"Vacation Syndrome"? Let’s take a look at the “lying flat” life of the ancients
The 7-day holiday of National Day ends. Do you have a good holiday? In the current epidemic situation, it seems that having a happy and relaxing vacation has become a luxury, and with the end of the holiday, it is immediately welcomed by 7 days of work/study, which seems to be even more painful [covering your face].
At this moment, do you want to "lie flat"? "Lying flat" originally meant lying down and laying your body flat. Now the popular "Ling flat learning" on the Internet refers to a young person's attitude towards life, which means "falling down" in the contemporary social environment, not being excited about his blood, and demanding success. It seems to be a compromise or giving up, but in fact it is a choice to rebel and appeal in a way that does nothing.
The author in front of the screen is probably like this
So, in the long history of Chinese civilization of "five thousand years" there is a period of development and growth of "lying culture"? There must be an answer! And it is extremely popular!
Han Xizai night banquet picture Stamp
Look at the comfortable life of others
During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the current situation was chaotic, the people were living in trouble, and politics was dark. The "arist" class who controlled the core wealth and power of society, so-called "the top class has no poor families, and the lower class has no aristocratic families." The criteria for judging a person's entry into an officialdom are family background, morality, and talent. Family background is the first consideration, which determines a person's upper and lower limits. The so-called "there is no poor family at the top, and no aristocratic family at the bottom". At , the aristocratic family even overshadowed the royal family. There was a saying at that time: "The king and the horse share the world." The "king" here refers to the top aristocratic family at that time. "Ma" refers to the Sima family of the Eastern Jin royal family. This shows the huge influence of the aristocratic family at that time. Under such abnormal development, over time, family background has become the only criterion for judging a person. In such an era, it is conceivable how desperate the poor people at the bottom are in the face of the current situation.
So, in that era, several "lying flat" experts popped up. Their names are common among various unofficial historical anecdotes, such as "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest" and "Pastoral Poet" Tao Yuanming .
Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest: Ruan Ji, Ji Kang, Shan Tao, Xiang Xiu, Liu Ling, Wang Rong and Ruan Xian
Ruan Ji, Ji Kang and Liu Ling are representative figures of the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest", and there are many ways to "lie flat". Ruan Ji was "crazy", Jin Dynasty Sima family controlled the government through despicable means, and finally usurped the throne and seized power, which was despised. However, at that time, many people were still afraid of the authority of the Sima family and could only rely on it. They were called "a ritual and lawful person". Ruan Ji looked down on such people and showed it with rolling his eyes. Only when he looked at him with his appreciation showed his blue eyes. "H Jin Book·Book of Ruan Ji Biography " records: "Ji can also be a blue-black eye. When people who see rituals and customs, they should be white-blacked. As the saying goes, 'Why is ritual for me?' At that time, when he lost his mother, Ji Xi came to chant, Ruan rolled his eyes, but he was happy and left without any worries. When his brother Kang heard it, he prepared wine and zither. Ruan was very happy and saw blue-black eye." He even wrote a song "H Macaque Fu ", comparing the Macaque with rituals and laws to the Macaque with human-faced beast god. However, Ruan Ji did not dare to speak out against the court that held core rights, but just avoided and surrendered. Such a "crazy" man recommended himself as an infantry captain , and even wrote a book of persuasion on his behalf. This pain of not being able to follow his original heart must have run through his life, and his "lying flat" seems to be flexible and changeable.
Ruan Ji is like
Ruan Ji's friend, Ji Kang, who enjoys "green eyes" treatment, is contrary to Ruan Ji. He rarely speaks badly to the rituals and law-abiding people. In his ", the Book of Breakup with Shan Juyuan ", the wording is quite polite, but his accusations are quite sharp for the court and the unhealthy trends at that time. His articles such as "The Grand Master" and "Guan Cai Lun" directly point to the Sima family of the royal family, and even personally participated in the Qiu Jian's uprising operation . He can be called "a jealous of evil" and " speaks frankly and pronounces whenever he encounters things." His words and deeds aroused the resentment of Sima Zhao. In the end, in the "Lu'an Incident", he was slandered by Sima Zhao and was brutally killed by the villain Zhonghui , leaving only an eternal sigh in history, "Guangling is scattered in today's extinction."
Guangling is now scattered
The fourth year of Jingyuan (263, the third year of Jingyuan), Ji Kang's friend Lu An wife Xu was raped by Lu An's brother Lu Xun . Lv An was angry and wanted to sue Lu Xun. Ji Kang had dates with the brothers Lu Xun and Lu An, so he advised Lu An not to expose his family's shame and to preserve his reputation. But Lu Xun was afraid of revenge, so he took the initiative and falsely accused Lu An of being unfilial, causing Lu An to be arrested by the government. Ji Kang was very angry and came forward to testify for Lu An, which angered Sima Zhao. At this time, Zhong Hui, who had always had a grudge with Ji Kang, took the opportunity to advise Sima Zhao to frame Ji Kang. Sima Zhao was furious and ordered the execution of Ji Kang and Lu An.
On the day of Ji Kang's execution, three thousand Tai students petitioned collectively, requesting the court to pardon him and requesting Ji Kang to come to the Taixue to teach. Their requests were not agreed. Before the execution, Ji Kang's expression remained unchanged, as usual. He looked at the shadow of the sun and knew that there was still some time before the execution, so he asked his brother Ji Xi for the piano he usually liked to use and stroked a song "Guangling San" on the execution ground. After the song was over, Ji Kang put down the piano and sighed, "In the past, Yuan Xiaoni ( Yuan Zhun ) had studied "Guangling San" from me. I was always stingy and insisted on teaching him. "Guangling San" is about to be lost now." (It is said that "Guangling San" was not written by Ji Kang alone, but was given by an ancient man when Ji Kang was traveling to Luoxi). After he finished speaking, he calmly killed him at the age of forty. No scholars in the country don’t regret it. Sima Zhao soon realized his mistake, but he regretted it.
Liu Ling, to a certain extent, can be regarded as the king of "lying flat" among the kings. He "lying" extremely thoroughly, extremely heroic and extremely indulgent. "Book of Jin: Biography of Liu Ling" describes him like this: Liu Ling, whose courtesy name is Bolun, people from Peiguo. He is six feet long and has a very ugly appearance. Relax your emotions and ambitions, and always focus on the fine universe and all things. Danmo said little, and did not make friends with him. He met Ruan Ji and Ji Kang, and was happy to understand and joined hands to enter the forest. I didn’t mind whether my family property was available or not. He often rides a deer cart, carries a pot of wine, and makes people scatter and follow it, saying, "If you die, you will bury me." His remains are like this. The only time he was an official, he was "lying flat" and only stumbled and did not work. It can be said that he did nothing but did nothing. As expected or as he wished, "Hometimes all achieved high grades and were useless, and he was dismissed from office for being useless." He was dismissed from office for his inaction, and no one recommended him as an official again. He has a deep bond with wine, and it is not the extent to which other people in the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest" love and love wine, but should be called "sick wine". He even wrote " Song of Wine Destiny ", "Only wine is a matter, how can I know the rest?" This is his true attitude towards wine.
In "History of New Languages: Ren Dan ", it records a story: Liu Ling was sick and thirsty, and she followed her wife to ask for wine. The woman donated wine and destroyed the weapon, and cried and advised, "You drink too much, it is not the way to control life, so it is necessary to cut it off!" The Ling said, "It's very good. I can't help myself, but I should only wish the ghosts and gods to swear to cut it off. I can have wine and meat." The woman said, "I respectfully heard my destiny." She offered wine and meat in front of the God, and asked Ling to swear. Ling knelt down and said, "Liu Ling is born in the name of wine. He drinks one huh and relieves the flasks of five buckets. Be careful not to listen to the words of a woman!" Then he led the wine into the meat, and Wei Ran was already drunk. Translation: Liu Ling drank too much and caused alcohol disease. She was very thirsty and wanted to drink, so she asked his wife for alcohol. (He) the wife poured out the wine and broke the bottle of the wine. (Madam) cried and advised Liu Ling, "You drink too much, it is not a way to maintain your health. You must quit!" Liu Ling said, "Okay, I can't quit myself. You can only quit the wine by praying and swearing in front of God. Please prepare wine and meat!" The wife said, "Just follow your wishes." (So), she put the wine and meat on the God's desk and asked Liu Ling to pray. Liu Ling knelt in front of the divine case and said (loudly): "God gave birth to me, Liu Ling, and thought that wine was his lifeblood. He had to drink one hu of water at a time and five hu (, , 10 hu = one hu) to relieve the feeling of being unconscious after sobering up. Women should never listen to what they say!" After that, he picked up the wine and meat, ate and drank a lot, and soon he became drunk.
Liu Ling's disease wine
wine, I think it is probably the thatched cottage where Liu Ling hides from the world, just like the sand covering its head when an ostrich is frightened. That's why he likes to "run naked" after drinking, and is unrestrained, probably placing everything in the wine.
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