This summer is really hot, and going out is like walking into a furnace. From July 12 to 13, the highest temperature in some areas of Shanghai reached 40 degrees Celsius for two consecutive days. Based on historical daily temperature data analysis, reporters from The Paper found

The Paper reporter Zhao Zuoyan Wang Yasai

Hot, hot, hot! This summer is really hot, and going out is like walking into a furnace.

From July 12 to 13, the highest temperature in some areas of Shanghai reached 40℃ for two consecutive days. With the addition of moisture, the body temperature can reach as high as about 50°C.

Shanghai has issued a high temperature red warning today (July 14). It is expected that the maximum temperature in the central urban area, Pudong, Minhang and other places will reach 40℃.

The Paper reporter based on historical daily temperature data analysis found that the highest temperature exceeded 40 degrees for at least three consecutive days, only 23 times in the past 71 years.

High temperature warnings are constantly coming from dozens of provinces and cities across the country. In June, Zhengzhou’s ultra-long standby and high temperature became a hot search topic. Recently, patients with heatstroke have been sent to hospital in many places, and there have even been cases of death from heat stroke .

We are facing more and more extreme heat weather.

· Summer is getting hotter ·

"40.9℃! The temperature in Shanghai tied the highest record since 1873."

"The highest temperature at 31 weather stations in Jiangsu yesterday refreshed the highest value in mid-July since 1961."

" Countries such as Japan, Italy, Norway, Iran, and Finland recorded record high temperatures in June. "

Over the years, we have always seen news about temperatures in various places breaking historical records for the same period. Is this hype or reality?

Judging from historical data, we are indeed facing new and increasingly hot high temperature records. Every little white dot that appears in the

picture means that the month broke the record for the highest temperature in the same period in history. It can be seen that in the past 50 years, small white spots have appeared more and more frequently.

Since 1973, the record of global surface (land) monthly average temperature has been broken 82 times in the past 50 years. On average, nearly two months every year the temperature exceeds the same period in history.

·The "stove city" rolled in ·

China's "stove city", the "heat" is also changing: the number one "stove city" has a rising proportion of high-temperature days.

In 1951, Xi'an ranked first in the number of hot summer days, accounting for 45%, with an average of 13 days per month between June and August with the highest temperature exceeding 35°C. If the data of

reaches 2020, it will only rank sixth. Fuzhou, which ranked first that year, had 79% of high-temperature days in summer, with an average of 24 high-temperature days per month between June and August.

Chongqing and Fuzhou are frequent visitors to the list of hot stoves that have topped the list over the years, appearing 18 and 17 times respectively. At the same time, there are also new figures appearing: such as , Nanning, , and Shijiazhuang.

Night is supposed to be the coolest time, but in some cities, the lowest temperature throughout the day exceeds 28°C, which can be called a "night furnace."

According to China Weather Network, in the high humidity environment in the south, the body temperature will rise linearly. The relative humidity at night in the south can generally reach about 60%. At this humidity, the temperature of 28°C is actually close to the feeling of 30°C.

The Paper reporter found through data analysis that the number of high-temperature days in "night furnaces" is also increasing. For example, Nanchang , which has always been at the forefront, had an average of 1.3 high-temperature days at night per month from 1951 to 1960 (the daily minimum temperature exceeded 28°C). However, in the past two years, this number has increased to 4.4 days.

In addition, Shanghai is gradually becoming the new night-time stove.

In the face of more and more frequent extreme hot weather, remember to pay attention to heatstroke prevention and cooling, and try to reduce unnecessary time spent outdoors.

"Stove City" ranking calculation method and details of missing city data

For the convenience of calculation, only daily temperature data of 31 provincial capital cities and municipalities are statistically analyzed. my country divides daily extreme maximum temperatures into three levels: high temperature ≥35°C, hazardous high temperature ≥38°C, and highly hazardous high temperature ≥40°C. Calculate the proportion of days exceeding these three levels in each city from June to August each year. They are sorted by the proportion of days with high temperatures, the proportion of days with hazardous high temperatures, and the proportion of days with highly hazardous high temperatures.

The following cities lack corresponding year data: Chengdu (after 2003), Fuzhou (1951, 1952), Guiyang (2013, 2015, 2018), Haikou (2020), Hefei (1951), Lhasa (1951, 1952, 1953, 1954 ), Nanchang (2013), Shanghai (before 1991), Shijiazhuang (1951, 1952, 1953, 1954), Tianjin (1951, 1952, 1953), Xi'an (after 2008), Changsha (before 1987).

In addition, some cities lack temperature data for some dates, and the results in the figure are for reference only.

Senior Editor of this Issue Zhou Yuhua