Home in his later years Zhang XueliangThe most common words on his lips are: "I want my home, I want to go home. "
Yes, he misses home, he dreams of his hometown in Northeast China that he has been around for 70 years. He wants to sweep his father Zhang Zuolin , but he did not set out on the way home in the end.
On October 14, 2001, Zhang Xueliang passed away with endless regrets in Honolulu , at the age of 
01. The death of this century-old man also marks the end of an era.
The news of Zhang Xueliang's death has not yet faded, but another news has once again triggered public opinion.
Zhang Xueliang
It turned out that Zhang Xueliang's will was announced. In his will, he said that donated all his inheritance to Columbia University . You should know that the money in his bank account alone exceeded hundreds of millions of dollars, let alone some real estate and cultural relics he treasured . Why didn't Zhang Xueliang leave the inheritance to his children? Is it okay if
donated it to the motherland? In his later years, Zhang Xueliang said many times that he was a patriot. He said: " If it weren't for patriotism, we father and son wouldn't have fallen to this point today. ."
So, why didn't Zhang Xueliang, who said he was patriotic, leave his inheritance to his children or donate it to the motherland, but donate it to the unrelated Columbia University?
Later years Zhang Xueliang
Will
1990, Zhang Xueliang, who was imprisoned in 4 for , finally gained freedom. Of course, this freedom is limited, only between Taiwan and the United States . After obtaining freedom, Zhang Xueliang, under the organization of his old friend Zhang Qun , after Yuanshan Hotel , after 90 years of birthday party.
immediately went to the United States to visit relatives. During his visit, he repeatedly said that he did not rule out returning to the mainland to settle down. After returning to Taiwan three months later, Zhang Xueliang was immediately warned by Lee Teng-hui to be cautious in his words and actions. So Zhang Xueliang, who had just gained freedom, lived a seclusion again.
The Kuomintang's political pressure for more than half a century and his 54-year imprisonment made Zhang Xueliang physically and mentally exhausted. He hated the Kuomintang and Taiwan very much. When Lee Teng-hui was completely relieved in 1995, Zhang Xueliang immediately immigrated to Hawaii with his wife Zhao Yidi .
Zhang Xueliang and Zhao Yidi
But when it comes to Zhang Xueliang and Columbia University 's fate is entirely an interview with 993 .
After gaining freedom, Zhang Xueliang lived in seclusion in Taipei, but as a celebrity who witnessed history, Zhang Xueliang was sought after by media from all walks of life. Countless media came to Taiwan to interview the legendary figure, including Columbia University in the United States.
In 1993, the Columbia University Historical Archives came to Taipei to interview Mr. Zhang Xueliang. During the interview, Columbia University staff found that Zhang Xueliang had many precious cultural relics, but the maintenance was average.
Zhang Xueliang and his wife in their later years
The most common of these collections are the communication records between Zhang Xueliang and Kuomintang, including letters, telegrams, confidential archives, documents, precious photos, and precious cultural relics collected by Zhang Xueliang.
But these things are not easy to maintain in the humid and hot environment in Taiwan. Every year, we have to hire a special person to spend a lot of money to do professional maintenance, which is very troublesome. So the staff of the Columbia Historical Archives introduced to Zhang Xueliang the main task of the archives, which is to keep these precious information of celebrities, such as letters or video materials from Roosevelt , Churchill and others.
This information made Zhang Xueliang notice. When he found someone to learn about the information of the Columbia University Historical Archives and learned that many celebrities donated all their inheritance to Columbia University after their deaths, Zhang Xueliang decided to donate all his collections to Columbia University.
Columbia University Library
In 1995, Columbia University established a showroom named after Zhang Xueliang. The showroom was named "Yidi Study", which was composed of "An" in the number " Yi'an " of Zhang Xueliang and "Di" in the name of his wife Zhao Yidi.
Zhang Xueliang's manuscripts, letters, confidential documents and materials, as well as all cultural relics collected, are displayed in "Yidi Study" and repaired and kept by professionals. In addition, Zhang Xueliang also left a will, which was announced by his son after his death, and he also donated all his inheritance to Columbia University.
Many people are wondering, Why didn’t Zhang Xueliang leave these heritages and collections to his children? Or donate to the motherland?
Zhang Xueliang
There are several reasons. First, Zhang Xueliang protects his children based on . Half a century of imprisonment and political persecution made him very disgusted with politics, the Kuomintang, and Taiwan. Zhang Xueliang had five children in his life. After he was free, only his eldest daughter and young son were alive. He was ashamed of his children and did not want his children to suffer any harm in the second half of his life. Zhang Xueliang knew the truth about the guilt of possessing a treasure, so he simply donated them all, which solved the disaster from the root.
Secondly, there are many confidential files in his collection, which involves the Communist Party and the Kuomintang . These things will involve politics and leave them to their children, or to the motherland. It is not appropriate to donate them to outsiders. Moreover, the children all settle in the United States, which is also protecting their children in disguise .
Finally, the eldest daughter and youngest son have lived in the United States for more than half a century and have long been Americans. They do not know about China's history, and these precious cultural relics are left in their hands, otherwise they will be handed over to a dedicated person to avoid waste.
In his later years, Zhang Xueliang and his wife
Why didn’t they donate to the motherland? You should know that the country has a high evaluation of Zhang Xueliang and has always regarded him as a patriotic general and a great hero.
In 1990, after Zhang Xueliang was free, the mainland has been trying to get Zhang Xueliang to return to China. Northeastern University even wrote a letter jointly to hope that he would return to China.
Deng Yingchao wrote to him twice, and the country sent the vice chairman of the CPPCC Lu Zhengcao . Zhang Xueliang's adjutant was once a lobbyist and lobbyed Zhang Xueliang to return to China, and Zhang Xueliang agreed. To this end, the country also sent people to revise the Shenyang Grand Marshal's Mansion and repair Zhang Zuolin's tomb, which shows the importance he attached to Zhang Xueliang.
Shenyang Dashui Mansion Tiger Hall
However, Zhang Xueliang broke his promise and did not return to China. The end of the day is that the mainland has no relatives and friends anymore. Secondly, it is forced by the current situation. His freedom is limited, both Taiwan and the United States can do it, but the mainland will never allow it. The Taiwan authorities will never allow him. He, a party-state official who was once the deputy commander-in-chief of the Kuomintang, returned to the mainland, and the impact was too bad.
In the end, he felt guilty towards the country. 918 lost the Northeast without resistance, and could not erase this national humiliation even if he said nothing. This is the scar of Zhang Xueliang's heart, so he did not return to his country until his death, and did not donate his inheritance to the motherland.
As for donating to Taiwan, Zhang Xueliang’s disgust for Taiwan and his grudges with Chiang Kai-shek The Kuomintang, how could he finish it in just a few words?
Zhang Xueliang and Chiang Kai-shek
The grudge between Zhang Xueliang and Chiang Kai-shek
Zhang Xueliang and Chiang Kai-shek’s relationship can be said to be love and killing each other . Zhang Xueliang took the team in Northeast Change of Flag and Central Plains War , which can be said to be very helpful to Chiang Kai-shek. Of course, Chiang Kai-shek did not treat Zhang Xueliang badly, and accepted him as the deputy commander of the national army, navy and air force, and the nominal deputy commander of the entire army.
, and Chiang Kai-shek also became a disciple of Zhang Xueliang, and made Soong Mei-ling and Zhang Xueliang's first wife Yu Fengzhi become sworn sisters. These are all kindness.
also had a lot of complaints. After the Middle East Road incident broke out, Chiang Kai-shek promised Zhang Xueliang to provide him with logistics, but he was shocked, causing considerable losses to the elite troops of the Northeast Army . This is Chiang Kai-shek's killing a knife .
Yu Fengzhi and Soong Mei-ling
September 18th Incident , Zhang Xueliang ordered the Northeast army not to resist and lost the Northeast without a single shot.Zhang Xueliang said that he followed Chiang Kai-shek's orders and asked Chiang Kai-shek to take the blame. In the Battle of Rehe, the Northeast Army retreated again without fighting, which made Zhang Xueliang and Chiang Kai-shek feel infamous. Amid the condemnation across the country, Chiang Kai-shek asked Song Ziwen to negotiate with Zhang Xueliang, and Zhang Xueliang took the blame.
Zhang Xueliang stepped down and went abroad to treat his illness. After returning to China, he was transferred to the northwest by Chiang Kai-shek to encircle and suppress the Red Army. Zhang Xueliang was unwilling to fight the civil war and only wanted to fight back to the northeast. He repeatedly advised Chiang Kai-shek not to fight the civil war to fight against Japan, but Chiang Kai-shek was so stubborn that he resolutely wiped out the Red Army first and pursued the policy of disaster to the country that he must first stabilize the country with foreign resistance.
As a result, Zhang Xueliang fought with the Red Army in northern Shaanxi and lost three divisions. Chiang Kai-shek took the opportunity to cancel the number of Zhang Xueliang's three divisions, which made Zhang Xueliang heartbroken. Chiang Kai-shek was purely using the Northeast Army as cannon fodder envoy.
The former site of the Xi'an Incident
When he repeatedly advised Chiang Kai-shek to be useless, Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng launched the Xi'an Incident on December 12, 1936, and advised Chiang Kai-shek and imprisoned him. Zhang Xueliang asked Chiang Kai-shek to stop the civil war and resist Japan unanimously.
With the mediation of the Communist Party and various forces, the Xi'an incident became peacefully resolved. On December 26, Chiang Kai-shek, who was imprisoned for 13 days, was sent back to Nanjing by Zhang Xueliang. As a result, Soong Mei-ling agreed to promise to ensure the safety of Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, and was immediately torn apart by Chiang Kai-shek.
directly imprisoned Zhang Xueliang. On December 30, the Military Law Conference completed the trial of Zhang Xueliang, and was sentenced to 10 years in prison. As a result, after the expiration of the 10 years, one after another, Zhang Xueliang passed through more than half a century of imprisonment. During this period, Zhang Xueliang repeatedly asked Chiang Kai-shek to return him to his freedom, but Chiang Kai-shek ignored it.
Zhang Xueliang and Zhao Yidi in prison
During the Xi'an Incident, Chiang Kai-shek was imprisoned by the military and was regarded as a great humiliation by the , the scrupulous Chiang Kai-shek, and he hated Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng to the core. Later, Chiang Kai-shek wanted to kill Zhang Xueliang many times. If it weren't for Soong Mei-ling's protection, Zhang Xueliang would have been ordered to go to the underworld. After General Yang Hucheng's family of four was imprisoned for 12 years, he was brutally killed by the Military Intelligence Bureau spies.
Chiang Kai-shek broke Zhang Xueliang's fantasy of longing for freedom again and again. In 1975, when Chiang Kai-shek passed away, he also instructed his son Chiang Ching-kuo that he would not let the tiger return to the mountain and continue to imprison Zhang Xueliang. This shows how much Chiang Kai-shek hated Zhang Xueliang.
After hearing this news, Zhang Xueliang completely gave up his idea of freedom and lingered in the mountains and forests all day long. At Chiang Kai-shek's funeral, Zhang Xueliang sent a handwritten elegy couplet with 16 big characters,
Chiang Kai-shek's funeral
Caring for the heart, the same as flesh and blood; political disputes are like hatred.
This is also considered a thorough understanding of Chiang Kai-shek's character. Zhang Xueliang, who returned to freedom in his later years, once evaluated Chiang Kai-shek in oral history and said, ". I criticized him. He needs to have a chance. He really becomes the emperor. His thoughts are very stubborn. The old thoughts are not contemporary thoughts. "
". If you want to say that Chiang Ching-kuo made contributions to Taiwan, I admit it. What contributions did Mr. Jiang have? Chiang Ching-kuo left something, what did Mr. Jiang leave behind? No. "
Chiang Kai-shek
From this we can see how big the hatred between Zhang Xueliang and Chiang Kai-shek is. I have been imprisoned by the Kuomintang for 54 years, from being in his prime to surviving, from a warlord with an army of 300,000 to being imprisoned, how big is this psychological gap? It is not an exaggeration to say that such hatred is higher than the sky and deeper than the sea. In this case, how could Zhang Xueliang leave his inheritance to Taiwan?
Source of the inheritance of over 100 million US dollars
Speaking of which, the young marshal was imprisoned for 54 years. Where did his inheritance of over 100 million US dollars come from? What legacy do they have?
In addition to bank deposits of hundreds of millions of dollars and some real estate, most of them are collected by Zhang Xueliang, including antique calligraphy and paintings, letters and confidential materials for contact with people from all walks of life, Zhang Xueliang's own manuscripts, and calligraphy and paintings given by celebrities such as Zhang Daqian . There is even a diary by Chiang Kai-shek and a painting given by Chiang Ching-kuo, which are very precious.
Zhang Xueliang in prison
After Zhang Zuolin's death, Zhang Xueliang took over everything about his father, hundreds of thousands of acres of fertile land in the Northeast, bank deposits, Shenyang Arsenal , and mining companies, plus Zhang Xueliang's collection of antiques, calligraphy and paintings totaled about .25 billion .
Of course, except for bank deposits, the rest of the things were all left to Japan after September 18th. As for the cultural relics collected by Zhang Xueliang, there are many authentic works of Wang Xianzhi and Song Huizong . They are worthless national treasures and can only be seen in Japanese museums now.
In order to thank Zhang Xueliang for giving up the Northeast, the Japanese gave in without a single shot. His old friend commander of the Kwantung Army , and the mastermind behind the September 18th Incident, Honjo Shinjo, transported all the property of Zhang Xueliang's Shenyang Marshal's Mansion to Tianjin to return to Zhang Xueliang. This move can be said to be is not very harmful and extremely insulting. , which naturally made the shameful Zhang Xueliang refuse.
Zhang Xueliang's collection (existing in Japanese museum)
After Zhang Xueliang retreated to the pass, 200,000 Northeast Army had to support him. In addition, Zhang Xueliang was generous and generous, so the bank deposits were basically spent almost all, so in 1945, Zhang Xueliang wrote a letter to Song Ziwen to borrow money, saying that he did not even have toothpaste money or smoking, which shows Zhang Xueliang's dilemma in life.
Of course, during the imprisonment period, Chiang Kai-shek did not treat him unfairly. He didn't have to pay for the servants, chefs, and doctors. He also gave Zhang Xueliang a considerable salary every month, but it was basically used by Zhang Xueliang to collect cultural relics. In the 1960s, Zhang Xueliang's large pension for retirement as a first-level general was also detained by the Taiwanese authorities.
So Zhang Xueliang's inheritance of hundreds of millions of dollars basically comes from his first wife Yu Fengzhi.
Yu Fengzhi
940, Yu Fengzhi, who accompanied Zhang Xueliang for three years, suffered from breast cancer and had to go to the United States to treat the disease. Yu Fengzhi removed his left breast because of the treatment, and the war factors, and financial constraints, so he stayed in the United States to work hard.
Yu Fengzhi, who was born as a businessman, is much stronger. She is decisive in Wall Street and has made the name " Oriental Female Stock God ". Then, investing in industry and real estate, Yu Fengzhi would transfer Zhang Xueliang a considerable fee every month. In Feng Zhi's words, is a rich old age for Han Qing .
Yu Fengzhi can be said to be deeply in love for Zhang Xueliang, and he gave everything. He has been waiting for Zhang Xueliang to come out and reunite with her on the other side of the ocean. As a result, what he waited for in 1964 was Zhang Xueliang's divorce book . However, even so, Yu Fengzhi still regarded Zhang Xueliang as her husband.
In his later years, Yu Fengzhi
0, bought a villa for Zhang Xueliang in , San Francisco . In his later years, Yu Fengzhi felt that he could not persist in reuniting with Zhang Xueliang, so he bought a cemetery in San Francisco and prepared to be buried in the family cemetery after his death.
In 1990, Yu Fengzhi passed away in 1993, and he was only one month away from waiting for Zhang Xueliang to be free, but luck made people. The four words " Zhang Yufengzhi " are engraved on Yu Fengzhi's tombstone, which means that she also thinks that she is Zhang Xueliang's wife, and the open space next to her is left to Zhang Xueliang, thinking that it is different births and sleeps and dies in the same acupoint .
However, after Zhang Xueliang died, he chose to be buried with Zhao Yidi in Hawaii. Yu Feng left a will before his death and gave all the inheritance to Zhang Xueliang, including hundreds of millions of dollars and many real estate. This is the source of Zhang Xueliang's inheritance of hundreds of millions of dollars.
Yu Fengzhi's tombstone
Yu Fengzhi waited for Zhang Xueliang all his life. Before his death, he only wanted to meet Zhang Xueliang again and was unavailable. He left with full of regrets. Before his death, he left all the inheritance to his husband Zhang Xueliang. In the end, Zhang Xueliang was enjoying the inheritance of his first wife openly, but after his death, he was buried with Zhao Yidi.
Yu Fengzhi can be said to die with his eyes open, and Zhang Xueliang can also be regarded as a model of being indifferent and unfaithful.
After Zhao Yidi passed away, Zhang Xueliang, who could only sit in a wheelchair, was extremely lonely. His wife was gone and he couldn't go back to his hometown. Missing home, thinking about his father was his obsession in his later years, But in the end he still did not return to his country, and he did not return to his roots, and died in a foreign land.
Zhang Xueliang and his wife are buried together tomb
918918 is Zhang Xueliang's eternal nightmare and the national humiliation that the Chinese will always remember in their hearts. Zhang Xueliang is ashamed of his father, his first wife, his country, and his elders in the Northeast.
After Zhang Xueliang's death, an era ended. Whether it is praise or criticism, these names behind him have nothing to do with Zhang Xueliang. History gave Zhang Xueliang a fair and objective evaluation.
