1911 On October 23, Jiujiang New Army launched an uprising.
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Jiujiang lost his guard " declaration " October 25, 1911
11 October 23, 1911, the 53rd Biaobiao General of the Jiujiang New Army in Jiangxi Province, led his troops to revolt, captured the two offices of the Daofu, and Hukou Fortress and Madang Fortress. Jiujiang was restored, and the next day, the Republic of China military government branch in Xun was established, and Ma Yubao was appointed as the governor.
Source: Wikipedia
Instructions: It was still because of the initial publication issue, I temporarily rushed out an article to fill in the pit, sorry.
The 1911 Revolution of Jiujiang is one of the most important events in Jiujiang's modern history. This event is not just from Jiujiang. It changed Jiangxi Province and even promoted China's historical process. Jiujiang's liberation is the liberation of Jiangxi. With the support of the Jiujiang Revolutionary Army, the Wuchang Uprising can maintain the results of the revolution. Jiujiang made great contributions to the Xinhai Revolution.
As we all know, the Wuchang Uprising has some chance. On the night of October 10, 1911, the Hubei New Army launched an uprising in a hurry. After a night of hard fighting, it occupied the Governor's Office of Wuchang . On the 11th, it announced its independence and established the Hubei Military Government of the Republic of China.
"The True History of the Wuchang Revolution" 1930 edition
After the outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising, the Qing government immediately sent the Army Minister Yinchang to lead the Beiyang Army to attack Hankou and Hanyang . Due to ineffective combat, the former leader of the Beiyang Army Yuan Shikai was later activated. Under the attack of the Beiyang Army, the revolutionary army suffered repeated defeats and suffered heavy casualties, but it was still able to defend Wuchang across the river. During this period, the uprising caused a chain reaction across the country, and revolutionaries in various provinces took action. By the end of November, there were 14 provinces in the country that declared independence and separated from the Qing government. On December 1, Yuan Shikai's troops negotiated a ceasefire with the rebel army, and the story needs to be said.
From mid-10 to the end of November, it was the most critical month and a half of the Wuchang Uprising. The rebel army was not strong, so why was it not extinguished? Although there are many factors, the support from Jiujiang, an important city in the Yangtze River, played a particularly important role. Jiujiang cut off the Qing court's Yangtze River aid line, allowing the rebels to fight against the Beiyang army from Henan without worries. Jiujiang's revolutionary army also participated in the Wuchang defense battle. If Jiujiang had not been revived in the country, the Wuchang Uprising might have been extinguished. The full support of the Jiujiang Military Government was a particularly important weight in the hands of the Wuchang Military Government during the negotiations.
Source: artfoxlive.com
Jiujiang was able to respond first in the Revolution of 1911 because of its social background. I have introduced it in several previous articles in this series. The people of Jiujiang are very revolutionary, with prosperous commerce, advanced industry, and open-minded ideas here. Long before the Wuchang Uprising, a group of Tongmenghui members promoted revolutionary ideas locally, developed revolutionary forces, and even created military training classes to organize businessmen to arm the army.
The main force stationed in Jiujiang by the Qing government was the 53rd standard of the 27th Mixed Association of the Army. This is a new army unit. Most officers at all levels graduated from new military schools and are more likely to accept democratic revolutionary ideas. Through the hard work of the revolutionaries, most officers at all levels of the new army were inclined to the revolutionary party, which made Jiujiang have an excellent revolutionary foundation. It can be said that if the Xinhai Revolution did not break out in Wuchang, it might also break out in cities like Jiujiang and Changsha with revolutionary foundations. This is an inevitable result of social development and change.
On the night of October 10, when the uprising broke out in Wuchang, Jiang Qun, a member of the Jiujiang Tongmeng, happened to pass by Wuhan and return to Jiujiang. He was a classmate of the 53rd bidder in Jiujiang, Ma Yubao, in , Baoding Military Academy, . He had a good personal relationship and had a connection with many officers of the Jiujiang New Army (see "Today in Jiujiang History·Biography of Jiang Qun, the Elder of the Revolution of 1911". After returning to Jiujiang, he promptly conveyed the information about the Wuchang riot and joined forces with members of the Jiujiang Tongmeng to vigorously encourage everyone to respond to the Wuchang Uprising and raise the flag of the uprising.
It seems that nothing is wrong afterwards. In the environment of the past, this is a way to behead him.
After reading a lot of historical materials, the author deeply realized that supporting the revolution and not being afraid of beheading is the common choice of most people in Jiujiang and even the whole of China. We cannot tolerate oppression and exploitation by the Tartars and foreigners. We hope to establish a new democratic republic government. This is the fundamental reason why the Xinhai Revolution was successful.
Jiujiang Red Cross members who supported the revolutionary army Picture source: Wikipedia
After the Wuchang Uprising, Jiangxi received an order from the Qing government to send troops to Jiujiang from Nanchang to prepare to take a boat to Wuhan to suppress the revolution. The Jiangxi governor declared that he was in Wuhan to suppress the mob. After the troops arrived in Jiujiang, the revolutionaries went to the troops to promote the situation and explained the situation. The officers and soldiers of Jiangxi refused to board the ship to Wuhan to suppress their new army brothers (the revolutionary foundation of the Nanchang New Army was also very good), and the Jiangxi governor had to withdraw the troops back to Nanchang. The paragraph
is very important. Please imagine that as long as there is an if, modern Chinese history will be rewritten.
Jiujiang not only disintegrated the encirclement and suppression of the Qing army in Jiangxi, which was closest to Wuhan, but under the instigation of the revolutionaries, the middle and lower-level officers of the new army strengthened their determination to revolt and prepared to launch the uprising on the evening of October 22, and later postponed to the evening of the 23rd for some reason. Although it was postponed for one day, Jiujiang also became one of the earliest province cities in the country to respond to the Revolution of 1911.
Note: The first city outside Hubei to respond after the Revolution of 1911 was Changsha, with the uprising date on October 22, and Jiujiang and Xi'an responding the next day.
Jiujiang lost "Shengbao" On October 25, 1911, on October 23, 1911, the Jinjipo Fort fired three times, and the long-planned armed uprising of the Jiujiang Revolutionary Party finally broke out. At about eight o'clock, the fifty-three soldiers mutinied in unison and attacked the Taoist and government offices with their guns and ammunition. Jiujiang Daotai Baoheng fled into the concession and fled to Shanghai on a steamer. Jiujiang Prefect Puliang also escaped from the back door and sneaked to the provincial capital Nanchang. Puliang's guards did not resist and surrendered to the rebel army.
After the rebel army occupied Jiujiang, they went down the river, first recovered the Hukou Fort, and then captured the most important fortress of the Yangtze River in Pengze . At this point, the Qing government's river defense, land defense and police defense in Jiujiang all collapsed, and the uprising achieved a comprehensive victory.
Jiujiang restoration completely cut off the possibility of the Qing government sending troops from the Yangtze River to Wuchang, and made the Qing Navy surrender to the Revolutionary Army in Jiujiang (this series is described in another article). Jiujiang became a barrier for Wuchang and reversed the situation of the Wuchang Revolutionary Army's retreat step by step.
Re-recording the situation of Jiujiang's fall. "Sheng" October 28, 1911
As the earliest city to be restored in the country, Jiujiang's revolution was almost bleeding. Its success greatly inspired the fighting spirit of the revolutionaries in China, and made more people realize that the demise of the Qing government was irreversible, thus accelerating the independence process of each province.
Looking at the history of the Xinhai Revolution, the author has become increasingly aware that the historical value of the Wuchang Uprising is irrelevant. In terms of importance, the second is the response of Hubei provinces. The Wuchang Uprising was a fire. It lit Wuhan, Hubei, and then ignited the adjacent Changsha and Jiujiang, which then restored Hunan and Jiangxi in full. At the most difficult moment of the Xinhai Revolution, Wuhan, Changsha and Jiujiang became an iron triangle. Only after they held on, did they win the victory of the greatest revolution in Chinese history.
Jiujiang made great contributions to the Xinhai Revolution.
1911 On October 24, 1911, the Jiujiang Military and Political Branch (Wuchang as the main government) was established, calling the New Army Uprising Force the National Revolutionary Army, electing the 53rd Biaobiao General Ma Yubao as the governor, and promulgated an announcement to send a telegram to the whole country. Its notice said:
The Han Dynasty was restored, and the people were jubilant. The
Yiqiu pointed out, and the first was in Anmin.
The barbarians entered the pass and massacred cities everywhere.
Our army is lenient and does not kill people indiscriminately.
If you dare to resist, you will die but not live,
All my compatriots will work together.
Release the shackles, see the light again,
Long live the revolution, the success of the revolution!
1911 Revolution Jiujiang Restoration Notes, this article is just the beginning. This incident with the greatest influence on Chinese history in modern Jiujiang is by no means recorded in a short story of thousands of words. This series will select several important events after the liberation to continue to tell this magnificent and spiritual history, the most glorious history of Jiujiang in more than a hundred years.
Please stay tuned.
"Today in Jiujiang History" is a series of short articles introducing local history. Each article selects an event that occurs on the same day or month with clear historical records, accompanied by relevant photos, news pictures, literature books and other video materials, and makes appropriate comments on the causes and impacts of the incident. Because the author's level is limited and the information is incomplete, there will be fallacies and inappropriate choices. Please criticize and correct me.
