Ming Dynasty was the last Han dynasty in history, and it was also an indispensable period for restoring Han culture.
The establishment of the Ming Dynasty was vigorous, but the Ming at the beginning of the founding of the country was full of challenges.
The first thing you have to face is the international order that needs to be sorted out. It is said that because Japan did not obey the Ming Dynasty, it was repeatedly killed, so that Zhu Yuanzhang almost destroyed Japan.
However, a famous minister of the generation Liu Bowen dissuaded Zhu Yuanzhang through his own wisdom. This was not because Liu Bowen was kind, but because of a political consideration.
So what exactly is Liu Bowen for?
The establishment of the Ming Dynasty
Between the Song and Ming dynasties was established by the Mongolian .
is different from that when people talk about Mongolia, they will think of Mongolian , which is good at singing, dancing and hospitality. At that time, the Mongolians had not yet integrated with China, so they were an outdated nation.
Moreover, these Mongolians are good at fighting, are very barbaric, and have strong adaptability to the external environment. This also allowed them to rise rapidly in a short period of time.
destroyed the Jin Dynasty established by the Jurchens, and also stepped on the brutal iron hooves on the territory of Song Dynasty and other countries.
As the country of Southern Song was destroyed, the last emperor jumped off the Yashan Mountain under the leadership of Lu Xiufu and sacrificed his life to the country. It also represents the official extinction of the Han regime at that time, and the Han people ushered in a foreign rule for 98 years.
Not only the Song Dynasty was attacked by the Mongols, but also the surrounding Korean Peninsula, Japan and even Europe all experienced the strength of the Mongols, so they surrendered to Mongolia.
Mongolia thus established a majestic empire across the Eurasian continent. Beijing also renamed " Dadu " and became the political center of the Mongolians.
However, such a huge country has only existed on the historical stage for less than a hundred years. The reason is that the Mongolians know how to conquer the country, but they do not know how to defend the country.
The Yuan Dynasty only lasted for 98 years, but the emperor quickly changed for more than ten generations. This led to frequent policies issued by the Yuan Dynasty but never lasted for a long time, which made the Yuan Dynasty's politics never embarked on the road of maturity.
And because of the later years of being in charge of the country, powerful ministers and relatives became the actual rulers of the empire, which fundamentally shakes the political foundation of the Yuan Dynasty.
plus the empire was established by foreign races after all. There are not only Mongolians in the country, but also Han people, Semu people, and Korean people , which account for a large proportion.
The Mongols' policies to other ethnic groups have frequently provoked conflicts, creating a strong centrifugal force in the center of the empire.
At the same time, the upper Mongolian rulers were rich and fed, and were extravagant, but the people below often lived a life of not having enough food or wearing warm clothes.
So in the late Yuan Dynasty, a huge peasant uprising army broke out in various places. Among them, , a person named , Zhu Chongba, , made his mark in one battle after another, and gradually became the most powerful .
In 1368 AD, Zhu Chongba changed his name to Zhu Yuanzhang, and established his capital in Yingtian. His country was named Ming, ending the rule of the Yuan Dynasty. The Han people also washed away the humiliation with the Mongols' escape.
The situation in the early Ming Dynasty
Although the Yuan Dynasty was destroyed, the Mongols fled back to their hometown in the grassland and continued to establish their own regime in the north, known in history as " Northern Yuan ".
And many surrounding countries began to face a choice, that is, to continue to surrender to the Northern Yuan Dynasty or to surrender to the newly established Ming Dynasty.
The first example was Goryeo located on the Korean Peninsula. The Goryeo ruler King Gongmin quickly threw himself into the arms of the Ming Dynasty and officially became a vassal state of the Ming Dynasty.
However, this relationship between the king and the minister lasted only 4 years. With the assassination of King Gongmin, the new Goryeo King Wang Jing succeeded to the throne.
This new ruler not only quickly got into evil with the Ming Dynasty, but also killed the Ming Dynasty envoy who went to ask for horses.The Goryeo continues to accept the Mongol enthronement, wearing Hu clothes and , shaving his hair and speaking in a humble manner.
At this time, the Korean literati and officials, as emerging forces, appeared. In order to seek influence in the court, they advocated sanctions to the Ming Dynasty, and the Li Chenggui , who held military power, began to emerge.
In 1388 AD, a Tielingwei dispute broke out with the Ming Dynasty. Goryeo sent troops to the Ming Dynasty without knowing how to live or die, and the commander of the army was Li Chenggui.
Lee Chenggui knew that this was a good opportunity to win over the Ming Dynasty, so he simply turned against the water and expelled the Goryeo Wang regime and established the Joseon Dynasty.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, North Korea immediately surrendered to the Ming Dynasty. Not only did it become the "dog-legged" of the Ming Dynasty for hundreds of years, but it also received the gift of the Ming Dynasty and began its own civilization era.
, and more than 100 small countries such as Ryukyu, Annan , Zhenla , Siam , Chameng , Java , Sulu , Manraga, Ceylon, Luzon , Hemaogou, Meloju, Bharat, Gumalalang, Feng Jiashilan, Zhenla and more, have also expressed their loyalty to China.
But there is a country that is not restless, it is Japan.
Japan's attitude
Japan relies on its distance from China, believing that China is high and the emperor is far away, and that it can do whatever it wants.
In addition, Japan's own regime was also very unstable at that time. For some reasons, Japan ushered in a turbulent Northern and Southern Dynasties.
The north and the south each supported two emperors. The north was led by Emperor Guangming , and the south was respected by Emperor Daigo . And his attitude towards China has also become the struggle between the two Japanese forces.
Considering that Emperor Daigo in the south is more orthodox and has relatively strong strength, Zhu Yuanzhang sent 7 envoys to the Southern Dynasty at that time.
The seven envoys arrived in Japan, on the one hand, demanded that Japan submit to the Ming Dynasty, and at the same time scolded Emperor Daigo and the powerful minister at that time Prince Ailiang because of the frequent harassment of Chinese waters.
I don’t want Prince Huailiang and others to be afraid of the might of the Ming Dynasty. Instead, they killed five of the envoys and seized Yang Zai and others in the head.
This move can be said to have angered Zhu Yuanzhang. In Zhu Yuanzhang's view, Japan is just a small country that has learned and imitated Chinese culture throughout the ages. It dared to kill the envoys of the Ming Dynasty. This is a blatant provocation to the Ming Dynasty.
The angry Zhu Yuanzhang immediately ordered troops to eliminate Japan, but at this time, the famous minister Liu Bowen, stopped him.
Liu Bowen listed three reasons for Zhu Yuanzhang that he could not send troops to Japan.
The first is that the country has been exhausted after years of war.
The most important thing at the moment is to recuperate and comfort the people. If the people are still exhausted and their wealth is damaged, then there is a very likely uprising again, which will greatly shake the foundation of the country.
The second reason is that war requires a lot of money . The emptiness of the treasury will make the foundation of rule unstable, and it will indirectly increase taxes on the people, which will put more pressure on the people.
When the Han Dynasty was established, hundreds of people were in trouble. The emperor could not even get a horse of the same color to pull a cart. Therefore, the Han Dynasty decided to appease the Huns first by marriage.
After the Han Dynasty was recuperating, the country's prosperity was strong, not only washed away the humiliation of marriage, but also made the Huns his own ministers.
The last reason is that it is not worth the loss. Japan is in a period of confrontation between the two sides. If we attack Emperor Daigo in the south, will also be equivalent to making wedding dresses for the forces in the north.
And even if we win a battle, we cannot manage it in time in the face of such a distant place. instead of sending troops to waste the people and lose money, it is better to wait until their own civil war is over and the Ming Dynasty will send people to settle the accounts.
After hearing Liu Bowen's words, Zhu Yuanzhang calmed down and gave up the idea of sending troops.
I have to say that Liu Bowen is indeed a wise man who will not ignore the people.
His considerations are based on the safety of the people and the stability of the country, which has also allowed China to avoid an unworthy war and can continue to develop continuously.
And a hundred years later, Zhu Yuanzhang's hatred also disappeared. In the 00 Korean War , the Ming army assisted North Korea in the attacking Japanese army, making Japan dare not act rashly for a long time.
Conclusion
In fact, Liu Bowen's words are also the foundation of doing things nowadays.
Nowadays, many people do not consider the consequences at all in order to show off their temporary pleasure. As long as they feel that they have been offended, they will have a dispute with others at the worst, and at the worst, they will suffer losses.
Sometimes we can calm down before taking action, and now analyze the overall situation from the perspective of the overall situation, which can actually avoid many unworthy disputes.
