黄帝内经: Proposed the dietary compatibility principle of "five grains for nourishment, five fruits for help, five animals for benefit, five vegetables for supplement, and scent to be taken together to replenish essence and vitality". At the same time, people are also told not to overeating and avoid the five-flavored addiction. For thousands of years, these principles have been the guiding ideology of the Chinese nation’s dietary structure and have played an important role in safeguarding the health and prosperity of the entire nation.
五谷为养
"Five cereals for nourishment" refers to grains and beans such as millet, goblet, sunn, wheat, rice as the staple food for nourishing the human body. Millet, scorpion, wheat, and rice are rich in carbohydrates and protein, while Sunn is rich in protein and fat.
Cereals are rich in carbohydrates and cellulose, and are the main source of human heat. This dietary structure model is compared with the dietary structure model based on animal food. The incidence of "modern civilization diseases" such as heart, brain, and vascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes, and cancer among the population is significantly lower.
五果为助
"Five Fruits for Help" refers to fruits and nuts such as dates, plums, apricots, chestnuts, and peaches, which are helpful for health and fitness. Fruits are rich in vitamins, cellulose, sugars, organic acids and other substances, which can be eaten raw and can avoid the destruction of their nutrients due to cooking.
Some fruits can help digestion if eaten after meals. Therefore, five fruits are an indispensable supplementary food in a balanced diet.
五动物为益
"Five animals for benefit" refers to the meat of cattle, dogs, sheep, pigs, chickens and other poultry and livestock. It has a tonic effect on the human body and can supplement the nutrient deficiency of the staple food of grains. It is a balanced diet The main food supplement of the recipe. Benefit means tonic, five animals are beneficial to the five internal organs. That is to say, animal meat can be used as a necessary supplement for human nutrition.
Eat appropriate amounts of meat, eggs, milk, fish and other foods every day, which is conducive to the development and growth of children, and is conducive to nutritional supplements for pregnant and lactating women, and is conducive to nutrition Deficiency and frailty patients recover their physical fitness.
Five dishes for filling
"Five dishes for filling" refers to vegetables such as sunflower, leek, scallion, scallion, spring onion and so on. All kinds of vegetables contain a variety of trace elements, vitamins, fiber and other nutrients. They have the effects of increasing appetite, filling hunger, helping digestion, supplementing nutrition, preventing constipation, lowering blood lipids, lowering blood sugar, and preventing intestinal cancer. Health is very beneficial. Fruits and vegetables contain a large number of vitamins and minerals necessary for the human body, and some important enzymes that are closely related to the body's metabolism also mainly rely on the supply of fruits and vegetables.
"Internal Classics" Suoyun "If you don't enter the valley, the qi will decline in half a day, but the qi will be less in one day." talks about the harm of starvation. The "Internal Classic" also says that "the self-doubling of diet will hurt the intestines and stomach", and it is about the disadvantages of oversatisfaction. Chinese medicine believes that overeating will overload the spleen and stomach, and if food accumulates in the stomach and intestines, the function of the spleen and stomach will be impaired over time, and the fine grains (nutrients) of water and grains will not be metabolized and disease will occur.
Jin and five flavors
Jin and five flavors: Medicine has four qi and five flavors, food is also cold and hot, sour and sweet, and human physique has the difference between cold and hot. Therefore, Chinese medicine pays great attention to the influence of the taste of the diet on health.
Four Qis refer to the different characteristics of cold, hot, warm, and cold of medicine or food . Five flavors refer to the different flavors of medicine or food such as pungent, sweet, sour, bitter and salty. If you eat hot, warm and dry products, fat-fat fried food will not stop in your mouth, it will be easy to help heat to turn fire and produce phlegm, decoct body fluid, it will prevent the occurrence of "diabetes".
"Internal Classics" pointed out: "The taste is too sour, the liver is full of fluids, and the temper is perfect. The taste is too salty, the backbone is overworked, the short muscles, the heart is suppressed. The taste is too sweet, The heart is full of breath, the color is dark, and the kidney qi is imbalanced. The taste is too bitter, the temper is not moist, the stomach is thick. The taste is too pungent, the muscles and veins are relaxed, and the spirit is centered." Modern Medical Research and DevelopmentAt present, too much sweetness will cause diabetes and obesity due to excessive intake of sugar and starch, and too much saltiness will aggravate high blood pressure, edema and other diseases due to excessive sodium ion intake.
The five flavors of food can not only satisfy everyone's different hobbies, but also have different effects.
1. Spicy foods, such as ginger, chili, etc., mostly contain volatile oil, which has the power of dispelling cold, promoting qi, and invigorating blood. However, overeating has the disadvantages of dispersing qi and getting angry.
2. Sweet foods such as sugar and rice are said to contain sugars, which have nourishing and soothing power. Over-eating can block the qi.
3. Sour foods such as green plums, lemons, etc., contain organic acids, which are astringent and firm, but overeating can cause cramps.
4. Bitter foods such as bitter gourd, almonds, etc., contain alkaloids, glycosides, bitter substances, etc., which have the benefits of drying dampness and diarrhea, but eating more will cause bone weight.
5. Salty foods such as table salt, seaweed, etc., have a lot of sodium, which has the effect of softening and moisturizing, but more food will cause blood clotting.
Tianren’s corresponding food, nutrition, and dietary conditioning should change with the climate changes in the four seasons. Generally speaking, all things in spring are edible green onions, tempeh and other foods to help the sun rise; in summer, when the sun is strong, you should eat less spicy and dry foods to avoid yin, and you should eat more sweet and sour foods such as mung beans and watermelons to clear heat and dispel the heat. Heat and body fluid; In the dry autumn climate, it is advisable to eat less pungent products, and eat more oily products such as sesame and honey to moisturize dryness;
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