In Western modern art, which has always focused on individuals and expressed human situations, psychology is a topic that cannot be avoided.
talks about psychology without mentioning Freud , just like reading without bookmarks, it is somewhat of a little bit of a meaning.
Psychoanalysis is based on the human subconscious and helps us analyze our own id , self and superego, and only by understanding psychoanalysis can we better understand our own desires, strength and weaknesses.
Even if you are unfamiliar with Freud, I believe everyone has more or less learned about the "Oedipus complex" he proposed, which is " Oedipus complex ".
This can be seen as the result of his view of Greek mythological figures Oedipus from a psychoanalytical perspective, and also reminds us-
Although mythological stories always tell that humans are created by God in their own image, in fact, the gods are the projection of our hearts.
Since Freud could draw a foundational conclusion from Oedipus' story, what would he think about and convey to us through other Greek myths?
The "abnormality" of the unruly Greek gods also implicitly expresses what kind of human psychology?
French psychoanalytic researcher Pierre Varo gave his answer in "Freud in the Myth" .
Re-view myths with psychoanalysis
See through the gods, and see through yourself
Narcissus
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The love we hear in the world is not love, it is a kind of fanatical egoism: we love ourselves in another person. Oh! How many blonde girls believe that they are loved by others, but they are all just ripples on the water. There, a blonde "Nacasus" who is as conceited as the son of Kephisos but not as handsome as him is staring at himself with love.
-Lacordaire
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Caravaggio "Nacasus" Roman National Gallery
899, German psychiatrist Paul Nak (Paul Näcke coined the term " narcissism" (narcissism) , which is derived from the name of the Greek mythology Nacasos (Narciccus) . He is a handsome man who falls in love with himself.Therefore, "narcissistic complex" is also called "Nacasus complex" .
The story of Nacassus has been repeatedly cited in Freud's works, and in this regard, its status is second only to Oedipus.
The drama of this story begins with Nakasos's mother learning of the prophecy. The prophecy said that if Nakasus wanted to die, he should not let him know himself, and he would never see himself. Everyone should know the story behind
: One day, Nakassus was quenching the heat by the water. He stared at the water surface and fell in love with his own reflection. In the end, he died because of this love.
Nakassus is destined to fall in love with an image, not a real object. He prefers substitutes, which is his hobby.
This untouchable image replaces the object of love. "Love in yourself" as a dilemma, preventing Nakasos from fully loving. The punishment Nakasos was not to fall in love with himself, but to fall in love with "image". As the object of love, the image he imposed on himself was so similar to that of himself, but he couldn't reach it.
In fact, the image is neither close nor far away. It is another order of reality: the object Nakassus really falls in love with is two-dimensional, but he thinks it is real. This is an illusion. Rather than saying that Nakasus loves himself, he regards his image as a third party, another person, as an ideal that he yearns for.
At this time, we will also mention another person, Echo .
She is the Nymph Fairy who chases Nakasos. Because she was punished by Hera , she was deprived of her ability to speak and could only repeat the last syllable that was passed into her ear.
She was fascinated by the handsome Nakasos, but she could not talk to him, and could only repeat what he said.
And Nakasos could only hear the echo of his words in Erco's mouth. Facing Erko's love, Nakasos fled in panic.
We might as well expand it here. Just imagine that if Nakasus fell in love with Erco, he would fall in love with Erco who kept repeating his own words. He will enjoy the declaration of parrot-like love and experience the feeling of "narcissism" in Erko. Urco can provide him with only this common interpretation of "narcissism", that is, falling in love with the self projected onto others. That is, love yourself through others.
Isn’t this kind of narcissism a part of love? In fact, it is neither rare nor harmful. In love choices, it is not uncommon for us to love another person because of our desire for a perfect self. "We use this transfer to satisfy our narcissistic psychology."
People who are deeply in love will belittle themselves when facing a perfect partner of admiration, and even humble. Because our admiration object has actually occupied the entire position of our ideal self, and he is in ourselves.
on the way home Odysseus
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This person must be familiar with. Odysseus fought under Troy for 10 years. It was he who thought of the strategy of Trojan horse that ended the famous war. After
, he spent another 10 years in order to go home.
Witch Circe warns Odysseus that he will encounter new danger: his ship will sail into waters that are often infested by Siren . Siren are the embodiment of temptation, manifested as beautiful women with bird body and human faces. They can only survive by seducing others. They will deviate all ships passing by, and if they fail, they will not be able to fill their crew. Either tempt or die, this is their fate.
The charming Siren Song will slowly wrap the crew and make them possessed. As soon as they hear the song of Siren, they will be surrounded by the waves of happiness and swim in the sea of happiness. They will inevitably be attracted by this charming creature and immersed in their singing and cannot extricate themselves.
Why should we resist happiness?
A scientific experiment that studies the physiological mechanisms of happiness has shown some rather surprising results.
When people hand over control of the electronic buttons that stimulate the happy radio waves in the brain to mice who are subjects, the mice will not actively press the stop button.
can be said that they will indeed die from happiness. In short, "I only care about happiness", it "never considers tomorrow".
This is the pure happiness principle.
The principle of reality seems to be opposite to the principle of happiness. It is intended to delay gratification and prevent us from obtaining happiness, and sometimes even cause long roundabouts and even temporary displeasure.
But we must never stop at appearances. The principle of reality does not conflict with the principle of happiness. On the contrary, the principle of reality allows the principle of happiness to exist for a long time.
will meet the order of various needs according to the urgency according to the different self-preservation needs. If there is no realistic principle to regulate intervention regularly, we may really die from happiness.
Die happily is not a risk of being accepted by oneself. Without the intervention of the principle of self-preservation and reality, we may be willing to seek happiness at the risk of death.
This is exactly the fate of the sailor in "Odyssey": he died for the charm of the Siren. Fortunately, in most cases, the self is there, "the feeling of pain is used as an alarm signal to inform the self of all dangers that threaten its integrity." The story of
also exposed the problem from another perspective.
The fear of women and the fear of happiness are intertwined in this event.
500 For years, literary works have repeatedly told the mystery of women, which is both fascinating and disturbing.'s most common reaction to this uneasiness is the attempt to belittle women's macho pride, the key is to deny women's logical reasoning ability and refuse to recognize their equality with themselves. In turn, women are regarded as objects of desire, beautiful and passive. The big macho people would ask "what are they complaining about", but they would not realize that they would not dare to face gender equality in the gender game.
In order not to completely succumb to temptation, Odysseus stuffed cotton into his ears and asked others to tie himself up. This is a behavior that controls happiness.
If psychoanalysis wants to tell us something, it must be that we are not aware of all the "problems" related to ourselves.
Enter the door to psychoanalysis through Greek mythology. Let us see through God and ourselves.
talk about it a few words
Which character do you like the most in Greek myth?
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Written by article = Shuyu
Editing = Tairokta
Picture = Internet
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