Dacheng Hall.
Confucius is a monument in the Chinese historical and cultural corridor. He was a famous thinker and educator in ancient China and the founder of the Confucian school. He was respected by later generations as "Sage Confucius", "Sage of the Supreme Sage" and "Sage of the Supreme Sage". The Confucius Temple , which is spread all over the country, is a place for future generations to worship Confucius, a ritual building that respects Confucius and worships Confucianism in all dynasties in China, and an educational base for cultivating cultural talents. In Fuzhou, the city we live in, there is also the Confucius Temple (Confucian Temple). It is located on Shengmiao Road and is the largest official building in the late Qing Dynasty in the city.
Lingxing Gate.
History traceability
Fuzhou Prefecture Confucian Temple was built in the Tang Dynasty
Narrator: Director of Fuzhou Confucian Temple Storage Office Lin Lijie
The title of Confucius Temple has different names with the changes of the times and the different regions. In addition to being called Confucian Temple, Confucius Temple also has Confucian Temple, Academy, School, County School, Prefecture School, Wenxuanwang Temple , Xiansheng Temple, Confucius Temple, and Xianshi Temple. But no matter how you call it, it is related to the sacrifice to Confucius. Confucius Temple is divided into ancestral temple, national temple and school temple. Among them, the temple of the school is also called the Confucian Temple, which is mainly distributed in the local area. The size of the building is divided into three levels: prefecture, prefecture and county.
The formation of the Fuzhou Prefecture Confucian Temple can be divided into several stages: it was built in the early Tang Dynasty, and it was just one temple and one hall in the early Tang Dynasty; by the middle of the Tang Dynasty, Li Yi promoted the school, and the Confucian Temple moved from the northwest of the city to its current location, expanding its scale, ushering in the first major development; the Song Dynasty was a period of rapid development of the Confucian Temple in Fuzhou Prefecture, and the Confucian Temple was rebuilt in the early Northern Song Dynasty, and the integration of temples and learning was implemented, and the scale continued to expand; the Southern Song Dynasty was the peak of the development of the Confucian Temple in Fuzhou Prefecture, and its scale reached its peak, claiming to be "the most prosperous in the southeast"; although the scale of the Confucian Temple in Fuzhou Prefecture has shrunk during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it has formed a basic pattern; after 1949, it was converted into a school, a Red Guard Shopping Mall, a Youth Palace, etc. At the beginning of the 21st century, the Youth Palace was moved out, and the Cultural Relics Department repaired the Confucian Temple to restore the old pattern.
The existing building was built from the first year of Xianfeng (1851) to the fourth year (1854) of the Qing Dynasty. It faces north and south, with a north and central axis length of about 116 meters and a east and west length of about 65 meters. The total area is 7552 square meters and a total construction area of about 4,000 square meters. It takes Dacheng Hall as the core, and the courtyards are entered in the north and south in sequence, adopting a traditional architectural layout method that is symmetrical left and right along the central axis. From south to north, there are Lingxing Gate, Foreyard, Dacheng Gate, Courtyard, Yuetai and Dacheng Hall; on both sides there are corridors, Township Sages, Famous Official Temples, and East and West Wings, etc., and its architecture fully reflects the style of official buildings in the Qing Dynasty. It was announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit in May 2006.
As the largest official building in the late Qing Dynasty in Fuzhou city, the main building of the Fuzhou Confucian Temple is characterized by the simplicity and elegance of the Qing Dynasty. The building materials are huge and well preserved. The Dacheng Hall, caisson and platform reflect local characteristics and are rich in artistic value.
Protect and inherit
In order to do a good job in restoring the Confucian Temple in Fuzhou Prefecture, the city’s cultural relics department conducted surveys, surveys, mappings, and photography of the current status of the Confucian Temple on the basis of careful investigation of the history of the Confucian Temple, and completed survey reports, current status surveys, restoration design drawings, planning design drawings, restoration overall plan reports, etc., and invited provincial and municipal cultural relics, architecture, and archaeological experts to conduct many demonstrations on the restoration status survey and mapping and overall restoration plan design to determine the specific restoration plan of the Confucian Temple. The
restoration plan is based on the principle of "repairing the old as the old", based on the original structure, supported by historical materials, following the traditional construction rules, adhering to the principle of "demolition is reasonable and preservation is well-founded", strictly in accordance with the "Cultural Relics Protection Law of the People's Republic of China", and effectively retain the overall layout, craftsmanship characteristics and artistic style of the original building. According to the actual situation of the Confucian Temple, the cultural relics department has basically restored the style of the Confucian Temple through the third phase of restoration and achieved good social response.
Fuzhou Confucian Temple, as part of Fuzhou Museum , has received millions of visitors in recent years. The latest exhibitions include the Fuzhou Ancient Education History Exhibition, the Fuzhou Top Scholars Exhibition and the ritual and music culture exhibition, which will help to systematically and comprehensively display the architectural groups and historical values of the Confucian Temple to the public.
In terms of cultural exchanges between the cross-strait , Fuzhou Confucian Temple also played an important role: the first traditional adult ceremony for Taiwanese students in Fuzhou universities in November 2018 was held at Fuzhou Confucian Temple, and the first cross-strait joint Confucius Ceremony held here on September 28, 2014 is the largest joint Confucius Ceremony between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait to date.
In recent years, Fuzhou Prefecture Confucian Temple has also set up a moral lecture hall. Now hundreds of moral lectures have been held, with an audience of thousands. The Moral Lecture Hall promotes positive energy in society and spreads new trends of civilization by preaching traditional virtues and moral models.
In terms of museum-school cooperation, Fuzhou Confucian Temple has won the favor of major universities for its rich historical and cultural resources, superior geographical location and vast buildings. Many schools have carried out club activities, book month activities and off-campus teaching activities in the Confucian Temple, which have been well received by teachers and students.
has entered a new era, and the core value of "respecting teachers and encouraging learning" in the Confucian Temple remains unchanged. The official schools of the Zhou Dynasty included the etiquette of preaching the ancestors of sages and teachers, which fully demonstrated that China has had a tradition of respecting teachers and valuing education since ancient times. Later, as Confucius' influence expanded, the Funeral Ceremony was specially used to refer to the highest ritual of worshipping Confucius. Nowadays, in addition to being an open cultural relics protection unit, Fuzhou Prefecture Confucian Temple also reminds us to "respecte teachers and encourage learning."
Expert comments
Director of Fuzhou Museum Zhang Zhenyu
Confucius Temple is an eternal cultural temple for the Chinese nation. The Confucius Temple is also integrated with the historical prefectures, prefectures, county schools, academies, and tribute schools. It is a physical carrier for studying ancient education and the imperial examination system. Therefore, the integration of temples and learning is the most prominent and distinctive fundamental point of Confucius Temple. Building temples and worshiping Confucius represents a cultural spirit.
Fuzhou is a national historical and cultural city with a coastal zoulu and a famous documentary country. The Confucius Temple is a place of enlightenment and memory for the inheritance of Fuzhou's cultural heritage.
In order to fully explore the core of the Confucian Temple and highlight the unique characteristics of the Confucian Temple, we hold a public welfare moral lecture every week (not during the epidemic period) and restore a series of sacrificial and ritual activities in the Confucius Temple, such as: worship of Confucius and apprenticeship, coming-of-age ceremony, lot-taking ceremony, etc. This year, three special exhibitions were updated, "Zou Lu Famous Country, Cultural Context, and Ancient Fuzhou Education Exhibition", "The Imperial Examination, Great Proud World - Fuzhou Top Scholars Exhibition", and "Recognizing Etiquette and Knowing Benevolence, Listening and Knowing Virtue - Literary and Music Culture Exhibition", which were specially created for the Confucian Temple. Through special exhibitions and related study activities, the sound of thousands of years of book revolves around the Confucian Temple Hall again. Today, when we face our ancestor Confucius, we still have the same admiration. The Confucius Temple has always been a holy temple in the hearts of scholars all over the world.
Dacheng Hall interior view.
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