#真知新ordinate##cultural influence#​#红星在线#​Hua Miao's Essay | Experience in Competency Characteristics Research Original Song Huamiao Psychological Stress Reduction Domain Recently, several friends who are working have contacted me one after another, and they all talked about compe

Recently, several friends who are working have contacted me one after another, and they all talked about competency characteristics. Every time I talk about this issue, it seems to evoke memories that have been dusty for many days, and I will talk endlessly. Indeed, I believe that as time goes by, after the group of people who were competent in characteristic research more than ten years ago withdrew from the stage of history, a new group of people will take over and carry out scientific and standardized qualitative research. method is the most effective method of studying competency characteristics.

I have been engaged in applied research on military aviation psychology since I graduated from college in 1984. In 1987, I took on a major project and compiled the "Military Pilots Mental Health Scale". The results of this research have been used as a psychological assessment tool for military pilots to this day. The scale The sources of all indicators are mainly extracted based on quantitative research methods.

In the past 30 years, qualitative research methods have penetrated into various fields of social science research. Since the "Qualitative Research Methods" course was offered to graduate students in 2005 by Professor Liu Li, a Beijing Normal University scholar, it has become the beginning of qualitative research methods in my country. It has solved many problems that cannot be solved by quantitative research methods.

Since 2006, I have participated in the project "Construction and Application System of Competency Characteristics Model for Grassroots Officers", which uses a combination of qualitative research methods and quantitative research methods. The two methods complement each other and obtain scientific and real results. This topic is a project in a certain region. Professor Shikan from the Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences is the co-signer of the project. I was transferred by the regional organization and have been participating as a specific worker on the project. The

project started with behavioral incident interviews. By recording the behavioral incident interviews of a large sample of research subjects on successful and failed incidents, and transcribing the recordings into word manuscripts, 1.1 million words of valuable growth data for grassroots officials were obtained. Then, these data were coded to extract behavioral characteristic indicators that supported the meaning of "successful" events, and a competency characteristic indicator questionnaire was formed. With a 360-degree evaluation and using exploratory factor analysis and structural equation AMOS technology on the obtained data, the scientific authenticity of the structure of the "three-dimensional core competency characteristic model" was successfully verified. The so-called "three-dimensional core" model refers to "three dimensions" and "one core". The three dimensions are "career traits", "growth traits" and "personality traits", and one core refers to "motivation traits". The 19 indicators were sorted according to definition and importance to form a dictionary of competency characteristics of grassroots officers, which became an essential tool in the research process of the project. This project won the first prize of the Military Science and Technology Progress Award in 2014.

In 2012, I participated in or was responsible for the "Research on Pilot Ability and Quality" and the "Research on Psychological Selection and Training Technology Methods of Pilots of New Aircraft Types" respectively, and once again chose the combination of qualitative research methods and quantitative research methods. Through the behavioral event interview technology, qualitative coding technology, as well as the index structure obtained by 360-degree evaluation technology and factor analysis, a concentric circle model of military pilot competency characteristics was constructed. I elaborated on the relevant content in the article "Indicator System and Model Construction of Professional Competency Characteristics for Military Pilots of New Aircraft Types" in " Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine ", Volume 27, Issue 2, June 2016.

The concentric circles go from the center to the periphery, showing the characteristics of competence from depth to surface. The core is psychological motivation, the source of motivation for performance, and the core motivation for career success. Psychological power guides action thinking. It is the driving force to achieve success. It is implicit in thoughts and consciousness. It is a relatively stable or long-lasting trait. It is also a driving force that governs behavior. It is also a person's driving force. Maximum value orientation. Psychological motivation is the most difficult to evaluate but the most important. It is buried deepest and needs to be excavated and cultivated before it can be objectively evaluated.

The middle circle is personality traits, which are related to innate qualities and are an important basis for career development. It is an important indicator for selection and cannot be acquired through training. The flying profession has special demands on personality to match the needs of the profession. The essential, stable, unique and consistent behavioral characteristics displayed in various situations are innate traits.A stable psychological behavioral characteristic that collides with the professional environment and is gradually solidified after professional training and beatings. In human resources management, special emphasis is placed on "person-job" matching, striving to match personal characteristics with the occupation, stimulate maximum effectiveness, and promote career development.

The outer circle is psychological ability, which is the key ability to match the new model. It is a quality ability that is continuously improved through the combination of flight training and psychological training . Its formation and solidification are achieved through constant interaction with the aviation flight environment. It is a psychological guarantee to ensure the stable performance of technical ability levels and a direct reflection of the psychological quality of flight. It is the key technical ability to control flight.

The "Research on Technical Methods for Medical Psychological Selection of Pilots" project that I was responsible for in 2017 fully adopted the previous research results of the pilot competency characteristic model, proposed a technical method for psychological selection, and tested it with empirical validity. The effect is significant. . In fact, over the years, the understanding of the concept of competency characteristics has been deepened. To put it bluntly, the selection and evaluation of talents are to select those personal behavioral characteristics that match the occupation or position and can achieve excellent performance.

The refining of job competency characteristic indicators is a serious and objective process. It is not a process of referring to or copying the competency characteristic indicators of other occupations or positions. In particular, special occupations such as flying occupations or similar occupations have their own unique characteristics and cannot be referenced or copied.

competency characteristics, its core attribute is the association between potential traits and effectiveness standards, and there is a high degree of causality between them. Potential traits imply external expressiveness or inner thinking ability. This kind of ability can be analogized to various situations in personal work or life. It can remain in a person for a long time; it can be predicted. A person's work effectiveness in complex work situations and when taking on heavy responsibilities can be used to predict performance and behavioral performance. Effectiveness criteria refer to the use of specific standards to measure effectiveness, which are related to underlying traits. For example, measuring a pilot's combat effectiveness is to see how successfully he copes with complex environments and how many enemy aircraft he destroys.

has been deeply aware of the research on flight competency characteristics over the years. The concepts of flight-related psychological evaluation indicators and competency characteristics indicators in various literatures are not unified, and the statements are inconsistent, which leads to many right and wrong descriptions. Therefore, it further stimulated my idea of ​​compiling a vocabulary for encoding pilot competency characteristics.

Compiling pilot competency characteristics coding vocabulary is an important prerequisite for studying competency characteristics. It may bring two effects. One is to provide researchers with tools to further study pilot competency characteristics coding; the other is to clarify the interpretation of pilot competency characteristics index vocabulary. , to reduce problems caused by different interpretations of similar words. This coding vocabulary was compiled by myself. During the completion process, my colleague Zhang Yan and Chen Rongrong from a certain base provided assistance. I would like to express my gratitude again. This vocabulary of coding competency characteristics is partly derived from the relevant pilot competency characteristics research project that I am responsible for, and the other part is derived from reference to foreign military aviation psychology literature reports. According to the O*NET classification, the vocabulary is divided into six parts: knowledge, ability, skills, activities, style and value, with a total of 198 words. Each behavioral characteristic word is given an English name, definition or annotation.

The book "Pilot Competency Characteristic Encoding Vocabulary", Tsinghua University Press is in the publishing process. The efficient work efficiency of the publisher's editor has been pushing me to proofread several manuscripts, and it will be published soon. I believe that friends who communicate with me about competency characteristics will soon receive my gift book.

Let’s work together to make feature research more standardized and scientific.

[References] Song Huamiao, Wang Jie. Construction of occupational competency characteristic index system and model for new aircraft types of military pilots [J]. Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine, 2016, 27(2): 81-86.

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