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According to a press conference held by the National Health Commission on September 20, as of the end of 2021, the national population aged 60 and above reached 267 million, accounting for 18.9% of the total population; the population aged 65 and above reached more than 200 million, accounting for 14.2% of the total population.
There are about 15 million dementia patients among the elderly aged 60 and above in my country, of which 10 million are Alzheimer's disease patients.
Alzheimer's disease has had a great impact on the health and quality of life of the elderly, and focusing on Alzheimer's disease is meaningful for everyone.
The movie "Mom" released during the Mid-Autumn Festival holiday! 》Using the contrast between a mother and daughter before and after, focusing on the theme of birth, old age, sickness and death and Alzheimer's patients, it tells the deep maternal love. The family love story of an 85-year-old mother taking care of her 65-year-old daughter is moving.
Before my daughter fell ill, my mother was an old naughty boy who liked to stand on a high place and lie on the ground in the middle of the night to scare her daughter.
After the daughter fell ill, the mother changed her previous arbitrary behavior and began to exercise actively, choose a healthy diet, coaxed her daughter to eat and take medicine, and pushed her wheelchair to take her to relax...
believes that after reading "Mom! 》 The people in this movie are moved by the story of the mother and daughter who depend on each other, and they also have various questions about Alzheimer's disease.
What is the cause of Alzheimer's disease? What are the early symptoms? Is there a way to prevent it?
What are the early signs of Alzheimer's disease?
Old actor Wu Yanshu plays the 85-year-old mother in the film, and Xi Meijuan plays the 65-year-old daughter.
The two live together and are a family of senior intellectuals with relatively generous living conditions.
The daughter's illness came unexpectedly, but there were some signs.
From the emergence of the disease to the continuous aggravation, the symptoms of each disease change, either hallucination, amnesia and loss of control, or violent tendencies, and there are many physical changes, such as urinary incontinence.
Zhang Lu has treated many Alzheimer's patients at work. The symptoms of these patients are different. Specifically, there are the following points:
's memory gradually declines, especially when she quickly forgets what just happened. Some people cannot remember their names after talking to others, and even forget the conversation itself.
is difficult to do daily housework and familiar work. For example, you don’t know the order of wearing clothes; the way you cook; the driver often goes the wrong way; the bank staff can’t count the money; the chef doesn’t know how to cook, etc.
language expression is difficult. Forgot simple words, words said or sentences written are incomprehensible. Often, "the words do not express the meaning" and even use "alternative" to describe simple words, such as using "things used to write" instead of "pen".
Time, place and character disorder. Sometimes I can’t figure out the year, month, day or night, and feel unfamiliar around my home; I will get lost in a familiar place; I don’t know how to go home.
has poor judgment. The clothes are not in line with the seasons. They wear thick clothes under the scorching sun, but only thin clothes in the cold winter; they lend money to strangers, buy things repeatedly, etc.
The ability to understand and arrange things reasonably decrease. Can't pay various bills on time; can't keep up with other people's conversations; can't understand newspapers; can't understand others' words, etc.
misplaced things. If you put the iron in the refrigerator, put the fruit in the wardrobe, and put the socks on the dining table .
emotional instability, abnormal behavior, and personality changes. Emotions change quickly, moodlessly, become suspicious, depressed, fearful, and even hallucinations and delusions, thinking that someone wants to harm him, etc.
has difficulty understanding visual and spatial information. If the traffic light cannot be identified.
loses interest and initiative in doing things, becomes less social, loses interest in the original hobby, and thus withdraws from social activities. Passing your time all day long.
Doctor Shao said that Alzheimer's disease has characteristic pathological changes. The deposition of β-amyloid (also known as senile plaques) and tangles of neurofibrils in the patient's brain tissue, resulting in the reduction of synaptic and neurons, and it is also accompanied by brain atrophy .
This disease often has a hidden onset and slow onset. These lesions may have lasted for many years before the patient and relatives notice the symptoms. Once symptoms appear, they may deteriorate rapidly within a few years.
The cause of Alzheimer's disease is still unclear. Studies have shown that factors such as age (especially over 65 years old), positive family history (kind of family members are sick), chronic medical history ( hypertension , 2 diabetes , high cholesterol , Parkinson's, etc.), unhealthy lifestyle (smoking, drinking, lack of exercise and interpersonal communication, etc.), low education level, previous trauma history, etc. may increase the probability of illness.
At present, early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease has been carried out clinically, such as imaging magnetic resonance, brain function imaging, PET-CT and cerebrospinal fluid testing, which can conduct early screening and clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
How do middle-aged and elderly friends prevent Alzheimer's disease?
According to a study published in the "China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Weekly Report (English)" by Peking University , the life expectancy of Chinese men will increase from 74.9 years in 2020 to 81.85 years in 2050, and the life expectancy of Chinese women will increase from 80.65 years in 2020 to 88.13 years in 2050.
Extended life expectancy is of course a good thing, but the older you are, the higher the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
On the ranking of the main causes of death in China, Alzheimer's disease rose from 10th in 1990 to 5th in 2019.
Doctors said that the study shows that the prevalence and mortality rate of Alzheimer's disease patients in my country is slightly higher than the global average, and the relevant data among women are higher than that of men. Among them, the prevalence rate of women in my country (11.889/100,000) and mortality rate (308/100,000) are higher than that of men (6.693/100,000) and mortality rate (14.6/100,000) respectively.
Doctors say that for many people, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, such as reducing sugar, oil, salt, tobacco and alcohol, and exercising more exercise and brain-related can reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
attaches importance to five little
(sugar, salt, oil, cigarette, alcohol)
She mentioned that if people often consume a lot of sugar, salt, and oil in middle age, they will be prone to Alzheimer's disease after they are old.
Scientific research has confirmed that people who drink alcohol frequently have a 5-10-fold higher chance of suffering from Alzheimer's disease than people who never drink alcohol, and smoking will cause insufficient blood supply to , causing brain cells to shrink.
Therefore, you should usually focus on light food, drink less or no strong alcohol, and actively quit smoking.
Diet two more
( acetylcholine , unsaturated fatty acids)
Doctor said that acetylcholine has the effect of enhancing memory, and the lack of acetylcholine is one of the main causes of Alzheimer's disease.
suggests that you usually eat more foods rich in choline , such as soy products, eggs, peanuts, walnuts, meat, oats, millet, etc.
In addition, some unsaturated fatty acids can be appropriately supplemented, such as nuts, fish, etc.
Life Sanqin
(brain, legs, hands)
People's thinking function is "use and use, waste and retreat". The more information the brain receives, the more developed the brain's cells will be, increasing the brain's cognitive reserve.
Doctors remind the elderly to use their brains frequently and often carry out some brain activities such as reading books and playing chess to avoid using their brains such as watching TV.
Active participation in sports activities will accelerate human blood circulation and increase cerebral blood flow , thereby providing brain cells with more nutrients and oxygen .
People often say "smart and skillful hands". On the other hand, skillful hands can also make the mind. Zhang Lu said that regular movement of fingers can directly stimulate brain cells. The elderly can exercise their fingers by planning, turning the fitness ball in their hands, practicing empty grasping with both hands, practicing calligraphy, playing musical instruments, etc.
Early recognition Early intervention is the correct choice of
in the movie "Mom! In 》, the mother and daughter's life was forced into a chaotic mode due to Alzheimer's disease, but fortunately, the elderly mother quickly switched the mode and gave her tenacious vitality to take care of her daughter:
The mother feeds her daughter, the mother pushes her daughter in a wheelchair, and when her daughter is in a hurry to go to the bathroom and cannot open the door, the mother knocks on the glass and jumps on the window to open the door...
From aphasia , aphasia to uselessness, this series of laughter and tears may be the dilemma that many Alzheimer's patients will face or are facing.
From forgetting the name and misplaced familiar things to impairing personal life ability (muscles become stiff, abnormal reflexes, swallowing function, bladder function and intestinal function gradually become out of control, occasionally choking and peeing in pants), personal food, clothing, housing and transportation need to be completely taken care of by others in all aspects of personal food, clothing, housing and transportation.
Character and temper have changed significantly, and family members and relatives are challenged to take care of moody Alzheimer's patients. Needless to say, the pain of patients with
is the family that cares for these people is also under pressure that ordinary people can't imagine.
Although Alzheimer's disease is irreversible, being able to identify and actively intervene in the early stage is the right choice.
Doctor pointed out that for middle-aged and elderly people, occasional memory errors, such as forgetting the name, forgetting where the keys and cards are placed, are not scary, but if they often appear - they can't remember the materials and magazines I have read recently, can't remember whether I have paid for my purchase, it is difficult to find suitable words and sentences in my mind to describe my thoughts, it is difficult to describe something clearly and completely, and even forget how to wear clothes and how to use kitchen utensils...
should be highly vigilant, seek medical treatment in time, and intervene early in the early stage to avoid further deterioration of the condition.
Currently, the medical community in Henan Province attaches great importance to the diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment in . In the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease, many hospitals have established relevant diagnosis and treatment centers to provide full-process management, evaluation, drug treatment, rehabilitation training guidance and regular follow-up of patients.
The treatment of Alzheimer's disease has been included in Zhengzhou municipal medical insurance and provincial medical insurance, and other prefecture-level cities may also be included in the medical insurance scope one after another.
The drugs used to treat this disease were basically relied on imported drugs before, and the people were burdened with heavy burdens. However, with the implementation of the new version of the National Medical Insurance Catalog and the implementation of the national drug procurement, the gloom that shrouded Alzheimer's disease families has dissipated - many domestic drugs that can replace imported have undergone significant price adjustments, greatly reducing the burden on patients' families and society.
"If everyone knows about Alzheimer's disease and knows how to improve lifestyle and eating habits, appropriate exercise, cognitive training, and intervention in vascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes , etc., it may delay the occurrence of Alzheimer's disease. This is what we have been working hard to do," the doctor said.
Content source: Dahe Health Network
Picture and text editor: Policies and Regulations Section of Shibei District Health and Health Bureau
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