Uncle Wang is 50 years old this year. He is a truck driver and has been traveling around the country for many years. Although the truck business is not as easy as before, because of the heavy responsibility of the family, Uncle Wang always gritted his teeth and persevered year af

Uncle Wang is 50 years old this year. He is a truck driver and has been traveling around the country for many years. Although the truck business is not as easy as before, because of the heavy responsibility of the family, Uncle Wang always gritted his teeth and persevered year after year. At the beginning of the year, he still planned to stop running the truck when his son graduated from college next year. However, God made a big joke for him, because he always felt a slight pain in his stomach recently. At that time, he mistakenly thought it was stomach disease caused by long-term irregular diet, so he went to the pharmacy to buy omeprazole and took it but it still didn't relieve it.

has no choice but to go back to the hospital in my hometown. When it saw that the B ultrasound report prompted "liver placeholding" on the report sheet, it already had an unknown premonition. Uncle Wang was then admitted to the hospital, further improving the relevant examinations, and remembered them when the doctor communicated with him. I suffered from hepatitis B more than ten years ago and then stopped taking the medicine on my own. Seeing that it had nothing to do over the years, I thought I was cured, but I still didn't know that it had developed to the point where I had liver cancer . Then it is unknown whether the next thing that is waiting for Uncle Wang is surgery, targeted treatment or transplant. After all, when it develops to the point of liver cancer, you can imagine the effect. Today I will use this case to give you a popular science explanation about liver cancer.

brief introduction to liver cancer

primary liver cancer is one of the malignant tumors with high prevalence and mortality rates worldwide, accounting for about 7% of all tumors, and about 600,000 people die from the disease every year. The Global Cancer Report 2014 released by the World Health Organization (WHO) pointed out that China's new cases and deaths of liver cancer account for the world's first. Moreover, as early as the "2013 China Tumor Registration Annual Report", liver cancer ranks second in the incidence of malignant tumors. Therefore, clarifying the main pathogenic factors of primary liver cancer in my country and early prevention and treatment is the key to reducing the occurrence and progress of the disease.

Cause analysis of primary liver cancer

liver cancer, commonly recognized as HBV, HCV infection, aflatoxin intake and drinking unclean water for many years. In addition, alcoholism, smoking, obesity, steatohepatitis, , diabetes, hemochromatosis, , hematologic infection, selenium deficiency, etc. may also be related. As early as the 1970s, Chinese scholars summarized the first-level prevention of of liver cancer as the seven-character formula of "anti-mold, water-changing, and hepatitis", which has been actively implemented in some areas with high incidence of liver cancer for many years.

What I am here today is that the occurrence of liver cancer is closely related to HBV and HCV, and this point has also been recognized. Among the liver cancer patients in my country, more than 90% have evidence of HBV and HCV infection, so preventing hepatitis virus infection may prevent the occurrence of liver cancer. Since 1990, my country has listed the vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine as the content of children's program immunization of , and has been quickly promoted in urban and rural areas. The vaccination rate has reached 96.9% among urban children, and more than 80% in rural areas.

This is still the cohabitation data from many years ago. In the current childhood immunization plan, you must receive the first hepatitis B vaccine as soon as you are born. Therefore, to this day, the existing hepatitis B infected people or hepatitis B carriers in my country are more common in some middle-aged and elderly people, because there were no mandatory vaccination plans in that era, so there were more hepatitis B patients, and liver cancer patients naturally increased in proportion. Since my country implemented hepatitis B vaccination, at least 30 million people have been prevented from being infected with HBV.

Second, the effect of aflatoxin B1 in rodent experiments has been affirmed. More studies believe that the effects of aflatoxin B1 and HBV induce liver cancer are synergistic. Drinking unclean water for many years is related to the incidence of liver cancer. It has been proven that toxins such as microcystin and nodularin in unclean water have carcinogenic and cancer-promoting effects. It is also believed that such toxins have a synergistic carcinogenic effect with aflatoxin B1. However, with the improvement of sanitary conditions, the improvement of people's living standards, the enhancement of health awareness, and the construction of national infrastructure, the incidence of liver cancer caused by this cause has been greatly reduced.

Third, In the past, Alcohol played a role in promoting the occurrence of liver cancer.There have been studies that have shown that the relative risk of liver cancer in people who continue to drink after hepatitis has tripled. However, recent studies have found that alcoholic cirrhosis without hepatitis virus infection also has a certain cancer rate, so it is pointed out that alcohol is also a liver cancer-causing substance. A Meta analysis of results for Chinese people showed that the relative risk of alcohol-induced liver cancer was 1.56. Nowadays, alcoholic cirrhosis is increasing in my country. A provincial hospital in southwest China reported that the proportion of alcoholic cirrhosis in cirrhosis caused by all kinds of causes was 10.8% in 1999, and by 2003 it had increased to 24.0%, accounting for 23.1% of all hospitalized liver disease patients. Therefore, alcoholic hepatitis -alcoholic cirrhosis-liver cancer should be taken seriously.

Comprehensive summary

The first point is also an extremely important point, and it is still to strengthen vaccination. For example, for some adults and middle-aged people, those who do not have antibodies, you can consider vaccination with hepatitis B vaccine without any contraindications; my country's past policy of preventing liver cancer "prevent mold, change water, and prevent hepatitis" is based on the understanding of the causes of liver cancer in the 1970s. Nowadays, with the development of my country's economy, people's material and cultural living standards have improved, but they do not pay attention to a healthy lifestyle, there are many drinkers, excessive fat diet and lack of exercise, etc., which leads to the increasing number of alcoholic liver diseases, , fatty liver diseases, and diabetes,

, and these diseases may eventually lead to the occurrence of liver cancer. secondary prevention of liver cancer in the past mostly refers to the clinical prevention of "early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment". However, with the progress of antiviral treatment for HBV and HCV, it has been clearly stated that the purpose of antiviral treatment is to delay the development of the disease and prevent the occurrence of complications such as cirrhosis and liver cancer. In other words, antiviral treatment can prevent the occurrence of liver cancer, that is, the epidemiological prevention of liver cancer. Therefore, for existing patients with viral hepatitis , you must take the medicine on time, follow up regularly, take the medicine under the guidance of a doctor, and avoid stopping the medicine on your own.

So in the treatment of liver cancer, surgical resection is still the preferred option, and some cases can survive for a long time or even cure after surgery. However, only early cases have the possibility of surgical resection and can be eradicated after surgery. Therefore, the clinical prevention of liver cancer is summarized in one sentence. Early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment are the correct answers.

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