At the end of 2019, the 9th edition of the Global Diabetes Map released by the International Diabetes Federation pointed out that my country has the largest number of adult diabetic patients, reaching 116.4 million. One out of every four diabetic patients in the world is from China. Hypoglycemia is a potentially serious complication of diabetes. Continuous severe hypoglycemia can lead to loss of consciousness, permanent nerve damage, arrhythmia, myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction, and even death of the patient.
Sugar friends should attach great importance to their own hypoglycemia.
Diagnostic criteria for hypoglycemia
Recommendation in China Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Guidelines: The diagnostic criteria for hypoglycemia in non-diabetic patients is blood glucose <2.8>
This is because different people have different diagnostic criteria for hypoglycemia. Because diabetic patients have a higher risk of hypoglycemia and greater harm than non-diabetic patients, the diagnostic criteria for hypoglycemia in non-diabetic patients and diabetic patients are different .
Typical symptoms of hypoglycemia
1.d Autonomic hyperexcitability# Sympathetic nerve is stimulated by hypoglycemia, catecholamine secretion increases, catecholamines act on β adrenergic receptors and cause the symptoms of sympathetic nerve excitement. Symptoms such as pale complexion, heart palpitations, cold limbs, cold sweats, tremor of hands and feet, weakness of legs, dizziness, etc. can also occur, as well as panic and anxiety. Most people still feel hungry, and these symptoms are generally relieved after eating.
2. Symptoms of nerve deficiency: Under normal circumstances, glucose is the only fuel for energy metabolism necessary for the brain. The brain cannot synthesize glucose, and the sugar reserves of brain cells can only maintain the brain for a few minutes, so it needs to continuously get glucose supply from the arterial circulation. Once hypoglycemia can appear brain dysfunction, mainly manifested as confusion, decreased vision, dizziness, ataxia, hemiplegia, aphasia, loss of mobility, coma, dementia, seizures, and confusion.
Ten deadly sins of hypoglycemia
1. Cognitive impairment. Chronic hypoglycemia will aggravate cerebral ischemia, leading to slow response, mental decline, and senile dementia.
2. Brain cell damage. acute hypoglycemia coma lasting more than 6 hours, it will cause irreversible damage.
3. Blood sugar fluctuations. Because when hypoglycemia occurs, the body's glucose-increasing hormones will increase, leading to rebound hyperglycemia after hypoglycemia.
4. Cardiovascular disease. Hypoglycemia can lead to increased heart rate, increased pulse pressure, myocardial ischemia, angina pectoris and even myocardial infarction, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Under hypoglycemic stress, the body's reactivity increases the function of the adrenergic nervous system, and the sympathetic nerve activity increases, which induces vasospasm, endothelial damage and promotes cardiovascular events.
5. Affect kidney function. Acute drop in blood glucose can reduce renal blood flow by about 22%, reduce glomerular filtration rate by 19%, and increase the mortality of patients with chronic renal failure.
6. Retina damage. Hypoglycemia significantly reduces the level of glucose in the vitreous, aggravates retinal ischemia damage, and may cause a sudden drop in intraocular pressure, causing arterial rupture and bleeding.
7. Reduce the quality of life. Hypoglycemia can lead to a decrease in the quality of life of diabetic patients. Studies have shown that after the onset of hypoglycemia, the patient’s lifeThe quality score was significantly reduced, but after systemic nursing intervention, the patients' scores on physical health, emotional role function, and mental health were significantly improved compared to before the intervention.
8. It is not conducive to the management of diabetes. After the onset of hypoglycemia, the patient developed a sense of fear of hypoglycemia and also worried about the treatment of hypoglycemic drugs, which led to a decrease in the patient's compliance with drug treatment, which made it more difficult to maintain blood glucose control in the long term.
Hypoglycemia is a common adverse event in diabetic patients receiving medication. It can damage important organs such as the brain and heart, increase the incidence of cardiovascular events and mortality in patients, and affect the prognosis of patients. A severe hypoglycemia may offset the benefits of years of achieving blood glucose standards. Therefore, all sugar friends should not only pay attention to blood sugar control standards, but also minimize the risk of hypoglycemia.
Author: Henan University of Traditional Chinese martial Flow
