With the relaxation of epidemic prevention and control, some people may develop or worsen negative emotions such as anxiety, tension and even fear due to the impact of the epidemic.
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If you find that you have been in a state of anxiety, the most appropriate way is to see a doctor to ensure that there are no physical problems that cause anxiety symptoms.
If the doctor confirms that you have anxiety disorder after diagnosis, don’t worry, there will be professional doctors and mental health experts to provide you with professional diagnosis and treatment.
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If you have severe anxiety and interfere with your normal life and work ability, in addition to psychological counseling and healthy work and rest, correct drug treatment is also crucial.
Medications can be of great help in relieving anxiety disorders, especially as a short-term treatment option.
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However, in terms of drug treatment, generally speaking, many drug types are effective for generalized anxiety disorder , but not suitable for everyone.
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Let us learn about various anti-anxiety drugs!
1, benzodiazepines
In clinical practice, anti-anxiety drugs, such as benzodiazepines, are widely used, among which diazepam is the most commonly used. These medications may reduce your anxiety, panic, and worry, work quickly, and are often used for short-term relief.
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They have many side effects, including drowsiness. It is not advisable to drive or operate large machinery while taking these medications to avoid accidents.
And if used for a long time, drug resistance will develop, so anti-anxiety drugs are used in the short term, and then the dosage needs to be gradually reduced, or used together with antidepressants.
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2, 5-HTIA receptor partial agonists
In recent years, a new class of non-benzodiazepine anti-anxiety drugs has come out, 5-HTIA receptor partial agonists, representative drugs include buspirone and tandospirone.
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These drugs mainly bind to 5-HT1A receptors in the hippocampus and amygdala, stimulating the postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors in hippocampal pyramidal cells and the presynaptic 5-HT1A receptors in the raphe nucleus, thereby producing anxiolytic effects.
Compared with benzodiazepines, these drugs have relatively concentrated target targets, are more selective in their anti-anxiety effects, and have no sedative, hypnotic, central muscle relaxant or anticonvulsant effects. The pictures of
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has long-lasting effects and is tolerable. It has no potential for abuse, no withdrawal symptoms, and will not cause memory impairment. It also has a certain antidepressant effect.
but the onset of effect is slower, takes about 2-4 weeks, and individual cases require 6-7 weeks. Continuous treatment can increase the efficacy. Do not use in combination with monoamine oxidation gland inhibitors.
is mainly suitable for generalized anxiety disorder, especially chronic anxiety disorder with fear, depressive symptoms, and anxiety states associated with essential hypertension , peptic ulcer and other physical diseases.
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3, tricyclic drugs
Although tricyclic drugs are typical antidepressants, antidepressants can also help treat anxiety disorders, such as doxepin, amitriptyline , clomipramine , etc.
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The main pharmacological effect is to inhibit the uptake of norepinephrine and 5-HT by presynaptic neurons and increase the concentration of these two neurotransmitters in the synaptic gap, so it has anti-anxiety and anti-depressant effects.
Medications like these can improve mood and reduce stress and have few side effects, but they may take some time to work, so be patient.
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4, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
It is also an antidepressant with anti-anxiety effects, and can inhibit the response of presynaptic 5-HT nerve endings to 5-HT. The reuptake mainly includes fluoxetine , paroxetine , sertraline, clovoxamine, citalopram , escitalopram .
Popular science pictures, specific medication must be taken according to the doctor's instructions
Paroxetine is the most widely used drug for the clinical treatment of anxiety disorders. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor can reduce symptoms of anxiety or depression associated with anxiety, especially in the elderly.
Popular science pictures, please follow your doctor's advice when taking specific medications.
Compared with benzodiazepines, they have less risk of dependence and abuse.
However, this type of antidepressant generally takes 2 to 4 weeks to begin to relieve anxiety symptoms, so they cannot be taken "as needed" to show immediate effect. They are mainly used for chronic anxiety problems that require medium to long-term treatment.
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Although this type of antidepressant will not cause physical dependence soon, withdrawal reactions may still occur.
If stopped too quickly, antidepressants may cause symptoms such as extreme depression and fatigue, irritability, anxiety, flu-like symptoms and insomnia.
Therefore, if you want to stop taking medication, you should consult a professional doctor first.
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Individual research suggests that beta blockers, such as propranolol , can also help reduce some physical symptoms of anxiety disorders.
They can relieve rapid heartbeat and trembling, but individual tolerance varies greatly and the dosage needs to be strictly controlled and adjusted. is generally used as an auxiliary drug.
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Through the above introduction of drug types, I believe everyone has a general understanding of anti-anxiety drugs. However, regarding the use of drugs, first of all, everyone must clarify a medication principle. Medication must be used under the guidance of a specialist.
It must be used in sufficient dosage and for a sufficient course of treatment, and it is not allowed to reduce the dosage or stop the medication without authorization. Only in this way can improve the success rate of clinical treatment, promote the disappearance of clinical symptoms, and thereby reduce the recurrence rate .
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I am Director Xia of the Department of Psychiatry. If you have mental and psychological problems, or are confused about the above medication, you can leave a message in the comment area and I will help you!
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