Review expert: Zhang Yuhong
Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University
Chief physician of Dermatology
I wonder if you have noticed, what symptoms will appear after being bitten by a mosquito? Why do some people have small red dots, while others have super big mosquito bags? Today, the editor will take you to explore this secret~
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Some people say that if your blood is sucked too much, it will form a large mosquito bag, and vice versa, it will form a small red dot; some people say that this is related to everyone's physique or the type of mosquito.
Mosquito Pack Source | Author
In fact, this is mainly related to the toxicity of mosquitoes and the degree of response of our own immune system.
The immune system consists of immune cells , immune organ and immune substances, which protect human health by fighting foreign pathogens and mutated cells in the body. The blood, tissue fluid, secretion fluid and other body fluids of normal human body contain a variety of substances that kill or inhibit pathogens, such as lysozyme , defensin, phagocytic sterilizer, histones, etc. When pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria and pathogens enter the human body, macrophage in the immune system first enzymatically dissolves them into fragments and displays them on their own surface to become antigen .
When the pathogen enters the body's blood, lymph fluid and other parts, B cells ( lymphocytes from the bone marrow, participate in humoral immunity ) will be stimulated by external antigens to change its shape, increase its volume, and become plasma cell , which can secrete antibodies specifically bind and clear antigens, and exert humoral immunity functions; and when the pathogen enters the cell, T cells (lymphocytes from thymus , participate in cell immunity ) can exert a cytotoxic effect, clear antigens or foreign bodies, and maintain health. After the infection is suppressed for the first time, the immune system will remember the pathogenic substance so that it can respond accurately and quickly if it encounters invasion of the same pathogenic substance.
Immune cells Source | Pixabay
Generally, strong symptoms and itching will appear after being bitten by highly toxic mosquitoes (such as flower mosquito) . If you have never been bitten by a mosquito before, a mosquito flew over at this time. It inserted the mouthpart into the blood vessels of your subcutaneous tissue and endocrine some substances from salivary glands to prevent blood from coagulation, so as to prevent the mouthpart from being able to be pulled out smoothly. After the mosquito sucks blood, pulls out the mouthpiece, the capillaries will bleed, forming a small stagnation point. In addition, the mosquito's secretions will induce a little inflammatory reaction, which looks like a small red dot or erythema.
At this time, because your immune system cannot recognize this "external object", it will not cause mosquito packets, , but the immune system will remember it. When you encounter this mosquito bite again, many immune cells will be gathered within a few seconds, producing substances such as histamine , cytokines, etc. These substances will expand your capillaries, produce itchy, and induce inflammation. Therefore, the mosquito packets will become big and itchy.
If you continue to be bitten by the same mosquito, the immune system's reaction will gradually become "numb", the body's reaction will become weak, and there will be no big mosquito bags. Therefore, whether is a red dot or a mosquito pack after being bitten by a mosquito depends on how much the immune system responds to it. But what we are talking about here is that ideally it is still very difficult to "numb" the immune system. Different mosquitoes have different endocrine substances, and the immune system will "defend" again.
Source｜Pixabay
How to scientifically relieve itching after mosquito bites?
We all have this experience: if you are bitten by a mosquito, you will feel itchy if you don’t deal with it, and the more you scratch it, the more itchy itchy it becomes. So, how can you stop it from the bite of a mosquito?
When you are bitten by a mosquito, it will cause itching, redness and swelling of the skin. Do not scratch it randomly at this time, because this may aggravate the symptoms and may also cause infection. can be applied to the affected area with floral water , wind oil essence or cooling oil. The coolness can suppress the itchy and painful feeling. Some of the aromatic substances have a good effect in relieving redness, swelling and itching. If mosquitoes bite the eyes, nostrils, lips, and skin with wounds, the above medicines should be prohibited.
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If you don’t have the above topical medicines at hand, you can use an ice pack to ice or apply alcohol to the affected area to relieve the itching. Rinse soapy water, aloe juice, etc. can also neutralize acid toxins and relieve itching. It should be noted that Some people like to pinch the word "cross" on the affected area or scratch the affected area. Doing so will not relieve the itch, but will only stimulate the affected area and may aggravate the symptoms.
When mosquito bites you, your reaction is stronger, such as local large bags, redness, swelling, inflammation, ulceration, and ulceration, and the symptoms are more serious, it is best to consult a doctor in time. If an infection occurs in the affected area, several "small black spots" may be left after recovery. This is pigment accumulation, but there is no need to worry, because it will slowly fade over time.
As the main infectious agent of some diseases in summer, mosquitoes poke into the human skin through their mouthparts to suck blood, and expel their saliva or venom, invading our blood, causing dermatitis . In addition, the blood of the bitten person may remain on the mouthparts of the mosquito, which is very likely to cause blood cross-infection when the mosquito bites a person, causing some blood infectious diseases. So everyone must pay attention to personal hygiene and mosquito protection!
