Zhuge Liang
In the period when the Three Kingdoms were in doom, the heroes came together. But whether it’s Cao Cao, who is "a powerful minister in the world and a traitor in troubled times," Liu Bei who is "a great talent and even wins the hearts of the people", or Sun Quan who is "bearing sons like Sun Zhongmou", will have to be around on the way to accomplish his great cause. The help of counsellors and generals.
The most well-known among them is Zhuge Liang, the "Wizards of the World", who shined in the period when the heroes competed. Liu Bei once said, "There is Kongming for loneliness, and there is water for fishes." When he was critically ill, Baidi City Tuogu, entrusted Zhuge Liang's hard work and son to Zhuge Liang. Fulfill his last wish-destroy Cao thief, Kuang help the Han room. Zhuge Liang took over this important task, and even after Liu Bei died, he launched five Northern Expeditions, but he didn't know why he failed repeatedly.
Liu Bei Baidicheng Tuogu, Zhuge Liang, in order to complete his mission to the Northern Expedition
Liu Bei was originally from Zhuo County Zhuo County (now Zhuozhou City, Hebei Province). When he was young, he always insisted on persuading people by reason and governing people by virtue. The principle of this has attracted many talented people to follow. After Z7z finally experienced the Battle of Chibi, through its own efforts, it successfully won Jingzhou and Yizhou and established the Shuhan regime.
Liu Bei
However, not long after Liu Bei occupied Hanzhong, his good brother Guan Yu, who had befriended him, launched a war against Cao Wei. Although he captured the ban and beheaded Pound, he became famous for a time. However, Lv Meng of Dongwu used a trick to attack Jingzhou-let his subordinates smuggle to Jingzhou pretending to be businessmen, resulting in Guan Yu being captured by Wu Jun, and was eventually killed.
In the first year of Zhang Wu, Liu Bei established the Kingdom of Shu in Chengdu. In the same year, he led the army to avenge Wu for his good brother Guan Yu. At this time, his other good brother Zhang Fei was killed because of beating and scolding his subordinates. Facing the messenger sent by Sun Quan, Liu Bei, who was angry, directly scolded him back. When waited until the following year, Liu Bei personally led the army to defeat Wu, but failed and retreated to Baidi City, known as the "Battle of Yiling" in history.
waited three years for Zhang Wu. Faced with the death of the two brothers, Liu Bei gradually felt unable to do what he wanted, and eventually became sick in bed. In March, summoned Zhuge Liang and Li Yan, entrusted his son Liu Chan to Zhuge Liang, and repeatedly ordered that the Cao thief must be suppressed and the orthodox of the Han Dynasty restored. On April 24th, Liu Bei died of illness at the age of 63. After Zhuge Liang arranged for Liu Bei's burial, he supported Liu Chan's power, and after the state of Shu gradually stabilized, he launched the Northern Expedition.
Baidicheng Tuogu
Why does Zhuge Liang have to expedition to the north?
Shu was built for three years. Zhuge Liang knew well that now that Shu has just changed its monarch, the situation is a bit turbulent and it is not suitable for the northern expedition. But Shu can't sit still, and must become stronger. At this time, some people in the south were rebellious, so Zhuge Liang led the army to march south and adopted the suggestions of his subordinates. Z6z first defeated the Yongkai army, and then captured the local chief Mengchu seven times. He was convinced and finally put down the rebellion. During the Southern Expedition, Zhuge Liang obtained a lot of resources and formed a powerful army of Wudang Feijun. After a period of accumulation, he finally had the basis for the Northern Expedition. In the four years of Shu Jianxing, Wei Wendi Cao Pi passed away, and the Wei state also had a lot of turmoil. Zhuge Liang seized this once-in-a-lifetime opportunity and led the army in the northern expedition to .
Zhuge Liang
Actually, it took Zhugeliang more than a year to prepare before launching the Northern Expedition. You can see how difficult the Northern Expedition was. Z6z Obviously Zhuge Liang knew this well, but why he insisted on this. When to launch the Northern Expedition?
From the most obvious aspect, Zhuge Liang initiated the Northern Expedition, in fact, part of the reason was because of Liu Bei's deathbed entrustment. Liu Bei is a rare master of Zhuge Liang. Whether in the reform of political affairs or the use of military strategies, Liu Bei has given him full trust and respect. The two are both monarchs and good brothers. So Zhuge Liang naturally couldn't bear it, and Liu Bei's last will be forgotten.
from a deeper level, now the three countries stand together, it seems that they are equally powerful. However, the actual situation was due to Liu Bei’s battle of Yiling. The situation gradually became unfavorable for the Kingdom of Shu. and Liu Chan just ascended the throne, regardless of status.Still, the prestige is far less than Liu Bei, and there is no good policy to change this situation.
Liu Chan
The development of the State of Shu has not been able to catch up with the State of Wei, not to mention that the State of Wei also monopolizes six states with a large population and strength that cannot be underestimated. If is allowed to develop, the Kingdom of Shu will be in danger. Therefore, Zhuge Liang can only turn defense into offense, obstruct the development of Wei State, and embark on the difficult journey of the Northern Expedition.
Zhuge Liang embarked on the journey of the Northern Expedition, and there were many difficulties along the way.
In the six years of Jianxing, Zhuge Liang released himself in advance to attack Yinxian (now Meixian, Shaanxi) through the Xiegu Road, but in fact he asked the famous Shu Han Zhao Yun to lead a small team of elite soldiers. Attracting Cao Wei's forces, he directly led an army to attack Qishan, Nan'an, Tianshui, and Anding counties. Z6z was unprepared and had to surrender to the banner of Shu.
However, Cao Rui, who took the throne soon, was not in a panic. He sent an army of fifty thousand to break the street pavilion. At this time, Zhao Yun was trapped in the enemy's army, outnumbered, and lost in Jigu and suffered heavy losses. Z7z Zhuge Liang could only return to Hanzhong, and the first Northern Expedition failed. Z2z
Zhugeliang's road map for the Northern Expedition
In the winter of the same year, Zhugeliang took advantage of Wei Bing’s busy attack on Soochow and the gap between Guanzhong’s weak forces and took the opportunity to launch a raid, attack Sanguan, besieged Chen Cang, and Cao Wei’s garrison general defended the city gate and fought. Procrastinate. On the side, Zhuge Liang wanted to persuade him to surrender, and the general defending the city turned a deaf ear. However, the food and grass of the Shu army had not arrived. In desperation, Zhuge Liang could only return to Hanzhong again. For the third Northern Expedition after
, Zhuge Liang led a group of generals to repel Guo Zhun and obtained Wudu and Yinping counties. In the autumn of the following year, Wei was divided into three groups of soldiers and horses to attack Hanzhong, all the way to Xicheng, all the way to Ziwu Valley, and the other way to Xiegu.
Zhuge Liang stationed at Chenggu and Akasaka, and did not move. It coincided with the heavy rain for more than 30 days, and the Wei army could only retreat. The following year, Zhuge Liang of confronted General Sima Yi of the State of Wei. Sima Yi retired first when he was unfavorable. After , the two met again in Hanyang. Sima Yi sent Qingqi as bait, Zhuge Liang retreated to Qishan. And Zhuge Liang once again waited for the grain and grass to fail, so he could only return it again.
Sun Quan
Zhuge Liang did not give up because of these failures. In the twelfth year of Jianxing, after three years of preparation-encouraging farming, let the people concentrate on making wooden cattle and horses for transporting grain and grass, day and night Training soldiers and so on. Z6z once again led the army out of the Xiegu Road, and at the same time sent people to Soochow to persuade Sun Quan to cooperate with the State of Shu to attack Wei. In April, the Shu Army arrived in Yin County and camped. The Wei Army was unable to defend the city and fought a procrastination war again.
However, Zhuge Liang had planned in advance, and understood that the previous failures were due to insufficient grain and grass, so he began to farm the land to produce grain. Sun Quan also decided to respond to the offensive of the Shu army. Z6z personally led an army of 100,000 to attack Wei, but was defeated by the Wei army led by Cao Rui, and retreated to Soochow. On Zhuge Liang's side, Sima Yi led the Wei Jun to turn a deaf ear to the provocation of the Shu Army, and he should not fight. Originally Zhuge Liang was ready to fight a protracted battle, but he became seriously ill due to overwork and eventually passed away.
The reason for the failure of the Northern Expedition-there is no time, place, people and
Obviously Zhuge Liang was in good condition in the previous wars, but why did he lose repeatedly when the Northern Expedition came? In fact, if you carefully analyze the situation at the time, you will find that the state of Shu at the time of had no advantages in terms of time, location, or harmony.
Zhuge Liang
Zhugeliang launched the Northern Expedition at a wrong time. At this time, the talents of the Shu Kingdom were withered. The important pillars of Shu Han such as Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Liu Bei, etc. died one after another, and Zhuge Liang alone carried the burden. On the other hand, Z6z Wei Guo can compete with Zhuge Liang in the military, Sima Yi, martial arts high-powered leader Cao Zhen, and Dongwu is under the leadership of a hegemon, Sun Quan, and Zhuge Jin's plot. The chance of winning is naturally much smaller in Shu, where does not meet.
is the problem of geographical environment again. The Kingdom of Shu was established in Yizhou, which is now the Sichuan Basin, surrounded by high mountains and a plateau of Pingchuan in the middle, which is easy to defend and difficult to attack. This terrain is not easy for the enemy to attack, but the Shu army is also not easy to get out. Because of the loss of Jingzhou, the route of transportation of grain and grass in Shu has been lengthened, and the roads are rough and difficult to walk.Knowing that the wooden cows and horses are running out, this problem cannot be completely solved. The lack of food and grass supply directly led to the two failures of the Northern Expedition.
Guan Yu
The most important thing is that the internal problems of Shu have not been resolved. On the surface of Yizhou, it looks calm, but the tide is raging. The Kingdom of Shu is divided into three powers: the Jingzhou faction headed by Zhuge Liang has been following Liu Bei; on the way to Sichuan, he defected to Liu Bei's Dongzhou Army; and finally the local forces in Yizhou. The three major forces of
themselves have many contradictions, and no one accepts them. Because the Dongzhou Army joined Liu Bei's camp on the way, it was originally due to the situation at the time that they defected to Liu Bei, so many conflicts arose. Fortunately, Liu Bei, a sociable master, dealt with it and took the initiative to win over Dongzhou party people. But now Liu Bei has passed away. Although Zhuge Liang is extremely wise, he is really struggling to adjust the contradiction between the two sides.
Li Yan
Especially Zhuge Liang and Li Yan of the Dongzhou faction have never dealt with each other. The reason for the two lack of food and grass was because of his deliberate negligence. The Yizhou forces have always been xenophobic and very repulsive of being controlled by others. Although the relationship with the other two factions is not lukewarm, , but when they disagree, there will be a period of cynicism. Zhuge Liang absorbed the predecessors to "rule with mercy The lesson of "Shu" is to implement "ruling Shu with strictness." Due to severe punishments and severe laws, the people were harsh and the contradictions gradually increased.
Liu Chan also did not have Liu Bei's ambition to dominate the world. He was an easy-going character , so after Zhuge Liang's three Northern Expeditions failed, he gave up the idea of the Northern Expedition, and did not provide any support to Zhuge Liang as usual.
inappropriate timing, geographical restrictions, internal disputes in Shu, even if Zhuge Liang did his best, put all his heart and energy on the Northern Expedition , did nothing to make up for it, and ultimately regretted his death. And Zhuge Liang's death was a heavy blow to the Shu Han. Liu Chan was simply unable to resist Wei's encroachment, and Shu Han soon perished.
