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His name is Xuanye, and the name of this disease is smallpox.
Originally, this disease was a disaster for Xuanye, who was only a few years old, but one evening a few years later, his father, the Emperor of the Qing Dynasty, was also infected with a smallpox disease after returning from outside the palace. His condition quickly worsened and in a flash he reached the point of dying.
When Emperor Shunzhi has never been in good health. After getting infected, he felt very pessimistic about his physical condition and did not have the confidence to survive this disaster. If he suddenly dies, the most important problem at this time is to establish a heir.
Shunzhi had eight sons, four of whom died young, and the remaining four were not young. He had not made a crown prince before, Qing Dynasty did not have the tradition of establishing a eldest son but not a young son. In Shunzhi's heart, the two most inclined were the eldest son Fuquan and the other was the third son Xuanye.
In this era of infectious diseases, Xuanye had smallpox at a very young age and then recovered, which means that he was immune to the virus from now on and would never be infected again, but Fuquan did not.
Finally Aisin Gioro Xuanye was selected to inherit the throne. After ascending the throne, he was called the saint of Qing, and his reign was Kangxi .
Emperor Kangxi is one of the most well-known smallpox patients in the world. It is said that when he became an adult, he still had many acne pits left by smallpox on his face.
smallpox virus, an extremely terrible acute infectious disease with high mortality rate, is regarded as one of the most devastating diseases in human history. In 1389, when the body of pharaoh Ramses V was excavated by people, experts were shocked to find that the face of the ruler who lived more than 3,000 years ago was also covered with acne pits. After a series of rigorous verifications, Ramses V became the first smallpox patient discovered by humans to date with a clear record.
In the entire 20th century, a total of 500 million people died from this terrorist virus in countries and regions around the world, and it attacked humans indiscriminately, including Ramses V, Tongzhi , and the French King Louis XV , etc. The supreme rulers of many countries have died of this disease.
According to historians, over 10% of the world's deaths over the past thousand years have been caused by smallpox, so it is called "the largest massacre in human history."
The most powerful thing is the Aztec War that took place in the first half of the 20th century.
Now we all know that the Indian natives on the American continent were taken away by cruel massacre by Western colonists, but in fact, in addition to Indians, there were also Mayan civilizations and Aztec civilizations in the Americas.
At that time, there was a businessman in Spain named Cortez . He was born into a ruined aristocratic family and tried hard to revitalize the family, but it was never possible to achieve it. At that time, Spain was extremely prosperous. After the American continent was discovered by Columbus , countless adventurers came in turn.
Aztec learned about the gold and fertile land there, and he wanted to occupy it in a crazy way. He tried his best to communicate with the government, promising to bring back a lot of wealth to them, so he finally got an army. Although it is an army, it actually only has 600 soldiers, 100 war horses and 20 cannons, but its opponent, , the Aztec Empire, , was a huge country with a population of tens of millions and the largest territory of the Americas at that time.
However, at that time, Montezuma II, the monarch of Aztec, was a not very smart emperor. Cortez first communicated with him friendly and lied that he had a strange heart disease, , and needed gold to be cured. There was always a large amount of gold in the Americas. Montezuma II didn't care and even took the team to greet the other party in person, but ended up being under house arrest after being reversed.
This cowardly emperor began to persuade his people to surrender under threat, but Aztecs actually shot his emperor to death and fiercely resisted the invasion of the white people. Cortez's army of only a few hundred men soon died or injured.
In this helpless situation, the greedy Cortez thought of a terrible weapon - smallpox.
At that time, smallpox was very common in the European continent. One of Cortez's soldiers was infected. He directly asked the soldier to surrender to the Aztecs, and then the virus quickly spread at high speed among the crowd.
Since there had never been smallpox in the Americas before, they were unprepared and resistant to it and fell in pieces. In just half a year, the population of 15 million in the entire Aztec Empire was reduced to 3 million due to smallpox, and their combat effectiveness was almost completely lost.
This huge empire was at a deadly end because of the deadly smallpox empire, and adventurer Cortez set a so-called "reaping 15 million with 600 people", thus seizing huge wealth from the American continent and turning it into a Spanish colony. After returning to the country, he was named "General of the Governor of New Spain."
An infected person destroyed a country, which shows that smallpox is extremely terrifying.
In the long process of medical progress, humans are also trying every means to fight against smallpox. Before we completely defeated this virus, we have always adopted the "vaccination method."
In ancient China, the prevention and treatment of smallpox has begun to appear since the Eastern Jin period. In the Eastern Jin doctor Ge Hong "Emergency Prescriptions for Elbow
", the clinical symptoms and treatment methods of smallpox were first recorded.
Later, further research was made in Tang Dynasty Wang Xi's " Outer Taiwan Secrets " and Song Dynasty Qian Yi's " Pediatric Medicine Certificate Direct Lesson " but there was still no great progress in the treatment method. Ge Hong's "domestic and external application method."
After a long development, some people have studied the most advanced " acne " of that era. "This method is to inoculate the acne scabs or acne slurry of mild smallpox patients to healthy children to produce immunity to prevent smallpox. It is what the Chinese traditionally call "poison to fight poison."
However, due to the feudal backward ideas of people at that time, this very effective method was not promoted at all. Many people would rather use partial and miscellaneous studies than to grow acne.
And as time came to the Qing Dynasty, perhaps because the royal family of the Qing Dynasty did not have much headaches by the infectious disease of smallpox, and even the emperor could not escape the misfortune. Therefore, after Kangxi took office with a pockmarked face, he had a huge psychological shadow on this disease, so he was determined to completely eradicate it from his country.
So he began to vigorously promote folk acne vaccination, just like today's vaccination, the whole nation was prescribed. Under such circumstances, the imperial physicians in the imperial palace even compiled the "Complete Book of Cooking Pox", which is an authoritative book officially recognized by the Qing government, summarizing all the methods of cuckoo at that time, and their level was ahead of the world.
In 1706, that is, in the 45th year of the Kangxi reign, a French missionary came to China for travel. At that time, Europe was still deeply harmed by smallpox, but they still did not have effective prevention and treatment methods. After learning about the acne vaccination technology in the capital, the missionary was shocked and immediately took a lot of gold, silver and jewelry to bribe an imperial physician from the Imperial Hospital, thus obtaining the method of acne vaccination and passing it back to his homeland.
From then on, Eurasian countries have sent people to China to learn acne vaccination technology. After returning to their home countries, some scholars have made a series of modifications and improvements to this technology based on actual conditions. Not long after, the mortality rate among all patients with acne vaccination has been reduced to only 2%.
As of this time, humans have begun to gain some advantage in the long struggle with smallpox. With the development of medicine and the efforts of medical staff, people infected with smallpox will no longer have to wait for death to the death, but can fight against it.
However, this is not enough. After all, for a disease, as long as there is still a possibility of death, it is quite dangerous. After all, who knows whether the person who unfortunately died will be himself?
So we still need a safer way to protect it.
In 1749, in the small town of Berkeley in Gloucestershire, England, a newborn baby was born. His parents were very happy about the arrival of this little boy. His family was not noble and ordinary, but in the countless years to come, thousands of people will be grateful for his arrival in this world until today.
Edward Jenner , this is the name of that baby. He grew up and studied peacefully and calmly like other peers. In addition to his studies, Jenner has developed a strong interest in science and medicine, and his parents support his hobbies very much.
After adult Jenner went to big cities for further study. In 1773, Jenner returned to his hometown of Berkeley to open a private clinic and became a respected young doctor.
For many years later, Jenner lived and worked comfortably in the town to help others stay away from the troubles of illness. Smallpox was still prevalent in Europe at that time, so on a chance day, Jenner talked about this with a patient, a female worker in charge of milking on a local farm. She said that she had cowpox , so she would not be infected with smallpox.
Jenner was very surprised and asked her what she said. The female worker said that this is true for all people on the farm who have been infected with cowpox like herself.
Jenner felt that he had discovered a shocking secret. On May 14, 1796, after careful investigation, he performed a surgery on a little boy with smallpox. Jenner gently cut the skin on his arm with a scalpel, and then took the pus from another cowpox patient to the little boy's wound.
The next day, the little boy caused a low fever , and soon disappeared. After that, he had no other symptoms and smallpox miraculously disappeared.
Jenner made history, and the world's first human vaccination trial was successful.
After that, Jenner performed this surgery on 23 patients, and all of them were successful without exception. After two years of experience and hard work, Jenner wrote a paper titled "Research on the Causes and Functions of Cowpox" to announce his achievements to the academic community. In his article, he called his method "vaccination", and today, humans still continue this term in vaccine injection.
But the next road is not easy to go. After Jenner's remarks were released, it immediately caused a huge sensation in the UK. More than 70 years have passed since the " human acne " technology was introduced to the UK. People have long been accustomed to and agreed with this method. Now Jenner tells everyone that they can use cowpox instead of human acne, which has caused widespread resistance.
After all, in most people's minds, cows are animals, and animals have many bacteria, and cowpox itself is also a virus. How can it be cured?
So Jenner was regarded as a liar for fame and reputation. Some people even said that after vaccinating vaccinated with cowpox, people will grow strange horns and body hair on their bodies, and then turn into cows.
But as a kind-hearted doctor, Edward Jenner did not retreat at all. He faced the overwhelming scolding and returned to his hometown to try to inoculate cowpox for the locals. As time went by and more and more people were cured because of this method, the public finally began to adopt cowpox technology.
You should know that using cowpox to fight smallpox is not only the most scientific and safest method, but also will not leave many ugly scars on the patient's skin as before.
Jenner created a miracle in medical history, and the cowpox pus he used also became the first dose of vaccine in the world.
With the popularization and spread of the vowel prevention and control law, smallpox is constantly being eliminated all over the world, and more and more people are immune. On October 26, 1977, the last smallpox patient in the world, cook , Somalia , was cured.
Until 1980, the 33rd World Health Organization Conference was held in Kenya Capital Nairobi . The meeting grandly announced that smallpox that endangers mankind for thousands of years has been completely eradicated.
defeating smallpox is one of the greatest events in the history of human preventive medicine . The news of this disease means that human civilization has entered a new era.
All of this, we cannot help but thank Dr. Jenner, who was respectable in the small town of Berkeley in the British countryside, that the virus is still the most terrible enemy of mankind, but it is precisely because of people like Jenner that we can strive forward in the darkness and take our lives into our own hands.
