If you like this article, please manually click "Follow" in the upper right. Thank you for your support and encouragement, and hope it can bring you a comfortable reading experience.
1972, the old man He Xiangning, vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, made his last wish to Premier Zhou on his deathbed.
At that time, she was so weak that she could only lie on the bed, her face was bloodless and her lips were purple.
Seeing Premier Zhou coming, He Xiangning used all her last strength and held her hand tightly and said:
"I don't want to burn..."
Everyone present was surprised and took a breath.
You should know that after the founding of New China, Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou and other leading cadres have repeatedly proposed the implementation of cremation in order to save cultivated land.
In this way, He Xiangning's words really made the Prime Minister a little embarrassed.
never thought that he had no hesitation, and directly represented Chairman Mao and the Party Central Committee, and agreed to her request exceptionally.
He Xiangning
So, why is the old man He Xiangning not willing to be cremated?
Why can she get Premier Zhou to agree in an extraordinary way?
The revolutionary road, unswervingly
878, He Xiangning was born in a wealthy businessman's family in Hong Kong.
However, her wealthy family failed to receive education from an early age.
Because at that time, He's father, like most parents from feudal families, believed that a woman without talent was virtue.
He would ask the private school teacher to set up a library at home to teach his sons.
but daughter is never allowed to get close.
At first, out of curiosity, He Xiangning secretly ran to the yard and lay down by the door to listen.
Over time, she developed a strong interest in the knowledge taught by the teacher.
That's it, she started saving money to buy books herself, and then she became an "eavesdropping thief" every day.
If you encounter a problem you don’t understand, you will give it to the maid.
asked her to pretend to be her brothers and ask the teacher.
Gradually, He Xiangning grew up to be a knowledgeable woman with a distinct personality and full of ideals.
So, the person who can attract her must be the person who matches her on a spiritual level.
Liao Zhongkai
and Liao Zhongkai happens to be the soul mate that meets his requirements.
Their combination comes from a relationship that is praised by people.
At that time, He Xiangning resisted feudal ethics and maintained her natural footsteps.
For this reason, she didn't know how many foot binding cloths she had secretly cut.
In the end, the He family's parents really had no choice but to give up.
At this time, Liao Zhongkai, a child of an overseas Chinese who had just returned from studying at the Hong Kong Royal Academy, only wanted to marry Miss Tianzu as his wife.
The two are simply a perfect match made by heaven.
897, He Xiangning and Liao Zhongkai got married in Guangzhou.
At this time, the Chinese nation is facing the disaster of national destruction.
The couple with patriotic aspirations resolutely embarked on the road to seek the truth of saving the country despite family opposition.
The life of coming to Japan is very different from before.
Liao Zhongkai and He Xiangning
He Xiangning is at home and is proud of everything, and now everything is self-reliant.
At the beginning, she didn't even know how to boil water, let alone cook vegetables and cook.
But He Xiangning has a tough personality and is advancing when she is difficult.
Start by making fire, cook, take care of children...it must be done in person.
At the same time, she also needs to take the time to learn Japanese , go to the bookstore, and listen to speeches.
Later, the couple met Sun Yat-sen at an international student event.
After some conversation, they quickly established their ambition to fight for democratic revolution.
That's it, their home in Tokyo became a communications and meeting place for revolutionaries.
905 On August 7, 2005, He Xiangning became the first female member of China Tongmenghui . After
, Liao Zhongkai also joined in with her recommendation.
1911, Revolution overthrew the Qing Dynasty rule.
Sun Yat-sen
Sun Yat-sen returned from overseas and took office as the interim president of the Republic of China.
At that time, Liao Zhongkai, as a core member of the association, was sent to Guangzhou to be responsible for financial work.
He Xiangning acts as a virtuous person, allows her husband to devote himself to the construction of the new republican regime. But unfortunately, the fruits of victory in the Xinhai Revolution were soon stolen by Yuan Shikai.
The revolutionary process has gone through several twists and turns. During
, the two of them traveled back and forth between Japan, Shanghai and Guangdong many times.
But no matter where he is, He Xiangning is always "the husband sings with his wife".
When Liao Zhongkai accompanied Sun Yat-sen to protect the law,
He Xiangning shared his worries and did a good job in the family of the soldiers;
When Liao Zhongkai faced the financial difficulties of the military government,
She personally participated in the fundraising work for overseas Chinese...
Since the two of them joined the revolution, He Xiangning has always interpreted the image of a strong-willed woman with actions.
But in fact, she also has a fragile side.
Chen Jiongming
1 On June 14, 1922, Liao Zhongkai was imprisoned by the rebellious revolutionary Chen Jiongming.
He Xiangning, who was seriously ill at the time, had to shoulder the two important tasks of finding Sun Yat-sen and rescuing her husband.
When she was exhausted, she suddenly realized that she was just a woman and her strength was too weak.
At that time, He Xiangning looked at the vast smoke waves on the Pearl River electric boat.
suddenly had the idea of jumping and finishing his life.
But, the next moment, she thought of her husband who was still tortured in a gloomy prison and her two children in the family.
He Xiangning hesitated.
She took out a cigarette and thought to jump into the river after smoking it.
I never thought that the rain and the river breeze was blowing.
More than a dozen matches failed to lit a cigarette.
Is it really God's will to ask her to survive?
He Xiang stared at the last match.
If this can burn, it means that things will turn around, then I will live bravely.
As a result, with a squeak, the match actually ignited unexpectedly.
He Xiangning in despair seemed to be shouting.
Tongmenghui in Japan
Why did a revolutionary commit suicide and show weakness?
She would rather be killed by the enemy than commit suicide.
Thinking of this, He Xiangning cheered up and sorted out her thoughts.
Finally, she bravely rushed into Chen Jiongming's military venue.
With his bravery and wit, Liao Zhongkai survived.
This experience made He Xiangning sigh at the difficult future of the revolution and became more worried about her husband's safety.
Unexpectedly, the accident came so quickly.
In March 1925, Sun Yat-sen passed away.
The internal contradictions of the Kuomintang intensified, forming three factions: left, middle and right.
The left, led by Liao Zhongkai, unswervingly implemented Sun Yat-sen's three major policies.
However, they have worked closely with the Communist Party and have become the target of the right-wing strike.
925 On August 20, 2019, Liao Zhongkai was shot three times by a gangster arranged by the rightists in Dongshan, Guangzhou, and died on the way to rescue.
At that time, He Xiangning witnessed all this.
In an instant, she burst out with sorrow, and her mind was filled with the scenes of couples having been together for the past 20 or 30 years.
I don’t know how long it took to recover and wipe away his tears.
Immediately afterwards, He Xiangning made an oath to Liao Zhongkai's blood-stained body on the spot:
"I am mourning to repay your wishes. When will I do my best to serve the country? If it is beneficial to the country, I will sacrifice my life for my family!"
Although I am so sad, thinking about the unfinished revolutionary cause of her husband and Mr. Sun, she began to devote herself to work even more selflessly.
In more than a year after Liao Zhongkai's death, she has delivered more than 20 speeches and articles.
aims to illustrate the husband's spirit of dedication to the revolution and promote Mr. Sun's new Three Principles of the People.
However, in 1927, Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei successively rebelled and revolutionized.
Chiang Kai-shek
He Xiangning was unable to support her and resigned from all positions within the Kuomintang in 1928.
She had sent her feelings for the mountains and rivers in Zhejiang and Shanghai, and thoughts on calligraphy and painting;
0 was reluctant to go abroad with grief and lived in Paris and Berlin.
Until "September 18th" Incident , the Japanese invaders invaded our country.
At this critical moment of life and death, He Xiangning can no longer live in a corner.
She regrouped and embarked on the journey of returning home.
liberate women and unite to fight against Japan
He Xiangning, who is in her fifties, set off again, and his passion is still surging back then.
At that time, there were many ways to anti-Japanese and national salvation movement .
And the path she chose is to guide Chinese women on the journey of national liberation.
Because he has sought natural liberation since childhood, he is brave enough to break through the shackles of corrupt society.
He Xiangning has been paying attention to women's ideological liberation since early on.
He Xiangning and Liao Zhongkai
As early as the National Revolution, she had realized that
To seek liberation, you should not rely solely on a few intellectual women, and you must unite with the majority of peasants and workers.
In January 1924, she proposed at the First National Congress of the Kuomintang:
"Women are equal in law, economy and education." After the
conference was passed, she was successfully elected as Minister of Women's Ministry.
publishes a journal to inspire women's progressive ideas and lead cadres to in-depth publicity...
During that time, He Xiangning would do it as long as it was possible.
Now, the disaster of the destruction of the country is right in front of you.
He Xiangning once again integrated women's liberation with national liberation.
She proposed that realizing freedom and equality of the country is the prerequisite for women's independence.
Women across the country should unite and fight against the enemy together.
He Xiangning
Once a reporter asked her:
"What does Mr. He think about women going back to their homes?"
Hearing this, He Xiangning put away his polite smile and said with a serious look:
"The country is about to perish, where will we go?"
A simple and easy-to-understand sentence reveals the consistency between women's way out and national survival.
For this reason, He Xiangning organized the establishment of the "Chinese Women's Resistance Against Enemy".
The association widely absorbs women from all walks of life and carries out anti-Japanese and national salvation work such as publicity, recruitment, relief, consolation, and care.
He Xiangning himself did it himself.
When it's cold, she will publish articles in women's publications.
mobilizes everyone to make cold clothes for the warriors who are killing the enemy on the front line.
She once said:
Our people living in the rear should have no choice but to help the soldiers who are willing to sacrifice to defend our safety.
We try our best to reduce their pain and losses, that is, to strengthen our own strength to defend our own safety.
Not only that, in order to dispel the soldiers ahead of them, He Xiangning also proposed to organize a fan club for the fallen soldiers.
’s main purpose is to raise donations to help the families of soldiers who died in the War of Resistance.
Later, as the war progressed, we suffered heavy losses under inferior equipment.
He Xiangning
At this point, He Xiangning began to find ways to organize and lead the rescue and consolation work.
At that time, her health was already very bad.
But he still works in the hospital every day.
Everyone saw it and was deeply impressed and moved.
At that time, not only were there many people who sent goods to the wounded soldiers' hospitals, but the number of people who joined the hospital was also increasing.
It is no exaggeration to say that He Xiangning used the mental infection of the old man to become stronger and the sick and save the nation to drive the people around him.
The women's movement she led has made an unignorable contribution to the fight against Japan.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, He Xiangning resolutely resisted Chiang Kai-shek's civil war policy.
Without any slight slack, she immediately devoted herself to the democratic movement.
It participated in the establishment of the Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang in China and engaged in anti-Chiang activities.
He Xiangning
After the founding of New China, He Xiangning served as Vice Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Chairman of the Central Committee of the China Democratic League, Chairman of the Chinese Artists Association, Chairman of the National Women's Federation and other important positions.
She has been working hard every day and is working hard to do everything she can for the construction of society.
It can be said that He Xiangning devoted all his life to the country.
Revolutionary family, and they have been acquainted with each other from generation to generation
In fact, He Xiangning is not only a resolute female revolutionary.
At the same time, she is also an admirable good wife and mother.
After Liao Zhongkai left, she even took on the dual roles of father and mother.
It uses kindness and severity, and education cares for a pair of children.
He Xiangning
In the education of his daughter Liao Mengxing, He Xiangning sets an example and sets an example.
In addition to focusing on the cultivation of moral knowledge, she also requires her to handle daily affairs independently.
Wash and cook, clean the toilet... The most basic housework is included.
Under such education, people around them have very high evaluations of Liao Mengxing.
said she is a serious but enthusiastic young woman.
On weekdays, Liao Mengxing wants to serve her elderly mother;
also needs to help her handle the affairs of the comfort branch and attend the event on behalf of her.
Liao Mengxing’s name is not on the branch organization system table.
But she didn't care about fame, gains and losses at all, and worked hard.
At the same time, he is also an excellent "red translator" in my country who is proficient in Japanese, English and French foreign languages.
Perhaps it is because her parents are both famous democratic revolutionaries.
As his child, Liao Mengxing seems to have inherited the spirit of perseverance and dedication.
This is more obvious in He Xiangning's son Liao Chengzhi.
Liao Chengzhi
Liao Chengzhi has had the ambition to join the revolution since he was a child, and He Xiangning is very supportive of this.
He joined the Kuomintang at the age of 17.
After his father was assassinated, he inherited his will and continued to advance the democratic revolution.
927, after Chiang Kai-shek betrayed the revolution, Liao Chengzhi decided to leave the Kuomintang and firmly protect his beliefs.
A year later, in August, he joined the Communist Party of China in order to pursue the ideal of communism.
However, Liao Chengzhi's revolutionary path has been extremely bumpy.
Even Deng Xiaoping jokingly called him a "jail expert".
Because Liao Chengzhi spent many of his life in prison.
When he was studying abroad, he was arrested twice in Japan for student movements, and later detained in the Netherlands.
Liao Chengzhi
In 1932, the Shanghai underground party was frantically arrested by the Kuomintang.
Liao Chengzhi was not spared.
Finally, He Xiangning broke into Security Command again, , and expressed his desire to accompany his son to jail.
plus Soong Ching Ling 's appearance, so Chiang Kai-shek had to let him go.
However, the son just returned home and proposed to go to the dangerous and unpredictable Soviet District to find Red Army .
Although He Xiangning was reluctant to leave, she still supported and covered Liao Chengzhi leaving Shanghai to work in Sichuan and Shaanxi.
This time, it’s really a life-and-death death.
If we say that the hunger, coldness and fatigue on the Long March road are tormenting nightmares.
Then, the pain of "handed" walking on the Long March is probably like being in hell.
Liao Chengzhi was charged with "spy" for opposing Zhang Guotao's establishment of a new central government.
He was expelled from the party and regarded as a prisoner. He was handcuffed under the surveillance of the Security Bureau and climbed over snow-capped mountains and crossed pastoral areas.
Later, Zhang Guotao wanted to kill Liao Chengzhi.
It was thanks to Zhou Enlai who came forward to solve the problem and saved his life.
Zhou Enlai and He Xiangning
Although this trip to him was "mobile jail".
But Liao Chengzhi always firmly believes in the Party and maintains an open-minded and optimistic spirit.
Even if he was arrested by the Kuomintang again during the War of Resistance Against Japan, the post-
has experienced nearly four years of prison life and has been to several prisons, but he can still face the suffering.
In prison, Liao Chengzhi can still entertain himself with his talents.
He sings in the morning, writes paintings, writes poems and reads books after meals.
There are even Yixing commanding ants to move rice grains.
His strength comes from his loyalty to the Party and his confidence in the victory of the revolution.
During this period, he wrote a farewell letter to the party organization and Zhou Enlai:
"I hope you believe that Xiao Liao will not be humiliated until his death! In addition, if you have the opportunity to face him, it would be fine if you don't have this opportunity. Let's have a farewell to you. Long live the Communist Party of China!"
His unswerving determination is vividly revealed on paper, and the Liao family's loyal and martyred spirit has successors.
Premier Zhou
After liberation, Liao Chengzhi served as deputy director of the United Front Work Department, deputy director of the Foreign Liaison Department, and executive director of the World Peace Council.
At that time, he ran around the world to maintain peace and attended meetings of various countries for friendly visits.
At the same time, he has been responsible for the work of Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and overseas Chinese affairs for a long time.
has made significant contributions to the great cause of unity and unity of the motherland.
Liao Chengzhi is the same as his mother He Xiangning.
Whether in the cruel war years or in the bumpy construction period,
They are always on the journey of striving for the country.
Friends of Jinlan, fulfilling their wishes
1971, the 93-year-old He Xiangning was admitted to the hospital due to illness.
In fact, three years ago, after she spent her 90th birthday, she began to feel that her body and energy were not as good as before.
Last year, she almost died from pneumonia .
was only after the hospital's efforts to rescue him.
Song Ching Ling and He Xiangning
At that time, her old friends Zhou Enlai, Soong Ching Ling and others came to visit her and sent her the deepest care.
I never thought that just one year later, they visited again.
Premier Zhou was 73 years old at this time.
Although she is twenty years younger than her, she is considered an elderly person.
He Xiangning smiled and said,
"If you hold another Broadway birthday party, you and I can participate together."
Hearing this, the Prime Minister couldn't help but smile.
Thoughts turn back to the banquet ten years ago.
That was the "Broadway Birthday Celebration" hosted by him in the CPPCC Auditorium.
One hundred important members over 70 years old in Beijing gathered together with well-known people in society to celebrate their longevity.
At that time, as soon as he entered the venue, he headed straight for the old birthday star He Xiangning.
He Xiangning
He Xiangning accidentally left his cane when he got up.
He picked up the crutch and put it in, and greeted her warmly to celebrate her birthday.
The scene was vivid in my mind at that time.
The most unforgettable thing is the vision that Premier Zhou said after the banquet began.
"Today's 100 elderly people are 80 years old. If they gather together to celebrate their birthdays in 20 years, everyone will have to shout 'Long live'."
Although it is a joke, it is full of sincere wishes.
It’s a pity that Mr. He is seriously ill now, and I’m afraid he has not had much time left.
Thinking of this, Premier Zhou's eyes were so red.
In fact, he already has a friendship with the Liao family.
As early as when he was working in Whampoa Military Academy, Premier Zhou and Liao Zhongkai admired each other and had a close friendship.
After Liao Zhongkai was killed, Premier Zhou immediately investigated the murderer and almost died because of this.
He regretted the death of his friend, and has been caring more about He Xiangning and his children since then.
He Xiangning and Deng Yingchao
0 have frequent contacts.
Liao Chengzhi and Liao Mengxing affectionately call Zhou Enlai "Brother".
Liao Mengxing's daughter Nannan is also the goddaughter that Zhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao love very much.
Zhou Enlai gave Liao Chengzhi a lot of care and care.
During the Long March, he rescued Liao Chengzhi and restored his party membership.
later took advantage of the opportunity of the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and to actively rescue Liao Chengzhi trapped in Chongqing.
After he joined the Nanjing Public Delegation, he kept assisting Zhou Enlai in his work.
Liao Chengzhi really lived up to expectations and completed the tasks assigned by the Party and the people brilliantly.
As for Deng Yingchao and He Xiangning, the two met and met since 1925.
At that time, both of them were keen on women's sports, so they formed a deep friendship.
Over the past decades, the two families have a very close relationship and often come and go.
Deng Yingchao and He Xiangning
Zhou Enlai even broke the principle and wrote inscriptions for her.
It was in 1951, and He Xiangning drew a "Magpie and Peony Picture" for Volunteer Army .
After Zhou Enlai appreciated it, he wrote a couplet on his painting:
Magpie reported victory in aiding Korea; flowers reunite heroes against the United States.
This is the only time he entoms on someone else's paintings.
Among them, friendship can be fully explained by just a few words.
It is because of my close friend that there is the scene at the beginning of the article.
He Xiangning requested Zhou Enlai not to cremate.
Zhou Enlai
At that time, Zhou En looked at He Xiangning's weak appearance on the hospital bed, and his heart was sore.
Why didn’t he understand? The reason why He Xiangning didn’t want to be cremated was that she wanted to be buried with Liao Zhongkai after her death.
does not mention this touching couple affection.
Just looking at He Xiangning's revolutionary dedication should also meet her small requirements.
He burst into tears and quickly responded to the other party's last request:
"Don't burn, don't burn, don't worry."
He Xiangning had no regrets after receiving this promise.
A year later, the old man closed his eyes in peace.
Central Committee took its coffin to Nanjing by a special car, and a grand burial ceremony was held at Liao Zhongkai’s cemetery.
At the beginning, when He Xiangning built Liao Zhongkai's tomb, he asked to build a joint tomb.
Now, her coffin has been placed in a pre-lease location.
son Liao Chengzhi changed the inscription of his father, and the book "The Tomb of Liao Zhongkai and He Xiangning" was written.
This couple, who have been remembered forever, continue their fate in the next life in the form of a joint burial.
Conclusion
He Xiangning is not only a respectable revolutionary hero, but also a great women's leader.
She is not as sad as an ordinary girl, and is firm and generous to the revolution and her family.
Its life course can not only guide the liberation of women in the last century, but also a model and role model for contemporary women.
Women's liberation movement has never stopped.
Faced with the current outbreak of women's issues, trace the history and experience of women's liberation and understand these outstanding women who truly self-liberate.
may help people to clear away the fog of feminism and get rid of the manipulation of capitalism .
Reference
Jin Ping. Liao Zhongkai and He Xiangning's life. Party History World, 2005.07
Meng Hong. Chinese Communist Party Leader and close comrade-in-arms He Xiangning. Literature and History Monthly, 2017.03
Zeng Fanhua. Hakka daughter-in-law He Xiangning and the Chinese Women's Movement. Journal of Jiaying College. 2020.08
Mingxin. Liao Chengzhi and his mother He Xiangning. Chinese People's Congress. 2014, 08
Chen Ningjun. Decrypted Zhongshan Mausoleum [M]. 2018
