On October 18, 2022, in the distant Taklamakan Desert , dozens of green lakes suddenly appeared in the deserted land that no one cares about. Why did the country suddenly have such a miraculous scene, which has suffered a lot of governance difficulties and has not achieved results in many hardships? Is a variable in nature, or is it a pleasure for experts to end their hardships? Let's find out.
Long-term drought is met with nectar, and lakes appear in deserts
The world's land area is about 162 million square kilometers, and the boundless vast desert accounts for one-third of its proportion. 48 million square kilometers of drought and semi-arid areas are expanding wantonly at a terrifying rate of 60,000 square kilometers per year. At the same time, 43% of the land area is facing the risk of desertification, and the harsh development of the ecological environment has reached a point that cannot be ignored.
China is currently one of the countries with the largest desert environment, the widest distribution and the deepest harm in the world. Its desert area reaches 2.62 million square kilometers, accounting for 27% of the country's land area. my country's deserts are mainly Taklamakan Desert, Gurbantonggut Desert , Badain Jilin Desert , etc. At present, the country's overall desertification is still showing an expansion trend.
Desert formation has many reasons, such as the Indian Thar Desert, which is restricted by the environmental pressure and cannot be involved in warm and humid airflow. For example, the Karahadi Desert in South Africa, which is affected by subtropical high pressure and has short precipitation, or the Taklamakan Desert in Xinjiang, which is inland and cannot be affected by ocean water vapor.
The desert problem exists in Xinjiang region of my country is particularly serious. The 107 square kilometers of boundless desert still makes many experts feel headaches. The formation of desert is the result of the hybridization of many factors. In addition to climate drought, forest deforestation, grassland destruction and sparse vegetation, wind and sand are also the original conditions for desert formation.
wind is the driving force for the creation of deserts. Sand is naturally the most basic material existence to form the desert. When the mud and sand attached to the ground are continuously blown away by the wind, revealing the dark yellow rocks on the ground, the desolate Gobi Desert begins to take shape. Some fine stones roll with the wind and accumulate together when encountering obstacles, sand becomes a hill and becomes a desert.
Ecological governance and glacier melting
The Xinjiang Desert has been complicated and the governance environment is harsh. It has long been an Olympiad Mathematical Question for the improvement of the ecological environment of New China. However, on October 18 this year, a news about Takramagan emerged and quickly became a hot search, allowing China's thousands of elevating people to see the hope of turning the Xinjiang Desert into an oasis again.
News has several photos attached. I saw at first glance that in the Taklamakan Desert in Xinjiang, with yellow sand everywhere, there are several blue lakes nestled in it. The interweaving of the lake and the desert is like the embellishment of the bright moon and the night sky, and like deep eyes and dark pupils, which complement each other and are very beautiful.
is located in the center of southern Xinjiang, the Taklamakan Desert in the center of Tarim Basin, , and 1,000 kilometers from east to west and 400 kilometers from north to south. It has a total area of 330,000 square kilometers. It is the well-deserved largest desert in China. Uyghurs call it a place where you can enter and cannot get out.
You should know that the average annual precipitation in the Taklamakan Desert is very sparse, no more than 100 mm at most, and less than 10 mm at least. However, due to sparse vegetation and vicious sunlight, the Taklamakan Desert evaporates water by more than 3,000 mm every year. This terrifying number has exceeded the rainfall in 95% of my country's areas. In such a situation where it is not enough to make ends meet, what causes the lakes in the desert to be produced?
Currently, under the hot spots about the Taklamakan Desert in Xinjiang, tens of thousands of enthusiastic people left messages saying, "With the waters of the Taklamakan Desert are sufficient, quickly plant trees and expand the vegetation area."H The people's speeches were of course from good intentions, but will the work of greening in the Taklamakan Desert be so simple? Is the deadlock that has been silent for many years so easy to break?
The truth behind the desert The reason for the formation of lakes
However, experts have confirmed that the reason for the formation of the blue lakes in the Taklamakan Desert is not the result of years of management of the Xinjiang desert. After all, desert management can only be controlled by continuously reducing the area, and cannot carry out large-scale environmental transformation in the short term. The real reason for the formation of the Taklamakan Desert Lake is affected by climate and glaciers. From a long-term perspective, this is even a bad thing worth pondering and worrying. Things.
Deputy Director of the Urumqi Desert Meteorological Research Institute of China Meteorological Administration explained that such desert lakes usually evaporate completely in the form of exposure and infiltration. With a little lake in the Taklamakan Desert, it is undoubtedly a fantasy to recreate the grand scene of the Loulan oasis.
mentioned earlier that Taklamakan Sand The reason for the formation of the desert lake is influenced by climatic factors. After observation by the Urumqi Meteorological Station, the desert lake is located in Rencun Village, Luobu, Yuli County. The village has always been famous for its abundant water content. The ecological water below the Tarim basin is the reason for its abundant water content.
In recent years, with the intervention of human factors, the world temperature has been rising year by year, and there are countless more this summer. The city has broken through the historical high temperature. We have experienced the impact of the high temperature on the city, but the impact on the ecological environment is even stronger.
The continuous subtropical high pressure of the northwest Pacific has an impact on Qingtan Plateau . When the warm and humid air passes through the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and comes to the Taklamakan Desert and meets the cold air, an unprecedented heavy rain will be formed, which is also the Tarim River The reason for the highest rainfall this year is the most popular for ten years.
The second is the influence of glacier melting water. The rising temperature caused glaciers to melt. There are 26 rivers in the main and tributaries of the Tarim River. This year, a large flood that exceeded the cordon line broke out, which directly caused the upstream river path to reach 1.5 times that of previous years. Glacier melting and river flooding have been superimposed many times, resulting in the Tarim River flooding. Flooding, rivers overflowing, causing many lakes to appear in the desert.
For this reason, experts said that these lakes in were formed entirely because of floods and heavy rains, and had no ties to the control of deserts. A large number of water sources poured in and did not receive penetration and sediment in a short period of time, which caused a brief accumulation on the surface of the desert. It was not so much a lake as a puddle.
So where will these lakes go in the end? Is there no space available? The answer is cruel, that is, no. During the subsequent long-term high temperature process of the Taklamakan Desert, most of these lakes will evaporate completely, and a small part will penetrate into the lower layer of the desert. However, due to the low rainfall and high temperature of the Taklamakan Desert, these water sources that penetrate into the bottom layer of the desert will eventually evaporate, and there will be no trace of existence at that time.
However, the reason why the Taklamakan Desert Lake is a bad thing is closely related to the reasons behind it. The global temperature rises and the melting of glaciers is an urgent topic, and the ecological harm it causes has begun to show its sharpness in everyone's lives. How to stop and improve the harsh development of the ecological environment is the first problem that human society needs to be solved in today's current problems.
Author: Tianyu Proofreading: Chuanchuan
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