Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, February 28th Question: Accelerate towards the first echelon of the international community - my country's scientific and technological innovation achievements over the past five years
Xinhua News Agency reporter Chen Fang , Hu Zhe
"Innovation is the soul of a nation's progress, an inexhaustible driving force for the prosperity and development of a country, and the deepest national endowment of the Chinese nation."
In 2017, the total social research and experimental development expenditure is expected to reach 1.76 trillion yuan, an increase of 70.9% over 2012; the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress has increased from 52.2% in 2012 to 57.5%, and the national innovation capacity ranking has risen from 20th in 2012 to 17th...
In the past five years, my country's scientific and technological innovation capabilities have improved significantly, the main innovation indicators have entered the forefront of the world, and the level of scientific and technological innovation has accelerated to the first echelon of the international community. In the five years of hard work, my country's scientific and technological innovation has continued to make efforts, achieving major changes in historic, holistic and pattern.
The level of technological innovation accelerates toward the first echelon: entering a new stage of leading and running,
In human history, the Chinese have recorded the light of extreme cosmic phenomena for the first time - in 1054, the Northern Song people recorded the explosion of supernova for the first time.
At 11:00 on June 15, 2017, my country successfully launched the hard X-ray modulated telescope satellite "Xiang Eye" using the Long March 4B carrier rocket at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. This launch also carried three small satellites at home and abroad. Xinhua Society (photo by Zhen Zhe)
Nearly a thousand years later, my country successfully launched its first X-ray astronomical satellite, "sighting" gravitational waves and "exploring" the light of the extreme universe, continuing to write the dream of Chinese space exploration in the new era.
Jiaolong, Tianyan, Wukong, Mozi, Huiyan, big aircraft... A large number of representative major scientific and technological innovation achievements have emerged one after another. Over the past five years, China's scientific and technological strength has been transforming from quantitative accumulation to qualitative leap, from point breakthrough to system capabilities improvement.
Tiangong, Shenzhou, Tianzhou, Chang'e, and Long March series of achievements have attracted worldwide attention. Over the past five years, China's strategic high technology has demonstrated its national strength and deep-sea equipment has formed a functional and genealogical layout.
quantum regulation, iron-based superconducting, and synthetic biology have entered the world's leading ranks. Over the past five years, China's international influence in basic research has greatly improved, and important original breakthroughs have been made in the fields of deep detection, stem cells, and gene editing.
Statistics from the Ministry of Science and Technology show that the national research and experimental development (R&D) expenditure in 2017 is expected to reach 1.76 trillion yuan, which accounts for 2.15% of GDP, exceeding the average level of the 15 EU countries; the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress has increased from 52.2% in 2012 to 57.5%, and the national innovation capacity ranking has risen from 20th in 2012 to 17th.
Minister of Science and Technology Wan Gang said that my country's scientific and technological innovation level is accelerating its pace towards the first international echelon, entering a historic new stage of coexistence of three runs and leading side by side, and has begun to become a global innovation leader in several important areas.
"During this year's Spring Festival, Chinese scientists published more than ten research papers in many internationally renowned academic journals, all of which were produced in China." Nankai University President and Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering Cao Xuetao believes that China's innovation momentum is explosive and is giving birth to the "Chinese School".
The US "MIT Technology Review" recently published an article saying: "It is undeniable that China's scientific and technological research and development capabilities have become one of the most important forces in the world, and can compete with the world's top technology companies in some fields."
Technological innovation increases the "better life": actively leading the new leap in economic and social development
Fuxing successfully operated, and the national high-speed railway mileage has accounted for more than 60% of the world's total mileage; the installed capacity and power generation of renewable energy rank first in the world; the production, sales and ownership of electric vehicles and new energy vehicles account for more than 50% of the world's total; 5G new network architecture and other technologies have been included in international standards... In the past five years, technology has not only made life better, but also actively led the economic and social development to achieve a new leap.
to enter the station by scanning the face, order takeout on the high-speed rail... During the Spring Festival holiday, countless wanderers arrived home safely under the "speeding escort" of China's high-speed rail. The Spring Festival travel rush with a sense of technology made people amazed.
On August 21, 2017, the C2001 "Fuxing" Chinese standard EMU drove from Beijing South to Tianjin into Tianjin. From that day on, the railway department has expanded the scope of "Fuxing" EMU trains, and the Beijing-Tianjin intercity trains will be launched 19.5 for the "Fuxing" EMU trains. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Yang Baosen)
html At the press conference of the State Information Office ended on February 26, Ding Rongjun, an expert in the control technology of China's high-speed rail and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, painted a "imagination picture" of the "future high-speed rail" to reporters: "Peachers take the high-speed rail as if they are taking the high-speed rail." When the China high-speed rail meets "artificial intelligence", the intelligent high-speed rail with a speed of more than 400 kilometers per hour is accelerating.In 2016, China's digital economy reached 22.6 trillion yuan, ranking first in the world in terms of online retail transaction volume and electronic information product manufacturing scale. The organic combination of technological innovation, business model innovation and huge market size is profoundly influencing and changing the global industrial structure, and the rapid iteration of "Chinese-style innovation" has attracted worldwide attention.
Artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, etc. lead the rapid development of the digital economy, platform economy, and sharing economy. Over the past five years, China's scientific and technological innovation has supported supply-side structural reform and improvement of people's livelihood, and has effectively driven economic transformation and upgrading and new momentum growth.
On the evening of February 27, Beijing time, Alibaba Cloud simultaneously released 8 cloud computing and artificial intelligence products worldwide at the MWC conference in Barcelona, Spain, including image search, intelligent customer service cloud Xiaomi and other products. Feng Birui, general manager of Alibaba Group Europe, said that China is entering the fast lane of digital transformation, with the new four major inventions, new retail, new manufacturing, urban brain... These experiences and technologies can provide reference for the world, and Chinese technology and Chinese experience are heading globally.
On August 24, 2017, in Nagoya, Japan, people visited China's medical equipment "Lianying 96 Ring PET-CT", which is the first time that a large and high-end medical equipment "China Intelligent Manufacturing" has entered the Japanese market. PET-CT is the English abbreviation of positron emission computed tomography technology. This medical device can scan the human body in all aspects to achieve the purpose of discovering lesions and diagnosing diseases. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Hua Yi
In the fierce competition for international medical imaging research, digital PET can be regarded as a weapon for early diagnosis of major diseases such as tumors, and is known as the "three major items" of medical imaging together with CT and nuclear magnetic resonance.
"Let Chinese patients use domestic PET as soon as possible" is the "bigest wish" of Professor Xie Qingguo, founder of domestic digital PET and Huazhong University of Science and Technology . He said, "After entering clinical practice, digital PET will break the Western monopoly, further reduce the price of imported medical devices, and help solve the problem of expensive medical treatment."
At present, my country has 1.3 million innovative medical device products in primary medical institutions, serving 450 million people; a technical system for the prevention and control of sudden acute infectious diseases has been established, and the Ebola vaccine has been successfully developed, which has demonstrated China's strength in international infectious disease prevention and control.
From implementing the national strategy of innovation-driven development to promoting the "three-part" of promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, innovation has been continuously integrated into the overall economic and social development; from increasing income distribution oriented towards knowledge value, to loosening and reducing burdens for scientific researchers, comprehensively deepening scientific and technological reform, the four pillars of reform have been initially built, and the two wheels of reform and innovation have been transformed together to cultivate fertile ground for innovation, allowing innovation vitality to surge, laying an important foundation for our country to move towards the ranks of innovative countries.
China's basic scientific research sounded the "charge": establish more innovative technology new coordinates
"In the frontier fields of science, bravely breaking into the unmanned land, China's scientific and technological innovation is achieving a major breakthrough in leading original results." Wan Gang said that through strategic high technology, China's international influence in basic research has been greatly enhanced, and world-class innovation platforms have accelerated their layout.
From iron-based high-temperature superconducting to multi-photon entanglement, from discovering a new model of neutrino oscillation to quantum Hall anomaly effect... In the past five years, China's international influence in basic research has greatly improved, and the results have "flowered multiple points". The field of basic scientific research is breaking the monopoly of "the virtuous must be praised by Europe and the United States".
cloned monkey "middle-middle" and " Huahua " were carefully cared for in the constant temperature box of the non-human primate platform nursery in the Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences (photo taken on January 22, 2018). Xinhua News Agency reporter Jin Liwang photo
Not long ago, the cloned monkey "Zhongzhong" and "Huahua" were born in China, and the "sisters" were cute all over the world.
"This is a major technological breakthrough that many experts believe is impossible to achieve." John Lasco, president of the International Society of Cell Therapy, commented on the achievements of Chinese scientists.
Basic research is the source of the entire scientific system and the general organ of all technical issues. Just like a river, basic research is the "upstream", which determines the technological innovation of the "midstream" and the technological promotion and industrialization of the "downstream".
Data from the Ministry of Science and Technology shows that China's basic research funding investment has grown rapidly, from 49.9 billion yuan in 2012 to 82.3 billion yuan in 2016, an increase of 65%. China has become the world's second largest producer of high-quality scientific and technological papers and is making increasingly important contributions to the world's scientific development.
"The foundation is not solid, and the earth is shaken." Many experts pointed out that although my country has made important progress in building an innovative country, there are still some outstanding problems. It is necessary to strengthen basic research for a strong country in science and technology to further enhance the supply of innovation sources.
Vice President of Tsinghua University, Academician Xue Qikun, an internationally renowned experimental physicist, and his team first discovered the quantum abnormal Hall effect from experiments in 2013. This discovery became one of the key experiments that later supported the research results of Nobel Prize winners.
"The fundamental reason for realizing original innovation is to grasp the 'bull's nose' of basic research." Xue Qikun believes that in the new era, we also need more "looking a different approach" in the field of scientific research.
The "Several Opinions on Comprehensively Strengthening Basic Scientific Research" recently issued by the State Council clearly states that by the middle of this century, my country will be built into a major scientific center and innovation highland in the world, and a number of major original scientific research results and top international scientific masters will emerge.
"If you want to do a good job, you must first sharpen your tools." Xue Qikun believes that if you want to discover things that others cannot see or discover in scientific originality, you must have brighter eyes and higher resolution and sensitivity of the instruments and tools you use.
innovation basic platform accelerates the layout, launches the construction of national laboratories, and supports the construction of comprehensive national science centers in Beijing Huairou , Shanghai Zhangjiang, Anhui Hefei... Over the past five years, these bases have formed a tiered layout with 6 national research centers, 494 national key laboratories, 346 national engineering and technology research centers, and 32 national clinical medical research centers that have been laid out.
aims at the forefront of world science and technology, strengthens research on key scientific issues of transformative technologies, and builds a number of national key laboratories in cutting-edge fields... Wan Gang said that in the future, we will focus on my country's long-term development, strengthen the top-level design of basic research, strengthen the basic research talent team, and strengthen forward-looking basic research deployment.
