"That voice and color are not what I value. Since the gods and immortals are so dark, they are mostly in vain in their dreams."
This is the fifth son of Zhu Yuanzhang - Zhu's surprise 's confession. As the brother of a mother of , the records of Zhu Su in the history of the Ming Dynasty seem ordinary, forming a sharp contrast with his brother Zhu Di. This led to some admirers and researchers of Zhu Di who thought that Zhu Shi was a bit embarrassing in the Ming Dynasty, but in fact, 's skills were all pointed in other fields, and he made great contributions to the whole world.
Zhu Xu is Zhu Di's younger brother
Zhu Xu, who is the fifth son of Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu Xu and Zhu Di are only 1 year apart. Hongwu three years , Zhu Yuanzhang named Zhu Di as King of Yan and Zhu Xu as King of Wu. Later, Zhu Yuanzhang believed that Wu was not suitable for governing the vassal kings. After all, it was a major land of state finances. Therefore, in the eleventh year of Hongwu, changed Zhu Xi to the King of Zhou, and asked him and Zhu Di to stay in Fengyang.
The so-called " dragon has nine sons , each of which is different." Although Zhu Su and Zhu Di are brothers of their own, their natural talents are very different. He and Zhu Di were always together in childhood, but they were much more mediocre than this brother.
Zhu Su was Zhu Yuanzhang's fifth son
In the 14th year of Hongwu, 20-year-old Zhu Su received the order to go to Kaifeng to "just the vassal". In the 7th year, under the appointment of Zhu Yuanzhang, he led his troops to Beiping Prefecture to deliver food and grass. After that, Zhu Su was silent for 7 years, and there was no way to leave anything worthy of writing on " Ming Shi ".
In contrast, Zhu Di, he has been active in Fengyang since the ninth year of Hongwu. "The folks are all knowledgeable." After and other people became the vassal of Yan in the 13th year of Hongwu, Zhu Di began to cultivate his own power and showed his first achievements in the court.
Zhu Di's bust
was very embarrassing in the Ming Dynasty
In the same year when Zhu Di was appointed You Zongzheng, Zhu Yu was angry because he left the fiefdom to Fengyang without authorization, and was detained by Zhu Yuanzhang in the capital to learn the rules. He was allowed to return to the fiefdom two years later. At this time, Zhu Xu was already in his thirties, but still "has no contribution to the country". seems particularly mediocre among Zhu Yuanzhang's many sons. To summarize the few records of Zhu Xu in historical materials, it is not difficult to find that during the Zhu Yuanzhang period, Zhu Xu participated in relatively large military and political activities. was only three times:
- The first time was at the beginning of the 28th year of Hongwu. Zhu Xu and his brother Zhu 㭎 led their troops out of the frontier, with the task of "building cities and farming";
- The second time was in the 29th year of Hongwu, when Zhu Xu seemed to lead his army to patrol the pass of Peking ;
- the third time was in the article "Continued Books·Hengfu Jishan Zhou Gong": Zhu Xu once followed Zhu Yuanzhang to the north, but was only active in the later period, and basically played a role in "cleaning the battlefield".
The Ming Dynasty prince in the movie and TV series
In addition to this, Zhu Xi has been basically "standing on Kaifeng" for other times, and can be regarded as a very marginalized vassal king in the early Ming Dynasty.
Zhu Su was so marginalized, and he was still suspicious of Emperor Jianwen , who later ascended the throne. Of course, the biggest reason why Emperor Jianwen suspected Zhu Xi was not because Zhu Xi had the ability to replace him, but because his identity was special.
Emperor Jianwen, who was determined to reduce the vassal states, was extremely worried that and Zhu Di were the same brothers, Zhu Su, would help his brother. To be on the safe side, Emperor Jianwen directly demoted Zhu Su to a commoner and exiled to Menghua area, Yunnan. Three years later, Zhu Xu was called back by Emperor Jianwen of and placed under house arrest in the capital.
Portrait of Emperor Jianwen Zhu Yunwen
As for the reason why Emperor Jianwen placed Zhu Su under house arrest in the capital, from the social background at that time, Emperor Jianwen should have wanted to use Zhu Su to control Zhu Di and let Zhu Di accept the reduction of the vassals obediently.It was obvious that Zhu Di didn't care about Zhu Su's experience. Just the same year that Emperor Jianwen was under house arrest, Zhu Di seemed to have finally found a reason to seize power by rushing troops and directly drove Emperor Jianwen off the throne after a battle.
If Zhu Di hadn't cut the mess quickly and seized power, it would have been possible that Zhu Su would be placed under house arrest by Emperor Jianwen until his death. A vassal king lived such a miserable life, which was a world of difference from Zhu Di's experience. It's no wonder that some people said that Zhu Su was embarrassed at that time. After all, he had no dignity and had to be at the mercy of others.
Jianwen Emperor in the film and television drama
contributed a lot to the world
It is true that from the perspective of military and political perspective, Zhu Xu is indeed an extremely marginal figure. He is not as ambitious and talented as his brother Zhu Di, but this does not mean that Zhu Xu has no contribution at all. He just clicked all the skills in his life on Medical . in medicine, Zhu Xun's contribution has been recognized by scholars from all over the world.
Zhu Xiong in his youth has already devoted himself to research in botany, medicine and literature. Judging from the confession of Zhu Su at the beginning of the article, Zhu Su had no intention of arbitrating power. This may also be the reason why he accepted Emperor Jianwen’s demotion. In the eyes of people at that time, Zhu Xu was exiled to Yunnan, but Zhu Xu himself may not really think so.
The Ming Dynasty prince in the film and television drama
After he arrived in Yunnan, he paid great attention to people's livelihood and suffering. Seeing that the living environment of the local people is harsh and the people are prone to infection with various diseases, Zhu Xu organized many good doctors to write the book "Pocket Prescription" .
The book contains more than 43,000 simple prescriptions for , and many of them are secret recipes used by Zhu Xun Mansion. Because of the rigorous compilation, the prescription experience of medical scientists of all generations has been summarized, and it has the characteristics of "convenient and practical, family-borne and effective" . During the Ming Dynasty alone, it was reprinted more than ten times, and was highly valued by doctors.
Zhu Xu has made great achievements in medicine
After the publication of "Pocket Prescriptions", the health of the people in the southwestern border areas was protected. It was also during the compilation of this book that Zhu Xu realized that prescriptions and works to save wasteland are of great significance to the people. he placed all his thoughts and resources on the compilation of works, rather than floating in the sea of officials.
From the 24th year of Hongwu to the 4th year of Yongle , Zhu Xu spent 15 years of to compile and publish herbal learning books - " Rescue the Waste of the Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal Herbal
In "Saving the Wilderness Materia Medica", records 414 plants, and nearly 2/3 of are not found in this cursive . and the most rare thing is that this book is easy to understand, and each plant is equipped with corresponding illustrations.
Illustration in "Saving the Wild Materia Medica"
Even if the people without much culture, they can still identify whether the plants in the wild can be edible through illustrations. This is of great significance to the people of the Ming Dynasty who have experienced war. They can follow the map and go to the wild to find plants that can fill their stomachs when the agricultural harvest cannot support themselves.
Not only that, Many doctors in the Ming and Qing dynasties also used this book as a reference for materials and directly quoted it. such as Li Shizhen when writing "Compendium of Materia Medica", he directly quoted the pictures and texts in "Saving the Wasteland Materia Medica". Wu Qijun also directly quoted the materials in "Saving the Wasteland Materia Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica M
Illustrations in "Compendium of Materia Medica"
is also a bit special. In "Saving the Wasteland Materia Medica", not only introduces wild edible plants, but also records various novel ways to eliminate certain edible plant toxicity. provides some inspiration for 's adsorption and separation method in the field of phytochemistry in modern . After
entered 17th century, "Saving the Waste of Materia Medica" was introduced to Japan, and caused an uproar in the Japanese materia Medica academic community, greatly promoting the development and development of Japanese materia Medica.Ueno Yoshizo once gave a high evaluation of this book:
"The "Saving the Wasteland Materia Medica" has concise origin, characteristics, records, accurate drawings, and content that is not found in books such as "Compendium of Materia Medica". This undoubtedly has a great impact on the naturalization of materia Medica."
"Saving the Wasteland Materia Medica"
In addition to Japan, which occasionally returns to China for good things, "Saving the Wasteland Materia Medica" is also paid attention to by experts in Russian and British and American related fields.
For example, Russian botanist E. Baylor, through his research on "Saving the Wild Materia Medica", pointed out that the woodcut technology in the book was nearly 70 years earlier than the West; and American scholar W. T. Shi Wengao, who believes that "Saving the Wasteland Materia Medica" is "the earliest known in the world and is still the best monograph at that time to study the rescue of the Wasteland edible plants."
Illustrations in "Saving the Scarlet Materia Medica"
If the above examples focus more on "Sallet Materia Medica", then American scientific historian G. Sutton 's eyes are focused on Zhu Su, the important creator of this book. He summarized Zhu Xi's work in the book "Introduction to the History of Science" and highly praised it:
"Zhu Xi is an accomplished scholar. His botanical garden was an outstanding achievement in the Middle Ages, and his "Saving the Wasteland Materia Medica" may be the most outstanding Materia Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica Medica M
"The work of Zhu Xu and others is a great contribution to the humanitarianism of the Chinese. Zhu Xu is not only a great pioneer, but also a great humanitarian."
Perhaps from the perspective of the times, Zhu Xu was embarrassed in the Ming Dynasty. As a vassal king, he was too docile and willing to go with the flow. However, focuses on the whole world, and Zhu Xu has made considerable contributions. he spent his whole life, and laid a solid foundation for the research on materia meridians and botany in countries around the world.
