhuang to dance with his sword and took the opportunity to kill Liu Bang. Liu Bang's counselor Zhang Liang said to Fan Kuai: "Now Xiang Zhuang draws his sword and dances, and his intention is always with Pei Gong" (Xiang Zhuang: a military commander under Xiang Yu. Pei Gong: Liu Bang). It is later used to describe the inconsistency between words and deeds and the true intention, using different names to hide or imply attacks and threats on certain personnel; murderous intent is hidden behind the attentive appearance.

91. Why is it urgent to fry each other (Cao Pi, Cao Zhi)

[Interpretation] Jian: boil; He: how urgent; urgent: urgent. Why is it cooked in such a hurry? It is a metaphor for brothers killing each other.

[Words come out] Liu Yiqing's "Shishuo Xinyu" of the Southern and Northern Dynasties: "Emperor Wen ordered King Chen to compose a poem in seven steps; those who failed to do it practiced Dafa. In response, he wrote a poem and said: 'Boil beans and hold them to make a soup; gush the bean sprouts to make juice.' Burning under the cauldron; beans weeping in the cauldron. They are born from the same root; why not fry each other too quickly?

[Shape identification] He; cannot be written as "和".

[Synonym] Boil beans and burn 萁, fight in the same room

[Antonym] Live in harmony

[Usage] Used in a derogatory sense. Generally used as predicate and attributive.

[structure] subject-predicate formula.

Liu Yiqing of the Southern Song Dynasty, "Shishuo Xinyu? Literature": "Emperor Wen (Cao Pi) tried to order King Dong'a (Cao Zhi) to compose a poem in seven steps, and those who failed did so. In response, he wrote a poem and said: 'Cook the beans to make soup, and pour them. The bean sprouts grow under the cauldron, and the beans weep in the cauldron. They are born from the same root, so there is no need to fry each other." Later, "there is no need to fry each other" as a metaphor for cannibalism or persecution. Qing Shang Shizi's "Goshawk Strikes? Implications": "It's the same root, so why worry." Zhou Enlai's poem "Eternal Wonderful Injustice": "Eternal Wonderful Injustice, a leaf in the south of the Yangtze River; the same room is at war, so why worry about being in trouble!"

92, magical calculation ( Zhuge Liang)

[Interpretation] Describes accurate predictions; good at estimating situations; deciding strategies.

[Speech out] "Nian Nujiao" by Zhao Ji of the Song Dynasty: "Wonderful calculations must be believed; no country's masters can match it."

[Authentic pronunciation] Calculation; cannot be pronounced as "shuàn". [Shape identification] machine; cannot write "ji".

[Synonym] Tips and tricks [Antonym] At wits' end, at a loss what to do

[Usage] Used as a compliment. Often used to describe strategy, resourcefulness, etc. Generally used as predicate, object, and attributive.

[Analysis] ~ and "a clever trick"; both describe clever and ingenious strategies. ~ Mostly refers to clever strategies; wonderful or able to see through the opponent's strategy; good at judging the situation; "ingenious plan" generally refers to a specific clever plan; able to solve sudden difficulties; contains metaphors.

[idiom story]

In 208 AD, Cao Cao led his army southward, preparing to eliminate the forces of Liu Bei and Sun Quan in one fell swoop and unify the world. Liu Bei sent Zhuge Liang to Soochow to unite with Sun Quan to deal with Cao Cao. Zhou Yu, the governor of Soochow, was jealous of Zhuge Liang's talent and always wanted to get rid of him. Once, Zhuge Liang issued a military order to make 100,000 arrows within three days, otherwise he would be beheaded. Zhou Yu was secretly happy, thinking that Zhuge Liang would definitely not be able to complete the task and could take the opportunity to get rid of him. However, Zhuge Liang had already figured out a way to complete the task. He privately borrowed twenty fast boats from Lu Su, and more than a thousand straw men were placed on each boat. In the early morning of the next day, Zhuge Liang took advantage of the heavy fog on the river and ordered the straw boats to approach Cao Jun's water stronghold, pretending to attack Cao Jun. This was a clever plan. Cao Cao saw this situation and ordered his troops to shoot arrows at each other. In an instant, more than 10,000 archers from Cao's army shot arrows into the river. After a while, the straw men on the twenty boats were already loaded with arrows. Zhuge Liang asked the soldiers on the boat to shout in unison: "Thank you, Prime Minister, for borrowing the arrow." When Cao Cao understood, Zhuge Liang's straw boat had already sailed away, and Cao Cao regretted it. After Zhou Yu learned about Zhuge Liang's story of borrowing arrows from a straw boat, he said with great emotion: "Zhuge Liang's dexterity has reached a magical level. I am indeed not as good as him."

This story is called "borrowing arrows from a straw boat" in history. This idiom is derived from this story.

93. Flowers bloom in the pen (Li Bai)

[Interpretation] It is a metaphor for a literary talent who thinks well and writes excellent poems.

[Words come out] "Flower City" Issue 7, 1980: "You literati and poets whose pens are full of flowers, your investigations are just to grab examples for existing opinions."

[Synonym] Brilliant pens and flowers

[Usage] Supplementary form; Attributive; refers to being able to write good articles

94, crotch humiliation (Han Xin)

[Title]: crotch humiliation

[Pinyin]: kuà xià zhī rǔ

[Explanation]: crotch: between the two legs. The shame that crawls under the crotch.

[Source]: "Historical Records. Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin": "Someone in the Huaiyin Massacre ① insulted Xin, saying: 'Although he has grown up, he likes to carry a sword, but Zhongqing ② is timid.' The people insulted ③ and said: 'Trust can Death ④, stab me, you can't die, come out of my crotch ⑤." So whoever believed it looked at it and pulled it out of crotch ⑥. Everyone in the city laughed at it and thought it was cowardly."

[Note]: ① slaughter: A person whose profession is to slaughter livestock. ②Zhongqing: the heart. ③Public humiliation: humiliation in public. ④Able to die: Not afraid of death. ⑤Hakama: Connects to the "crotch", between the legs. ⑥Pu Fu: Same as "creeping", kneeling on the ground and crawling.

[Allusion]: There was a young butcher in Huaiyin. He insulted Han Xin and said, "You are taller than me, and you like to carry a sword, but you are very cowardly at heart." And relying on their numbers, they Insulting him, he said: "If you are not afraid of death, then stab me to death; otherwise, crawl under my crotch." Han Xin looked at him for a while, then leaned down and crawled over from under the other person's crotch. People in the market laughed at him, thinking that Han Xin was really very timid.

[Usage] as an object; refers to a great insult

[Similar words] After crotch flexion, Han Xin found Liu Bang, presented Zhang Liang's letter of recommendation to him, and finally became a general; if Han Xin had killed That little bastard, if he kills people to pay for his life, Han Xin will not become a general, let alone help Liu Bang attack Xiang Yu and dominate the world.

[Revelation]: A man can endure what the world cannot tolerate, so he can do things that the world cannot.

95. The disciples are four walls (Sima Xiangru)

[Interpretation] Tu: only; Bi: wall.The home only has walls around it. Describe being so poor that you have nothing.

[Speech out] Han·Bangu's "Hanshu·Sima Xiangru Biography": "Wenjun died at night and ran to Xiangru; .

[Shape Discrimination] Wall; cannot be written as "bi".

[Similar meaning] penniless and penniless

[Antonym] well-fed and well-fed family giving people enough

[Usage] Used to describe a family that is so poor that they have nothing. Generally used as attributive, predicate and complement.

[structure] subject-predicate formula.

[Analysis] ~ and "poor"; both describe being very poor; having nothing. But ~ focuses more on "home"; "poor" focuses more on "people".

[idiom story]

Sima Xiangru of the Han Dynasty was a famous talented man at that time, but his family background was very poor.

One day, the rich man Zhuo Wangsun invited him to his home for dinner and asked Sima Xiangru to perform his piano skills. Zhuo Wangsun's daughter, whose husband had just died at that time, was named Wenjun and was very interested in music. When Sima Xiangru was playing the piano at the banquet, he knew that Wenjun was also present, so he used music to express his love. After the banquet, Sima Xiangru bribed people around Zhuo Wenjun, hoping that they could help convey his feelings. As a result, that night, Zhuo Wenjun ran away from home and went to the hotel where Sima Xiangru lived, and the two of them returned to Chengdu together.

But when I returned to Sima Xiangru's home, there was nothing at all except the four walls.

They lived a very difficult life. With the help of their friends, they opened a hotel near Zhuo Wangsun's house. Not long after, the neighbors all knew that Zhuo Wangsun's daughter was actually selling wine on the street! In order to save face, Zhuo Wangsun had no choice but to give Zhuo Wenjun a hundred servants and one hundred taels of gold to buy properties and houses.

96. Burning books and burying Confucian scholars (Qin Shihuang)

[Interpretation] Pit: dig a hole and bury alive; Confucianism: Confucian scholar; scholar. It refers to the burning of ancient classics such as "The Book of Songs" and "The Book of Books" by Qin Shihuang, and the killing of a group of Confucian scholars. Later, it generally refers to the destruction of culture and intellectuals.

[Quote] Han. Kong Anguo's "Preface to the Book of Shang": "When Qin Shihuang destroyed the ancient books, burned books and harassed Confucian scholars, the world's scholars fled and dispersed, and my ancestors hid their family letters on the wall of the house." "Han Shu? Geography" "Part Two": "Merge the six kingdoms; claim the title of emperor; bear the power of others; burn books to enslave Confucian scholars; use one's own wisdom."

[positive pronunciation] Burn; cannot be read as "fěn". [Distinguish shape] pit; cannot be written as "畇".

[usage] has a derogatory connotation. Generally used as subject, predicate, attributive, and object.

[idiom story]

In 213 BC, one day, Qin Shihuang held a banquet in Xianyang Palace to celebrate the great event of defeating the Xiongnu and other small ethnic groups. All civil and military officials were present. Seventy well-known and prestigious doctors in academic thought also attended the banquet. At the banquet, Zhou Qingchen, the leader of the doctors, raised a glass to praise Qin Shihuang's merits. After hearing Zhou Qingchen's praise, Qin Shi Huang repeatedly praised Zhou Qingchen and said: "Well said! Well said!"

However, this praise offended other doctors who were full of old ideas. There was a doctor named Chun Yuyue. Zhou Qingchen said that the enfeoffment system was not good, but the prefecture and county system was good, and he felt very sad. He hurriedly said to Qin Shihuang: "Your Majesty! I heard from others that the kings of the Yin and Zhou dynasties passed down the throne for more than a thousand years, and they enfeoffed their sons and heroes as princes. That system was very good."

Chunyu Yue mentioned the matter of enfeoffment again. , Qin Shihuang was very bored after hearing this. He asked everyone to discuss and discuss whether the enfeoffment system or the county system was better. Li Si, who was already prime minister at this time, objected to Chunyu Yue's fallacy and suggested that all books collected by historians that were not about the history of Qin should be burned; books that were not collected by government-appointed doctorate officials such as "The Book of Songs" and "The Book of Songs" should be burned. "Shang Shu", but a kind of private collection of books, all should be burned to eliminate the source of chaotic thoughts.

So Qin Shihuang ordered the burning of books. The specific method is: except for those books about medicine, divination, and tree planting, all historical books that are not recorded by the historians of the Qin State are not collected by officials but are collected by the people such as the "Book of Songs", "Shangshu" and other scholars. Books from hundreds of families must be handed over to the local magistrate to be burned within thirty days of the order being issued.Qin Shihuang ordered the burning of books, which made many scholars very disgusted. Not only those with old ideas opposed his atrocities, but also some doctors who enjoyed high officials and generous salaries in the court were also discussing secretly. Qin Shihuang was very angry when he heard that the scholars spoke ill of him behind his back, and some even ran away, and decided to punish them severely. So he ordered the investigation and prosecution of those scholars who slandered him behind his back. Without conducting detailed interrogation or verification, they had someone dig a big pit outside Xianyang City and bury them all alive.

Qin Shihuang burned books and harassed Confucians in order to unify his thoughts and suppress those thoughts and speeches that opposed centralization, but his approach went too far and was too cruel. The burning of books not only destroyed the cultural wealth accumulated over a long period of time before the Qin Dynasty, but also killed many creators of spiritual wealth. Qin Shihuang was a great emperor who accomplished the great cause of unification, but he was also an emperor who brutally ruled the people.

97, Nang Ying Ying Xue (Che Yin, Sun Kang)

[idiom] Nang Ying Ying Xue, also known as "accumulating snow Nang Ying", "Ji Ying Ying Xue", "Ju Ying Ying Xue", "Ying Xue Nang Ying" ”

【Phonetic】náng yíng yìng xuě

【Interpretation】Nangying: Che Yin in the Jin Dynasty was poor when he was young, so he used fireflies in a bag to illuminate his reading in the summer; Yingxue: Sun Kang in the Jin Dynasty often used the reflection of snow to read in winter. Describes a poor family and diligent study.

[Usage] used as object and attributive; refers to studying hard. [Similar words] Nang Yingzhaoxue

[Rhyming words] I can’t understand all day long, I can’t understand when I stop, I can’t understand it, I can’t understand it, I can’t understand it, I can’t understand it, I can’t understand it, I can’t understand it, I can’t understand it, I can’t understand it, I can’t understand it. Cicada sheds snake solution

[Explanation of words] Capsule firefly: wrapped firefly; Yingxue: making use of the reflection of snow.

[Origin of the idiom] 1. "Nang Ying" is derived from "Book of Jin. Volume 83. Biography of Che Yin": "Che Yin was named Wu Zi and was a native of Nanping. His great ancestor Jun was the prefect of Wu Kuaiji. He was educated by his father and registered as the princess. Wang Hu, the prefect, saw Yin as a child and said to Yin's father, "This son should be a great addition to the Qing Dynasty, so that he can become a scholar." Yin Gong is diligent and knowledgeable. In Xia Yue, I would hold dozens of fireflies in my bag to illuminate the book, and I would watch the day and night." 2. "Yingxue" comes from "Sun Shi Lu": "Sun Kang of Jin Dynasty was poor, and he often read in the presence of snow, and did not make friends in the Qing Dynasty. Miscellaneous." Idiom Story [Back to Table of Contents] During the Jin Dynasty, Che Yin was eager to learn since he was a child, but due to his poor family, his father could not provide him with a good learning environment. In order to maintain food and clothing, there was no extra money to buy lamp oil for him to study at night. For this reason, he could only use this time during the day to recite poetry. One night in the summer, he was memorizing an article in the yard when he suddenly saw many fireflies flying in the low sky. The twinkling lights looked a bit dazzling in the darkness. He thought, if many fireflies were gathered together, wouldn't they become a light? So, he went to find a white silk bag, then grabbed dozens of fireflies and put them in it, then tied the mouth of the bag and hung it up. Although it's not very bright, it can barely be used for reading. From then on, whenever there were fireflies, he would grab one and use it as a lamp. Because of his diligent study and practice, he finally became a high-ranking official. Since Sun Kang had no money to buy lamp oil, he couldn't read at night and had to go to bed early. He felt it was a pity to let time run away in vain. One night in the middle of the night, he woke up from his sleep. When he turned his head to the window, he found a ray of light coming through the crack of the window. It turns out that it is reflected by the heavy snow, and you can use it to read a book. So he suddenly lost his tiredness, immediately put on his clothes, took out his books, and went outside. The light of snow reflected on the broad land was much brighter than inside the house. Regardless of the cold, Sun Kang immediately started reading. His hands and feet were frozen, so he got up and ran, rubbing his fingers at the same time. From then on, whenever there was snow at night, he never let go of this good opportunity and studied tirelessly. This spirit of hard study prompted his knowledge to advance by leaps and bounds, and he became a well-educated man. Later, he became a high official.

98. Lose your wife and lose your troops (Zhou Yu)

[Definition] Compensation: loss; discount: loss. It is a metaphor for trying to plot against others; instead, you suffer double losses.

[语出] Chapter 55 of Luo Guanzhong's "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" in the Ming Dynasty; "The sergeants on the shore shouted in unison: 'Zhou Lang's clever plan to calm the world; he lost his wife and lost his troops!'"

[正音] fold; cannot Pronounced "shé".

[Shape Distinguishing] Compensation; cannot be written as "accompany"; fold; cannot be written as "demolish".

[Synonym]

[Usage] is used as a derogatory meaning when losing soldiers. It is often used on people with evil intentions and will surely fail. Generally used as predicate and complement.

[structure] complex sentence pattern.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Quan of the Eastern Wu Dynasty wanted to claim Jingzhou from the Shu Han Dynasty. The governor Zhou Yu made a plan and lied about Sun Quan's sister marrying Liu Bei, so as to trick Liu Bei into going to Eastern Wu and keeping her as a hostage in order to claim Jingzhou back. Liu Bei acted according to Zhuge Liang's countermeasures, and after getting married in Soochow, he and his wife escaped from Soochow. Zhou Yu led his troops to pursue him, but was defeated by Zhuge Liang's ambush. This story can be seen in the second chapter of the song "A Battle of Wisdoms Across the River" and also in the 55th chapter of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms". Later generations used the metaphor of "losing their wives and losing their soldiers" to fail in their attempts to gain, and instead suffered double losses. "Illuminating the World Cup? Digging New Traps, Saving Ghosts and Becoming a Rich Man": "This Grand Duke Mu wanted to find his son and go home. Unexpectedly, he couldn't find his son. Instead, he gave away one thing for daily use and another for making money... ...It is said that it caused him to lose his wife and lose his army. ""The Strange Current Situation I Witnessed in Twenty Years" Chapter 90: "Since then, I have been pregnant with a ghost. I am afraid that my wife has been seriously cheating. At that time, I lost my wife and lost my army. Liu Baiyu's "Fire Lights the Ocean": "This incident not only shows that Eisenhower and Dulles lost their wives and lost their troops, but it also proves the fearless pride of our people."

99 , Everyone knows it (Sima Zhao)

[Interpretation] It is a metaphor for ambition that is known to everyone.

[Quotes out] Jin.

[Usage] Subject-predicate form; used as object, attributive; metaphor for the well-known ambition

"Three Kingdoms. Wei Zhi. Biography of Gaogui Township Gongmao" "Gaogui Township Gongmao" Pei Songzhi's note quoted Jin Xi Chi Chi's "Han, Jin, Spring and Autumn Period" ": "The emperor was very angry when he saw that his authority was about to go away. He called his servants Wang Shen, Shangshu Wang Jing, and Sanqi Chang to serve Wang Ye, saying: 'Sima Zhao's heart is known to passers-by. I can't sit back and accept the humiliation. , Today I will discuss it with you personally. '" Later, "everyone knows it" refers to the fact that certain people's intentions, privacy, etc. are known to everyone. Huang Zongxi of the Qing Dynasty wrote in his "Epitaph of Yu Gong, the Censor": "Every passerby knows that he is big at the end and strong at the end. He dare not speak out, so he works alone to write." Chapter 72 of "Yesou Exposes Words": "Qin Hui's evil is known to all passers-by. "

100, Baibu Chuanyang (Yang Youji)

[Interpretation] Baibu: one hundred steps away; Yang: refers to the leaves of the poplar tree. Shoot through a selected poplar leaf from a hundred paces away. Describes skilled archery skills.

[Quote] Chapter 53 of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms": "(Guan Yu) brought arrows back to the stronghold; only then did he know that Huang Zhong had the ability to pierce Yang with a hundred steps."

[positive pronunciation] pierce; cannot be pronounced as "cuān". [Shape identification] Yang; cannot be written as "Yang".

[Synonym] Shoot through the willows with perfect accuracy

[Antonym] Target without aim [Usage] Mostly used in written language; to describe excellent shooting skills. Generally used as predicate, object, and attributive.

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