When did die in the Ming Dynasty? Regarding this issue, when Manqing entered the customs , they insisted that Ming Dynasty died in Li Chuang and died in Chongzhen. hanged himself. The reason why Manchu said this was to find a just excuse for entering the customs - for Chongzhen. Revenge, with this excuse, the Manchus even believed that the best way to win a country in the past dynasties is this dynasty.
Although the Manchus took Chongzhen's hanging as a sign of the death of the Ming Dynasty when they entered the country, Emperor Qianlong more than a hundred years later believed that the Ming Dynasty died when Hongguang was executed.
On the twenty-fourth day of the tenth month of the fortieth year of Qianlong's reign, an edict was issued saying: "Among the books that were sent to various provinces according to the former regime for destruction, there was Zhu Lin's "A Brief Collection of Records of the Ming Dynasty." I have read it in detail, and the narration and the facts of the Ming Dynasty are all called this dynasty as and the Qing Dynasty , and respectfully carry the temple name of my Taizu, Emperor Gao. The words are still respectful and obedient, and there are no absurd or unscripted words, so there is no need to destroy or ban them. The only reason why other provinces inspected and confiscated them together was because Zhejiang Province once appended the reign names of the three kings in the late Ming Dynasty to the book and asked for it to be destroyed, which was allowed. Due to the comments and compilations of "Tongjian Collection", Confucian officials cut off the Fu Wang facts after the dynasty was established. I believe that during the succession of dynasties, advancement, retreat, and seizure are of great concern to all eternities, and we must weigh them in a balanced manner before we can agree to an agreement. If the previous generation had the bad habit of partiality and favoritism, I really don’t think so. For example, in the late Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng was trapped in the capital, and Jiangzuo 's remaining ministers came to welcome King Fu Tucun's clan. At that time, the country was half a jade, and the territory could be relied on. If King Fu can establish a country and strengthen itself, it will be a continuous line, which is comparable to the Song Gaozong Jian Yannan crossing . Especially because of its dissoluteness and weakness, the king and his ministers behave like sparrows in the palace, and they will find themselves subverted. However, the scale of partial peace has not been lost, and it cannot be extinguished by the example of national destruction. The special order was to add the reign name of King Fu after Jiashen, still following the example of "fenzhu", and the outline was written with the word "ming" to distinguish it; until wuhu was implemented, the big book "Death of the Ming Dynasty" was started. And when I read it, I explained it in detail one by one. The reason for the compromise is that it is in line with human feelings and the principles of heaven, so as to show the world to future generations. As for the kings of Tang and Gui, they escaped to Fujian and Yunnan, lingering and no longer being a country. They were similar to the two kings Shi and Bing who lived on the islands in the late Song Dynasty, and they cannot be compared to the example of King Fu. Therefore, it is not loaded in "Compilation". However, the two kings were members of the Ming Dynasty clan. They were different from the robbers of different surnames, and they were not false trusts. Moreover, although the beginning and end of it are not clear, they were called Zunshan for more than ten years, and their deeds are also worth examining. Instead of listening to private narrations from people who don’t know, which will lead to falsehoods and nonsense; why not make an appointment with everyone, so that you can know the secrets of the day, but if they are so poor and unreliable, you can correct the differences in the rumors. Also, if the ministers under him refused the king's troops because of their travels at that time, most of them regarded them as false officials. However, in the meantime, such as Bai Wenxuan , Li Dingguo , etc., there are works dedicated to the adopted son of a thief, which is inconsistent. In the Ming Dynasty, he was collectively called a "thief" and a "pseudo". It should be regarded as an example of "stealing" in the "Spring and Autumn" book; and The Five Tigers such as Jinbao and others are running rampant and controlling the country, and there is no trace of it. If other people were unyielding and unyielding for their masters, so that they died, it is not certain; compared with Wen Tianxiang and Lu Xiufu of the Song Dynasty, the reality is similar. Although at the beginning of the establishment, the military power was quickly wiped out, and they had to be punished for disobeying orders; but everyone was in a trivial situation, and they were the same, and they were true to the principle of "loyalty to what they do". So far, it has been concluded for a long time, and I am deeply grateful for it, and I don’t want it to be forgotten without being passed down. Even if the writing is accurate, it is still possible to describe the matter as involving two kings, so as to maintain a slight distinction between internal and external aspects; while the official's writing is "a certain king and a certain official", so there is no need to denounce it as a forgery. The author submitted it to the president of Sikuquan Library, and summarized the summary of the two kings of Tang and Gui, and published the names and deeds of the ministers who died at that time one by one. The end of "Tongjian Collection". For those who comment on history to correct their names and verify them, they all know that I am the most upright and impartial, without any partiality or selfishness. However, the subtle explanations and secrets in my appearance are also beneficial to the meaning of my grand prize and its strict meaning. All "Ming Dynasty Chronicles" need not be banned and destroyed; and this encyclical will be informed."
Let’s talk about the standards of the Qing Dynasty. Let’s talk about the standards of the Republic of China. After the demise of the Qing Dynasty, the government of the Republic of China organized the preparation of the "Manuscript of the History of the Qing Dynasty". In the "Manuscript of the History of the Qing Dynasty: The Biography of Wu Sangui", it was believed that Li Dingguo died of illness and the remaining tribes The Qing Dynasty marked the death of the Ming Dynasty :
[In the first year of Kangxi, good news came, and the prince of Sangui was ordered to enter and administer Guizhou.Summon Aixing'a to lead his troops back. In April, Sangui held You Lang and his son, strangled them with a bow and string, and sent his mother and wife to the capital to commit suicide. Dingguo Shang came and went to wait for news from Youlang. Sangui ordered Zhang Yong, the admiral, to garrison Pu'er and Jiangwei with more than 10,000 men. Not long after, Dingguo died violently. Sangui recruited his son to succeed him, and more than a thousand people surrendered, and Ming Dynasty perished. 】
——"Draft of Qing History·Biography of Wu Sangui"
During the Anti-Japanese War, Chairman Mao pointed out in " Strategic Issues of the Anti-Japanese Guerrilla War": "Our enemies are probably still there to destroy the Song Dynasty and The Qing Dynasty destroyed the Ming , the British occupied North America and India, the Latin countries occupied Central and South America, etc. "From this point of view, he does not think that the Ming Dynasty died in Chongzhen, but in the Qing Dynasty.
Finally, let me tell you my opinion. I personally believe that the murder of Emperor Yongli is the sign of the demise of the Ming Dynasty.
1 In 276, the Yuan army fell into Lin'an, and Emperor Gong of the Song Dynasty surrendered.
1 In 279, Lu Xiufu threw himself into the sea after defeating Emperor Bing, and the Song Dynasty died.
1644 Emperor Chongzhen committed suicide.
In early 1662 (the end of the fifteenth year of Yongli), Emperor Yongli was captured and hanged on the order of Wu Sangui in April. Ming Dynasty died.
