Structured Teaching Method (TEACCH: Treatment and Education of Autosticand related Communication Handicapped Children) was proposed by a department specializing in the study, support and promotion of autistic children's education. It is the most highly rated training course for children with autism in European and American countries. It provides a comprehensive and structured teaching method for the treatment and training of children with autism.
Structured teaching emphasizes the coordination of skill training and the environment, attaches importance to family participation and family and professional cooperation . Through structured teaching, children can understand and understand the requirements and changes of the environment, understand the relationship between cause and effect, enhance children's desire for communication and improve children's communication skills, so as to achieve the purpose of integrating into society and independent life.
Next, let’s take a look at the 5 components of structured teaching.
* part of the picture provided by Xing'er Watcher parents, thank you for sharing!
1. Visual arrangement
. What is visual arrangement?
Visual arrangement is to make appropriate arrangements for the environment, materials and procedures so that children can understand and understand the meaning of it using their visual discernment ability.
. What are the common visual arrangements?
★Visual clear display
Visual clear display is to clearly display important information or objects.
For example: When performing classification learning, if you classify by the shape of the object, you need to highlight the shape of the object. At this time, you need to select objects of the same color but different shapes; if you classify by the color of the object, you need to select objects of the same shape with eye-catching colors to highlight the focus of the classification.
▲Blocks with clear colors and shapes
▲Pairing toys
Also for example: in the classroom, we can stick a card in a conspicuous position of the children's chair. The card contains the children's photos or names, so that children can see and know their seats.
▲The name sticker behind the kindergarten chair
★Visual organization
Visual organization is the method of arranging objects and spaces. With the help of orderly organizational arrangements, children can understand it through visual identification.
For example: concentrate all the materials of the same teaching aid on a large tray instead of scattered on the desktop; or divide the desktop to be cleaned into 4 small portions so that children can understand how to clean it in an orderly manner. In this way, children can better understand the scope of their work and the space and materials involved.
▲Central classification storage and placement of toys and teaching aids
★Visual indication
Visual indication is to use text, pictures and objects to arrange the work to be completed into a model, explaining the content and steps of the work, so that children can understand how to complete the work as soon as they see it.
▲Schematic diagram of the steps for placing and brushing the teeth on the sink @ Hanhan Dad
▲Schematic diagram of the steps for stacking/hanging clothes @ Youyou Mom
Visual indication can help children integrate and organize different parts, thus forming a series of steps. According to this step, children can complete their work in an orderly manner. For example, in self-care training, use words and pictures to indicate each step and teach children to do it according to instructions. Help autistic children master some skills faster and develop good habits.
▲Schematic diagram of hand washing steps
. Why can visual arrangements help children with autism?
Visual arrangement allows children to use their visual advantages to learn, helping them improve their ability to understand the environment. For those autistic children with weak hearing ability, visual arrangement can help them overcome communication and language barriers, so that they can learn better.
2. Regular
. What is regular?
routine is some routine programs used in daily life and study to adapt to the requirements of the environment.
★Create regular
Let children establish the order of doing things. For example: study first and then get rewards, read instructions first and then do things.
★Create a regular
Let children understand the concept of completion. For example: setting up a finished basket, when the work program is completed, put the object into the designated basket (complete basket) , and the work is completed.
▲Complete basket (high-end version) contains finished objects
Also, for example: the materials contained in a large pallet are taken, and the empty large pallet means that it is completed.
When performing work and activities that cannot be quantified, the ringtone of the voice timer is used to indicate the end of the work and activities.
▲Timer used by parents @小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小小� Establish a “left to right, top to bottom” program that allows children to know how to start work in an organized manner.
▲Schematic diagram from left to right, from top to bottom
★Create a time program table for viewing conventional
Look at the time program table before each work.
★ Establish a regular
When working independently, work according to the instructions given in advance.
. Why help children establish routines?
Autistic children cannot understand the requirements of the environment. They cannot respond appropriately to the requirements of the environment according to routines, that is, their behavior often manifests itself as inconsistent with the environment and inconsistent with our social routines. They act according to some meaningless routines they have.
Therefore, we establish appropriate routines for children to help them organize their information and plan their own activities well, and improve their ability to solve problems and understand the environment. Establishing meaningful habits can also help them improve their stubborn behavior and make their social performance more ideal.
3. Environment arrangement
. What is environment arrangement?
Environmental arrangement is to use clear boundaries to divide different activities and learning spaces for children, so that children can understand the relationship between activities, learning and the environment, and master the requirements of the environment for them.
. What are the benefits of environmental arrangements for children with autism?
Autistic children cannot properly distinguish the environment. They do not know where to play and where to learn. The environment arrangement of children determines a scope, and then uses visual prompts to let them understand the activities and requirements related to the content of the activity, helping them to show appropriate behaviors that meet this requirement when performing this activity. Environmental arrangements can also allow children to focus on meaningful parts of the environment, ignoring other irrelevant stimuli.
. What are the common space ranges?
We can divide individual tutoring areas, game areas, personal work areas, group activity areas, dining areas, etc. according to children's activities and learning needs.
▲Kindergarten area division@Youyoumom
▲Home area division@Xiaozemom
▲Home area division@Xiaoyimom
▲Toy corner@Little Prince Mom
4. Program timetable
. What is a program timetable?
program schedule tells children the activities they carry out daily or during a certain period of time, as well as the order of the activities they carry out.
. What are the common program schedules?
★Full-day process schedule
displays the schedule for each activity throughout the day.
▲Magnetic program table @ Hanhan Dad
▲Pack-inserting photo program table @ Xiaoze Mom
▲Velcro photo program table (continued by the picture) @ Xiao Prince Mom
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▲ (Continued with the picture above) There is a small box above the program table to represent the time period, which is used to place photos. Photos of completed items can be placed in the box @小学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学学�
. What are the benefits of program schedules for children with autism?
By showing children the program schedule, they can make full use of their visual advantages to accept instructions. When "looking" the program table to carry out activities, they will be able to understand the procedures and requirements of the activities better.
When you need to change the activities and workflow , just changing the program schedule can help children understand and deal with changes in the environment or program, reducing the anxiety caused by changes in the program.
5. Personal Work System
. What is a personal Work System?
Personal work system is a system for establishing children's independent working skills.
. What are the benefits of autistic children?
Autistic children have difficulties working independently in an organizational environment. Establish a personal work system and arrange time for children to study and work in the personal work system, so that they can master the skills of completing work in an organized and hierarchical manner. Help children to build the ability to work spontaneously and independently to achieve the purpose of independent living.
▲Children complete tasks in their personal work system
After children have the ability to work spontaneously and independently, they are more likely to choose to study or work instead of repeating their stereotypes when they are alone.
. What kind of system is a personal working system?
Personal work system applies the ideas of visual arrangement, environmental arrangement, routine, and program schedule in structured teaching, and establishes a teaching system through specific teaching materials.
▲Personal work system @Xiaoyi Mom and Dad
This system can be used in classrooms and homes. The trainer tells children how much work to do, what is the work, what order is it done, and what will happen after finishing the work.
In the personal work system, trainers can only add the work content that children have mastered in this link to avoid giving too much attention because children do not know how to complete the work, and failing to cultivate independent work ability. Trainers only provide a little assistance if the child cannot complete his work independently.
