Since December 2019, the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome has triggered the global pandemic of COVID-19, which has caused more than 279 million people to date. Although a number of vaccines have been put into use around the world, with the continuous emergence of mutant strains, the effectiveness of vaccine prevention and control has also been weakened to varying degrees. Therefore, a vaccine that can resist various mutant strains at the same time is urgently needed at present. At the same time, the pathogenicity of the new coronavirus is getting closer and closer to influenza A. If a vaccine can be developed to fight these two types of respiratory viruses at the same time, it will undoubtedly be of great significance to both public health epidemic prevention and clinical diagnosis and treatment.
December 15, 2021, Fudan University Biomedical Research Institute Xu Jianqing/Zhang Xiaoyan Team, Tianjin Medical University Journal of Virology (JVI) A single vaccine protects against SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus in mice . The article introduces , a vaccine that can simultaneously broadly resist the novel coronavirus and influenza A virus .
In order to build a vaccine that simultaneously fights the novel coronavirus and influenza virus , the author used the receptor binding domain of the new coronavirus (RBD) and the conserved stem area of H7N9 hemagglutinin (HA2) for fusing it with the conserved stem area of H7N9 hemagglutinin (HA2) for , and introduced human ferritin (ferritin) to further improve its immunogenicity , and then the fusion immunogen (CoV/Flu) was expressed through chimpanzee adenovirus type 68 (AdC68) . The authors verified the immunogenicity of the vaccine in mice and found that it can induce neutralizing antibodies against a variety of new coronavirus variants. Among them, the neutralizing antibody titers against the Alpha strain are similar to those of the wild strain, while the neutralizing antibody titers against the Beta strain are only slightly lower than those of the wild strain, which is much lower than the current decrease in serum levels of other vaccines or recovered people. At the same time, the vaccine can also induce a strong T cell response against RBD in mice. In the SARS-CoV-2 challenge model, the viral load in the lung tissue of the vaccine group decreased by 3.7 Log compared with the control group, and the pathology of the lung tissue improved significantly, which was also reflected in survival and weight - when the control group was completely dead, the vaccine group survived 100%. Data on influenza viruses by
showed that the vaccine can induce high levels of antibody responses against H7 in mice and have a strong antibody responses against H3. In subsequent attack experiments, it was found that the vaccine has complete protection against the lethal attack of H7N9 and is also well protected against the pathogenic attack of H3N2.
To sum up, AdC68-CoV/Flu can provide protection against SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus in mice, opening up new ideas for the development of broad-spectrum vaccines for respiratory diseases.
original link:
https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/JVI.01578-21
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