Size Russian territory (original coffee essay)
Russia-Mongolia War
11 In the 13th 20s, Russia was conquered by Golden Horde , one of the four major khanates of Mongolia.
1478, Moscow Grand Duke Ivan III stopped paying tribute to the Golden Horde. In 1480, the Golden Horde Ahma led his troops to attack the Duchy of Moscow but failed. Soon, Ahma was killed in an internal strife, ending the 240-year rule of the Mongols over Ancient Russ. In 1502, Ivan III and the Crimean Khanate destroyed the Golden Horde .
1547, Ivan IV changed the title of Grand Duke to Tsar, built the Kremlin, making Russia an independent country, and heading towards the path of expansion, and successively destroyed the Kazan Khanate , Astrakhan Khanate , Siberian Khanate , and Nogai Khanate.
Russia-Mongolia War (Original Coffee Essay)
Russia-Swissia War
From the mid-16th century to the early 19th century, Russia- and Sweden- fought many wars for the Baltic and its coastal areas. Both sides won and lost, and the larger ones were eight.
1 In 682, Peter I ascended the throne. In August 1700, Peter I declared war on Sweden again and personally led an army of 30,000 to surround the Swedish Castle, opening the prelude to the 21-year " Northern War ".
1721, Russia and Sweden signed the "House Treaty of Nistat" in Finland. Russia seized land along the coast of Gulf of Finland and from Sweden, and obtained the Baltic Sea estuary.
Peter I was awarded the title of "Emperor of All Russia" by Senate , and established Russian Empire .
11808, Russian Tsar Alexander I took advantage of the alliance between France and Russia, and sent 24,000 troops to invade Swiss Finland, occupying the Oran Islands and Gotland Islands. By the end of the year, the Swiss army was forced to withdraw from Finland.
11 In March 809, the Russian army divided into three groups to attack Sweden, threatening Stockholm, the capital of Sweden. Sweden was forced to negotiate peace. On September 17, the two sides signed the Fredericks Peace Treaty, and Sweden ceded Finland and the Oran Islands to Russia.
Russia War (original coffee essay)
Russia-French War
1812, the French Emperor Napoleon I gathered 610,000 troops and invaded the Russian territory in three ways.
From August 16 to 18, the Russian and French troops carried out the Smolensk Battle . The Russian army could not resist the French attack, abandoned Smolensk and retreated to Moscow.
On August 20, Tsar Alexander I appointed Kutuzov as commander-in-chief of the Russian army. On September 7, the battle of Borodino broke out and the Russian side was defeated.
9 On September 14, the French army entered Moscow, and Russia organized the military and civilians to " Strong Wall and Clear Field " to harass the French army. After that, the cold winter had arrived, and the French army was hungry and cold. On October 19, Napoleon finally ordered the retreat to withdraw from Moscow.
Russian troops entered a counterattack and chased and annihilated a large number of French troops. Napoleon returned to Paris on December 6. The French army lost more than 570,000 people in Russia, all cavalry and almost all artillery, leaving only 30,000 people to retreat to France.
The Russian Patriotic War achieved a great victory.
Russia-French War (Original Coffee Essay)
Russia-Turkish War
Russia-Turkish War refers to a series of wars fought between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire for the Caucasian , Balks , Crimea , Black Sea , etc., among which 10 are important. In addition, the war between the two sides in World War I and Turkey's intervention in Russia-Turkish Wars are usually considered the 11th and 12th Russian-Turkish Wars.
The first Russian-Turkish War occurred between 1676 and 1681. This war lasted for five years and was caused by the Ottoman Empire's invasion of Ukraine after the re-merger of Ukraine and Russia.
1853, Tsar Nicholas I launched a war against Turkey under the pretext of the "holy land". This was the 9th war in Russia and Turkey, known in history as the "Crimean War". In the end, Türkiye and Britain and France jointly defeated Russia.
On March 2, 1855, Tsar Nicholas I died suddenly, Black Sea Fleet was destroyed, and Sevastopol Port and Crimean Peninsula fell.
1914 The 11th Russian-Turkish War broke out. Russia, Britain and France formed an alliance to seek Constantinople . The unfavorable front-line war triggered the Russian domestic revolution in 1918. Tsar Nicholas II was secretly executed.
1918, Britain, France, the United States, Turkey and other countries sent troops to interfere in the Soviet regime established within the Russian Empire, known in history as the 12th Russian-Turkey War. In 1920, under the leadership of Kemal , Türkiye won the War of Independence. In 1921, the Soviet Union and the Turkish government led by Kemal signed the "HTM5 Soviet-Turkey Friendship Treaty ".
Since then, the Russian-Turkish War has ended for 245 years.
Russia-Turkey War (Original Coffee Essay)
Russia-Japanese War
Russia-Japanese War was a war between Japan and the Russian Empire in 1904-1905 to compete for the Korean Peninsula and Northeast China.
Russia was defeated in this battle and was forced to sign " Portsmouth Peace Treaty ".
Pacific Fleet and Baltic Fleet among the three main fleets of the Russian Navy were wiped out, was forced to give up Lushun Military Port , and the Russian army gave up the jurisdiction of a large swath of occupied land in Northeast China and returned to the north of Shenyang.
Russian War (Original coffee essay)
World War I
1914 World War I broke out. The process of this war was mainly a battle between the Allies and the Allied Powers .
German Empire , Austro-Hungarian Empire , Ottoman Empire, and the Kingdom of Bulgaria belong to the camp of allies; British Empire , the Third Republic of France, the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Italy, United States of America , Kingdom of Serbia , the Kingdom of Belgium, Romania and Greek Kingdom , etc. belong to the camp of the Allies.
Russia withdrew from the battle due to the lack of national strength in the late war and various domestic contradictions intensified, and suffered heavy losses. The huge failure of put the Tsarist Russian economy on the verge of collapse.
In February 1918, the bourgeoisie launched an uprising to overthrow the tsar's rule. In October of the same year, revolution broke out in Russia and established the world's first Soviet country.
The battle of the first battle ended with the crushing defeat of Tsarist Russia. The Tsarist Russian Empire, which had been expanding for hundreds of years, fell to the ground, and Tsar Nicholas II was secretly executed.
World War I Russian Army (Original coffee essay)
Supremia War
Supremia War Supremia War Supremia War, also known as Winter War , is a war between the Soviet Union and Finland during World War II .
On November 26, 1939, the Soviet Union created the "Manila shelling incident" and declared war on Finland under the pretext of an excuse. sent 1.2 million troops, and launched a full-line attack on the borders of the two countries.
The war lasted for three and a half months, and finally the Soviet Union defeated Finland at the cost of more than 400,000 casualties.
On March 13, 1940, the two sides signed the " Moscow Peace Agreement ". Finland lost Karelia , including Finland's second largest city, Vyborg , Finland's 10% of its arable land and 1/5 of its industrial output value. 222,000 residents, 12% of Finland's total population, lost their homes and were deported. Finland also ceded the Rebach Peninsula on the Barents Sea, four islands in the Gulf of Finland, part of the Sara area, and leased the Hanko Peninsula to the Soviet Union as a naval base, with a lease period of 30 years .
SuFennial War (Original Coffee Essay)
World War II
World War IIThe second global war was fought with the third German Empire, the Kingdom of Italy, and the Japanese Empire, the second global war of war, with the three fascist Axis powers of the German Third Reich, the Kingdom of Italy, and the Japanese Empire, and the Anti-fascist alliance, and the anti-fascist forces all over the world.
1931 made in Japan September 18th Incident opened the prelude to World War II.
On July 7, 1937, Japan launched a full-scale war of aggression against China, becoming a symbol of the outbreak of World War II in Asia.
German troops launched an attack on Polish on September 1, 1939. Then Britain and France declared war on Germany, and the world war broke out in full swing.
1943, in the Battle of Stalingrad, the Soviet army suffered 2 million casualties and 1.5 million casualties in the German army. In the end, the Soviet army defeated the German army, and this battle became an important turning point in World War II.
On September 8, 1943, Italy surrendered. On April 27, 1945, the Soviet army broke into the central area of Berlin, and on April 29, he attacked the Capitol . On April 30, Hitler shot himself in the basement of the German Chancellor's Office . On May 8, 1945, Germany surrendered. On August 15, Japan announced its surrender. World War II ended with the victory over the fascist alliance against the fascism.
The former Soviet Union's Patriotic War won again, and as a victorious country, it became a superpower after World War II.
After the Battle of Stalingrad (Original Coffee Essay)
Afghanistan War
Afghan War was a 10-year war caused by the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in late December 1979.
On September 14, 1979, Afghan government Prime Minister Amin launched a military coup, overthrew the extremely pro-Soviet regime and served as president.
From December 24 to 26, 1979, the Soviet army launched a surprise attack on Afghanistan , dispatching 280 large transport aircraft to Kabul International Airport and Bagran Air Force Base airlift more than 5,000 officers and soldiers and a large number of weapons and equipment.
At 7:30 pm on December 27, the Soviet Union sent more than 80,000 modern troops to enter the Soviet army stationed in Kabul and occupied the Afghan headquarters, the Ministry of National Defense, radio stations, etc., and attacked the Darulaman Palace where the Presidential Palace is located.
After three and a half hours of fierce fighting, the Presidential Guard was defeated and suffered heavy casualties, and Amin was beaten to death by the Soviet army. His four wives and 24 children, except for one daughter who survived the disaster due to minor injuries, all the rest were killed.
In 1981, several Afghan anti-government armed forces jointly established the Afghan jihadist Islamic Alliance, and the Soviet-Afghan War entered a strategic stalemate. On February 15, 1989, the Soviet army withdrew from Afghanistan in accordance with the agreement.
This war is considered to be a major failure of the Soviet Union's foreign policy. The war exhausted national strength and had a significant impact on the collapse of the Soviet Union.
Afghan War (Original Coffee Essay)
Modern Warfare
On September 2, 1990, the Transnistrian River on the east bank of the Transnistrian River on the east bank of the Slavsian River announced the establishment of the "Dnistrian River East Bank on the Republic of China". In early 1992, Russia dispatched the 14th Army into the Republic of Moldova-Tnistria, which is the "German Left" area. In the referendum in 2006, 97% of the votes supported the De River region to become the free state of the Russian Federation.
In 2008, the Russian army attacked Georgia , helped and recognized the independence of Georgia's South Ossetia Autonomous Prefecture, and unilaterally declared Georgia's Abkhazia region independence, basically taking these two regions into Russia's pocket.
In March 2014, Russia won the Crimea region of Ukraine again. In April 2014, large-scale armed conflict broke out in Donbas region in eastern Ukraine. The civilian armed forces supported by Russia then announced the establishment of the "Donetsk People's Republic" and the "Luhansk People's Republic". On May 22, 2014, the two "republics" announced the formation of a confederacy called "New Russia".
On February 24, 2022, Russia announced the start of special military operations against Ukraine.On September 23, Donetsk, Lugansk , Zaporoze and Khlsson held a five-day "referendum to Russia". On September 27, the results of the "referendum" in the four places were announced, and the approval ratings for "entering Russia" were 99.23%, 98.42%, 93.11% and 87.05% in turn.
In history, Russia has defeated Napoleon and Hitler one after another, and achieved great victories in both Patriotic Wars. I believe that in modern wars, we can also win the victory of Patriotic War again with our perseverance!
Ukrainian city ruins (original coffee essay)
