Hepatobiliary diseases
(1) Mechanism of action and pharmacology effects
1. Detoxification drugs: they can provide thiol or glucuronic acid to enhance the detoxification function
2. Metabolism-promoting drugs and vitamins: their effects can promote matter and energy. Metabolism, maintaining the activity of various enzymes required for metabolism. Representative drugs: potassium and magnesium aspartate, various water-soluble vitamins and various amino acids preparations
3. Essential phospholipids: used for mainly caused by liver cell membrane damage. Acute and chronic hepatitis and drug-induced hepatitis , alcoholic liver disease , toxic hepatitis, etc. Representative drugs: polyene phosphatidylcholine
4, anti-inflammatory drugs: exert anti-inflammatory effects through various mechanisms, including Hormone-like effects
Representative drugs: compound glycyrrhizin and magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate
5, enzyme-lowering drugs: biphenyl diester and bicyclol, which are characterized by reducing serum alanine aminotransferase, but have a positive effect on aspartate aminotransferase The role of transferase is not obvious. Bicyclol is a structural derivative of biphenyl , and its elimination half-life in the body is 6.26. H
6, choleretic drug : can promote bile secretion and reduce bile stasis
representative drug: adenosylmethionine and Ursodeoxycholic acid
Adenosylmethionine is used to treat autoimmune hepatitis and sclerosing cholangitis biliary cirrhosis and various cholestasis.
(2) Representative drugs:
1, Bicyclol: Treatment of elevated aminotransferase caused by chronic hepatitis
Note: There are liver function compensatory diseases such as bilirubin significantly increased, hypoalbuminemia , Liver cirrhosis, ascites, esophageal variceal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, and hepatorenal syndrome should be used with caution.
2, polyene phosphatidylcholine : Oral preparations are suitable for patients with toxic liver damage (such as liver damage caused by food, drugs, toxic chemicals and alcohol) as well as fatty liver and hepatitis with loss of appetite and right upper quadrant compression.
Note: Injections contain benzyl alcohol . Preparations containing benzyl alcohol can cause fatal "wheezing syndrome" if given to neonates and premature infants. It is contraindicated in neonates and premature infants. Oral preparations must not be used in children under 12 years old.
injection can only be formulated with 5% GS and 10% GS or xylitol injection.
3, tiopronin : used to improve liver function of various acute and chronic hepatitis, treatment of fatty liver alcoholic liver drug-induced liver injury and detoxification of heavy metals, reduce adverse reactions of radiotherapy and chemotherapy , and can prevent radiotherapy Chemotherapy-induced peripheral leukopenia is also used for senile early cataracts and vitreous opacity.
Note: This drug may cause all the adverse reactions of penicillamine , but its incidence of adverse reactions is lower than that of penicillamine;
Patients who have used penicillamine in the past and have experienced serious adverse reactions should use it with caution;
Contraindications: Patients with severe hepatitis accompanied by complications such as high-grade jaundice, refractory ascites and gastrointestinal bleeding, renal insufficiency patients with diabetes , patients with acute severe lead and mercury poisoning .
4, Silybin meglumine: can stabilize liver cell membranes, protect the enzyme system of liver cells, and remove active oxygen free radicals in liver cells, thereby improving the liver's detoxification ability and avoiding long-term exposure of liver cells to poisons.
Indications: adjuvant treatment of acute and chronic hepatitis, early cirrhosis and toxic hepatitis;
Note: The safety of the drug is not clear for women and children during pregnancy and lactation.
