He has served as Chief of General Staff of the National Revolutionary Army, Chairman of the Guangzhou Political Branch of the National Government, Commander-in-Chief of the Eighth Route Army, President of the Military Senate, etc.
He is a first-level army general of the Kuomintang, the founder and leader of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee of China.
He owed Communists a lot of blood debts during the "April 15th Incident".
"
th Incident ", he and Cai Tingkai and others organized the Fujian People's Government to fight against Chiang Kai-shek and the Communist Party of China. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he and the Kuomintang democrats established the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee to oppose the dictatorial civil war policy of Chiang Kai-shek.
1949, at the invitation of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, he participated in the preparations for the new CPPCC. Since then, he was elected as Vice Chairman of the Central People's Government and engaged in the construction of socialism with .
Let’s review his extraordinary life together.
(I) A young man studied
He is Li Jishen. He was born in 1885 in a rich peasant family who both farm and study, a rich second generation who is not too rich. His predecessors were from Jiangsu and moved to Cangwu County, Guangxi during the Ming Dynasty. My grandfather was a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, and his education level was roughly equivalent to that of a master's degree now; my father was a scholar with excellent grades at that time, and he enjoyed the monthly allowances given by the state. He changed to the publicly paid master's degree in the 985 school today, and they all took teaching as their career.
Li Jishen's father died when he was six years old and he followed his uncle to study. After school, he will participate in field labor or go up the mountain to grazing, and develop a hardworking and simple style since childhood. At the age of twelve, he joined the chief steward, which means he hired a famous teacher to teach and learn to write eight-legged essays. After " Reform and Reform " abolished the eight-legged essay, he changed his studies and policy theory. After renovating the school, Li Jishen entered Wuzhou Central and Western School and met Zhuang Yunkuan, the noble man on his life path, and the Wuzhou Grand Priest, was sponsored by Zhuang Yunkuan. At that time, most people thought that the school had a relationship with a foreign church and were very disgusted, and called those who entered the school "entered children". However, it was precisely because Li Jishen attended the Chinese and Western School and studied hard that he was appreciated by Zhuang Yunkuan. Later, when he was eighteen years old, he was selected by Zhuang Yunkuan to study in the Huangpu Army Middle School, which changed his destiny from then on. When Li Jishen was 20 years old, the Huangpu Army Middle School was cancelled by Army Department . He was incorporated into the Infantry Department of the Army Quick Training School with his class, which is probably similar to the current situation where he studied for two years and obtained a college degree in a vocational high school.
Zhuang Yunkuan
After graduation, Li Jishen was assigned to Guangdong Xinjun as an intern. Later, he was transferred to the New Military Academy Barracks as platoon leader and became close friends with Deng Keng, a company commander and a famous Tongmenghui member. Less than a year after serving in Xinjun, he entered the martial arts lecture hall to study again, which is probably similar to our current on-the-job education, learning classes such as improving skills. In 1910, the Military Consultant Officer School, located in Baoding , was later Army University , asked each province to select people to study. Li Jishen was selected to study in the school to study in higher military studies. This time he finally obtained the qualification to go to junior college to undergraduate and entered 985 University for systematic study.
(II) Participate in the revolution
1911, Revolution broke out. Li Jishen joined the teachers and students in the school to fight against the Qing Dynasty, destroying the Liuhe Railway Bridge near Baoding to prevent the Qing army from moving south.
schematic diagram of the bridge destroying
The following year, Guangzhou was restored and organized Northern Expedition Army , and Yao Yuping was appointed commander. In that year, Li Jishen met Yao in Shanghai, so he went to Yao's army to serve as a combat staff officer and participated in Guzhen, Suzhou , Xuzhou and other battles. Soon, the North-South Armistice and , Vice President and Grand Marshal Li Yuanhong powered on to unload the armor and recruit soldiers. Li Jishen was transferred to the position of Chief of Staff of the 22nd Division and returned to Guangdong with his troops.
1913, Baoding Army University moved to Beijing to start school, and Li Jishen returned to the Mainland University to complete his studies. At that time, Guangzhou was under the control of Long Jiguang, the governor of Guangzhou. Li Jishen was unwilling to return to Guangdong to work and stayed at the school to teach as an outstanding graduate.Many of the students they trained for five years at the National University of Mainland China later became senior commanders of the Kuomintang army. For example, the later National Defense Minister , Xu Yongchang, Guangxi Provincial Chairman Huang Xuchu and others were all his students.
left Xu Yongchang and right Huang Xuchu
In August 1920, Sun Yat-sen established the Law Protection Military Government in Guangzhou. At that time, Li Jishen was heading south to visit his relatives and was invited by Deng Kengzhi, the commander of the First Division of the Guangdong Army, and served as the deputy commander and chief of staff of the First Division of the Guangdong Army. Deng Keng, the commander of the First Division of the Guangdong Army, was the company commander of the company where Li Jishen was in the interning.
In April 1922, Sun Yat-sen set up a base camp in Shaoguan and deployed to fight against the Zhili warlords who controlled the northern regime, Cao Kun and Wu Peifu . In early May, under the command of Xu Chongzhi, the commander of the right wing commander-in-chief of the Second Army, set off from Shaoguan and attacked and advanced through Quannan, Longnan, Jiangxi, Xinfeng , and Princess 1, the First Division crossed to attack and advance toward Ganzhou . On June 5, Ganzhou was captured.
schematic diagram
When the troops were marching towards Nanchang , a counter-revolutionary coup occurred in Guangdong where Chen Jiongming sieges the Presidential Palace. Li Jishen and Liang Hongkai, then commander of the division, were under the secret order of Sun Yat-sen, and led their troops to return to Guangdong to Jingjing Rebellion with the commander of the Second Army. But the first division is complex and three-quarters of its power is Chen Jiongming's old subordinates. So he discussed with Liang: whether he supports Sun to challenge Chen or defeats Sun, there may be differentiation or even merger within the army. In order to avoid this situation, it was agreed not to join Xu Chongzhi in peace, nor to support Chen, and to lead the entire division to leave the army, and transfer from Ganzhou Economic Xinfeng, Dingnan to Dongjiang to Longchuan , Heyuan and other places. From this matter, it is enough to see that Li Jishen is good at thinking independently, not blindly obeying orders from superiors, being able to seek truth from facts, thinking and dealing with problems from reality. Therefore, later, at the moment when the nation was in danger, Li Jishen dared to publicly announce the union of the Communist Party to oppose Chiang and resist Japan.
Schematic diagram
Soon, the Jingyun Army led by Xu Chongzhi and Chen Jiongming's rebels fought fiercely in the Shaoguan area. Just when the rebels of Chen's army were unable to support them, Xie Yi, the commander of the First Regiment of the First Division, Chen Xiujue, the commander of the Third Regiment, and Xu Hanchen, the commander of the Second Regiment, all led their troops to defect and participated in the rebels' return to the Xu army, forcing the Xu army to retreat to Fujian. Seeing this, Li Jishen was very indignant and resigned and returned to Guangzhou.
(III) Punishing Wuzhou
Later, the deputy commander of the First Division Chen Keyu On the order of Sun Yat-sen, he returned to Guangzhou from Shanghai and told Sun Yat-sen that he wanted Li Jishen to continue to stay in the First Division, and he returned to the First Division as the Chief of Staff. In November of that year, Sun Yat-sen appointed Yang Ximin as the commander-in-chief of the anti-thief army, and Liu Zhenhuan as the commander-in-chief of the anti-thief army, and contacted the Guangxi army, Shen Hongying's unit to form the Yunnan-Guangxi coalition army, and set out from Guangxi and went to Guangdong to attack Chen Jiongming. In order to resist the Yunnan-Guangdong coalition forces, Chen Jiongming appointed Ye Ju as the commander-in-chief and commanded Wuzhou. At this time, the First Division was stationed in the area of Zhaoqing and to train. Li Jishen secretly contacted the Yunnan-Guangdong coalition forces and persuaded the division commander Liang Hongkai to launch a mutiny in the Guangdong army. He cooperated with the Yunnan-Guangdong coalition forces to attack from Wuzhou and Hexian, occupy Zhaoqing and Sanshui, and attack Guangzhou, forcing Chen Jiongming's rebels out of Guangzhou and retreat to Huizhou.
left Yang Ximin and right Liu Zhenhuan
In February 1923, Sun Yat-sen returned to Guangzhou from Shanghai, restored the title of Marshal , and rebuilt the base camp. The division commander Liang Hongkai was promoted to the commander of the First Army, and Li Jishen was appointed as the commander and chief of staff of the First Division. Due to the initial construction of the base camp and the funding difficulties, Li Jishen was ordered to lead his troops to station in Xijiang and also served as the director of the base camp's Xijiang Office, responsible for raising funds and solving funding difficulties for the base camp. At this time, Chen Dechun, the former brigade commander of the Chen army of the newly surrendered base camp, attempted to rebel in Jiangmen . Under the secret order of Marshal Sun Yat-sen, Li Jishen led his troops to suddenly surround Chen's brigade before dawn one day. After a fierce battle in the morning, he disarmed all Chen's brigade and consolidated the peripheral area of the base camp.
4 In April, Shen Hongying, a Guangxi warlord stationed in Zhaoqing and Xibeijiang areas, accepted the position of Guangdong Military Supervision appointed by the Beiyang warlords, in an attempt to cause chaos.Li Jishen was ordered to lead his troops to eliminate the Shenyang brigades stationed in Zhaoqing and its nearby Huang Zhenbang and Zhang Xizhai. However, before Li's troops arrived in Zhaoqing, the two brigades of Huang and Zhang had retreated into Zhaoqing City and defended themselves with the city wall. Li ordered the commander of the third regiment, Deng Yanda, to be the commander-in-chief of the siege, and the commander of the 3rd battalion of the regiment, Li Zhenqiu, to be the commander of the siege. Deng sent his troops to dig holes at the foot of the city wall on Qilin Street outside the east gate of the city, loaded explosives with coffins, and broke through more than ten large gaps on the morning of May 18. Li immediately rushed into the city, wiped out all the defending enemies, and captured the enemy brigade commander Huang Zhenbang alive.
Deng Yanda
Shen Hongying heard that both of his brigades stationed in Zhaoqing were annihilated, and hurriedly led his troops from Jingyuan to flee back to Guangxi via Lianxian. Li Jishen immediately led his troops to advance towards Wuzhou. At that time, there were two Guangxi armed forces stationed in Wuzhou area. One was Feng Baochu, the brigade of Shen's army, guarding Wuzhou; the other was Huang Shaohong, the brigade commander of the 8th Brigade of Guangxi Army appointed by Shen Hongying, and Huang had secretly accepted the commander-in-chief of the Guangxi Anti-Bandit Army appointed by Sun Yat-sen. In July, when Li led his troops to attack Wuzhou, he secretly asked the Huang troops to cut off the water and land transportation of the Xijiang Fuhe River upstream of Wuzhou and cooperated with the First Division to assault the Shen army in Wuzhou. Feng Bao, the commander of the Wuzhou Shen Army, was first attacked by the enemy and had no way to escape, so he changed his flag to welcome the First Division. Therefore, Li's troops entered Wuzhou without bloodshed. After Li Jishen entered Wuzhou, he was appointed as the supervisor of Wuzhou aftermath by Sun Yat-sen, and Deng Yanda was the director of the Wuzhou Military Police Inspectorate.
Huang Shaohong
Li Jishen still occupied the key points of Wuzhou City and had a great power. In order to eradicate future troubles, he and Huang Shaohong and Deng Yandami negotiated with each other and decided to adopt the strategy of capturing the thief first to capture the king and eliminate Feng Lu. He first threatened that Deng Yanda's third regiment would be transferred back to Guangdong, and the task of the Wuzhou Police Inspection Office was ordered to be handed over to Huang Shaohong. Huang Sui took this opportunity to lead his troops to Wuzhou City. But in order to avoid fighting in the city, he wanted Huang to come forward and hold a banquet on the water boat, and invite the main officers of the Guangdong-Guangxi Army and Navy from Wuzhou to be Deng Jianxing. The banquet continued until late at night. When Feng found out that the sign was about to withdraw, Huang Shaohong and Deng Yanda immediately arrested Feng. Deng announced that "this is an order from Supervisor Li", and successfully seized all Feng Lu. Soon, Li Jishen moved the First Division to Zhaoqing, handing over the political, economic and military power of Wuzhou to Huang Shaohong, expand his strength and help Huang clean up the situation in Guangxi.
Water surface pleasure boat diagram
After Li Jishen led his troops to move to Zhaoqing, he sent the commander of the Navy and Army Corps Sun Xiangfu to command a small ship fleet to cover Huang Shaohong's troops up the West River and captured Tengxian , helping Huang expand his activity area in Wuzhou. After that, he assisted Huang Shaohong and Li Zongren to join forces with Li Zongren to control the richest Wu, Xun and Yu in Guangxi, and prepared to attack Nanning and Liuzhou . At this time, Liu Yushan, the commander of the Seventh Army of Guangxi Army stationed in Guangdong and Chen Tiantai, who was expelled by Guangxi Autonomous Army, and his division commander, tried to split their troops back to Guangxi and get involved in Guangxi. At that time, Sun Yat-sen had gone to Beijing at the invitation of Feng Yuxiang and others, and the base camp was hosted by Hu Hanmin. Liu and Chen used the relationship between the old Tongmeng members of the acting commander Hu Hanmin and announced that Liu Yushan was the South Road Pacification Envoy and transferred Chen Tiantai's commander to the capital 90 miles away from Wuzhou to attack Wuzhou. Li Jishen immediately generated power to the base camp in the name of the Xijiang aftermath supervision to prevent Chen's troops from entering the capital, and pointed out that the advance of the southern route should be through the line of Enping , Kaiping through the line of Yangjiang , Yangchun . The capital was not the only way to enter the southern route, and Chen Jiongming's troops entrenched in the southern route, Deng Benyin and Shen Baofan still had 20,000 to 30,000 people, which was not something that Chen Tiantai's first division could solve. But after the base camp received the power, it ignored it and transferred Mr. Chen into the capital.
Wuzhou diagram
When Chen Tiantai entered the capital, Li Jishen discussed with Huang Shaohong and used force to deal with Chen Shi.He decided to use Huang Shaohong to lead Yu Zuobai's first regiment and the third regiment of Xiawei as the right wing; use Bai Chongxi to command Huang Chaowu's fourth regiment and the guerrilla commander Cai Zhenyun to attack the capital as the left wing; use Zhang Deen, captain of the navy Jianggu ship, to command the fleet to shell the shelling from the river to cut off the surface reinforcements and transportation of the Chen army; use the first division's two battalions of Huang Qixiang and Cai Tingkai to cross the Xijiang River from Deqing, and detour westward to the side of the capital to carry out attacks, thus surrounding the capital and destroying Chen Tiantai's army in one fell swoop.
Bai Chongxi
Li Jishen and Huang Shaohong sent the captured Chen Tiantaili back to Guangzhou, Liu Zhenhuan, commander-in-chief of the Guangxi Army in Guangdong and Liu Yushan spread rumors: "Huang Shaohong is an autonomous faction in the Federation of Provincial People's Republic of China, selling dog meat with the title of sheep." It also involved Li Jishen. At the same time, in order not to allow Beiyang warlords to help Lu Rongting and Shen Hongying, Huang Shaohong and Li Zongren sent Deputy Chief Lu Jingqiu to Beijing to meet Duan Qirui and Cao Rulin and Cao Rulin . In this way, rumors arose.
Li Jishen and the generals of the First Division were very anxious after hearing this. In order to dispel rumors and avoid Huang Shaohong and Li Zongren being used by Beiyang warlords, or causing a war situation in which Guangdong and Guangxi seek revenge before 1922, he actively did Huang Shaohong's work and asked Huang to join the Kuomintang. But Huang Shaohong was worried that he had paid Chen Tiantai's weapons and now he went to Guangzhou to join the party, afraid that Chen Tiantai would take revenge, Li Jishen tried his best to guarantee it. He also said to Huang: "Deng Zesheng (Deng Yanda) regiment is currently stationed in Guangzhou, and there are other Guangdong troops in Guangzhou. Baoer is safe!"
Guangzhou Grand Marshal's Office
In this way, Huang Shaohong could not refuse and agreed to go to Guangzhou to join the Kuomintang. Li also sent his deputy commander Huang Zhenqiu and brigade commander Chen Jitang to accompany Huang to Guangzhou. After Huang Shaohong joined the Kuomintang, Li Jishen used Huang Shaohong's influence to bring Li Zongren over and build it into the Kuomintang's military force in Guangxi. On December 3 of that year, Li Zongren and Huang Shaohong took office in the Guangzhou Base Camp, so they appointed Guangxi Appeasement Supervisory and Conference Office, and thus unified the Guangzhou Base Camp.
is not finished, to be continued...
