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Community Rehabilitation is an effective and economical rehabilitation service proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1976. It is different from the traditional medical rehabilitation model and aims to improve disability. The quality of human life, in a true sense, realizes the self-esteem, self-confidence, self-reliance, and self-improvement of the disabled in participating in social life. In this way, the responsibility of the disabled to reintegrate into society is extended to the entire society, providing protection for the disabled to integrate into society and realize themselves. Now the United States has perfected the implementation system of community rehabilitation for children with autism, and is in a leading position in the world. The following introduces what policies and implementation measures the United States has in the process of improving the community rehabilitation implementation system for children with autism.
The Act to Protect the Rights of Children with Autism
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), as amended in 1990, included autistic children in the scope of special education services for the first time, stipulating preschool ASD Children have the right to free and appropriate public education, including education guidance and related services. Complete legal provisions fully protect the rights of children with autism. This gives autistic families great confidence in community rehabilitation and allows autistic parents to believe that their children can be treated equally as normal children.
The Combating Autism Act (CAA) signed by US President Bush in 2006 stipulates that nearly $1 billion will be invested in research, early diagnosis and intervention of autism after 2011. The bill stipulates that every state will establish childcare facilities and a rehabilitation community for children with autism spectrum disorders. Provide good rehabilitation and care services to children with autism.
The government vigorously subsidizes community agencies
Federal government funding is the most important source of income for community agencies . In the 2007 financial appropriations finally approved by the US Congress, it provided a total of 37 million US dollars for autism health resource and service management projects Amount of funding. In addition, a total of US$16.5 million and US$1 million were provided to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Autism Program and the Autism Inter-agency Cooperation Committee. With sufficient funds, the community will have better infrastructure and professionals, and will pay more attention to the rehabilitation of children with autism, so that children with autism can get good rehabilitation services in the community.
The government stipulates that an autistic patient should be equipped with more than a dozen staff to take care of him . These staff include diagnostic experts, psychologists and psychological counselors, professional trainers, volunteers in life care, etc., and all All costs are paid by the government. Greatly reduce the financial burden of autistic families. In addition, the government should provide a series of training measures for those specialized autistic community rehabilitation trainers to ensure that they can provide individualized rehabilitation needs for different autistic children, improve the quality of community rehabilitation services, and speed up Cure children with autism.
Complete implementation system of community rehabilitation for children with autism
Currently, there are more than 6000 autism-related services and research institutions in the United States, which are widely distributed in various states, and are showing a trend of continuing to increase. These institutions can be roughly divided into 23 categories, provides a series of support and services from scientific research to boarding, etc. . For example, government agencies and departments, school education agencies, medical evaluation and diagnosis agencies, rehabilitation research and intervention agencies, information and support services agencies, community service agencies, and so on. It can be seen that American communities have formed a complete institutional system for the rehabilitation and life of autistic children. With the help of professionals, autistic children can receive professional treatment and carry out normal studies and life.
Participants in the community rehabilitation of children with autism in the United States have formed a relatively complete system. includes government officials, diagnostic experts, psychologists, psychological counselors, professional trainers, teachers in community schools, parents of children with autism, and volunteers in daily life. The government invests a large sum of money every yearProfessional trainers are trained. The treatment and daily care of children with autism are followed up by professional personnel, which provides a strong guarantee for children with autism to go out of the community and integrate into the society.
Source: Qian Xuqiang, Liu Chunling,
Community Rehabilitation of Children with Autism in the United States and Enlightenment, 2013 (8) The
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