On the eve of liberation in 1949, the Kuomintang was in a desperate situation. Chiang Kai-shek packed up his things and fled to Taiwan (region). Sheng Shicai, who had always been good at changing the situation, rarely turned against the Communist Party, but followed Chiang Kai-shek to fled to Taiwan.
Shengshicai There is an important reason why he dared not turn to the Communist Party, that is, he cruelly killed Chairman Mao’s younger brother Mao Zemin!
But even if he fled to Taiwan, Sheng Shicai's life was not easy. He was worried about his enemies' revenge, and he hid his identity and lived a life of silence, but he was still almost wiped out. Sheng Shicai, who had done all his bad things in his life, looked horrified when he died.
What things did Sheng Shicai betray the people in his life? What's his final outcome? All this has to start with him when he became the "King of Xinjiang".
pic | "King of Xinjiang" Sheng Shicai
1. Holding the thighs of the Soviet Union
Sheng Shicai's life was strange and changeable. He changed his political stance many times for money and power, and gradually walked towards the abyss of betraying the people. At the moment he killed Mao Zedong's younger brother, his life basically came to an end...
Sheng Shicai was born in a landlord family in Liaoning. After the May Fourth Movement, he returned to China to participate in the activity of taking back Qingdao . He was a very sober person. He discovered very early that only an armed revolution could change China. He directly abandoned his pen and joined the military and was admitted to the Shaoguan Martial Arts Hall. After graduating from
, Sheng Shicai joined the Northeast Fengjun Army and was deeply appreciated by Zhang Zuolin . On Fengtian warlord , Sheng Shicai experienced the benefits of power for the first time, which awakened his strong desire for power and political desire deep in his heart!
It’s a pity that Zhang Zuolin also saw his vigorous ambitions and was unwilling to reuse Sheng Shicai. In the position of Chief of Staff, Sheng Shicai has been sitting for several years.
1929, Xinjiang Provincial Chairman Jin Shuren sent people to the mainland to recruit talents. Sheng Shicai felt that this was an opportunity, so he tried every means to get to know Jin Shuren, moved north to work in Xinjiang.
At the beginning, Jin Shuren distrusts Sheng Shicai. The two were neither classmates nor comrades-in-arms, which made Sheng Shicai very embarrassed and could only serve as some staff chief, supervisor and other positions that were not painful.
Later, Sheng Shicai wanted to be a county magistrate again, but he was unwilling to waste his ambitions, so he could only be cautious everywhere and please Jin Shuren.
Jin Shuren saw that he was "honest" and had some talent, so he appointed him as a tactical instructor. Sheng Shicai finally had the opportunity to contact the army. In addition, Shengshicai was the only talent in Xinjiang who received formal higher military education at that time, and soon established prestige in the army.
Sheng Shicai quickly discovered this and immediately began to develop his own power in the army, attract outstanding students, and use them for his own use. These students also became the backbone of the Sheng family army in the future.
1931, Xinjiang was in chaos. Sheng Shicai led his army to quell the rebellion and made great contributions. He soon took the "second seat" in Xinjiang.
It only took Sheng Shicai two years to go from a small staff officer to the commander-in-chief of the Eastern Route Army. In 1933, Sheng Shicai was elected as the temporary supervisor of Xinjiang and became the new generation of "King of Xinjiang".
Picture | Shengshicai
Although Shengshicai was in power at this time, his status was still unstable. As the saying goes, "It is good to rely on a big tree to enjoy the cool air." Shengshicai urgently needs a reliable big tree.
Chiang Kai-shek is indeed a qualified "big tree", but everyone knows that Chiang Kai-shek is suspicious and refuses to use talents outside his direct line. The distant water cannot save the near fire. When Chiang Kai-shek trusts himself, it may be too late.
After thinking about it, Shengshi set his sights on his neighbor Soviet Union.
In 1933, Sheng Shicai sent people to the Soviet Union to express his willingness to further strengthen cooperation with the Soviet Union on the basis of Jin Shuren.
Then Sheng Shicai invited the Soviet Consul General Zilaken to visit his home, and deliberately placed a bunch of classic works such as " Communist Manifesto " and "The Problem of Leninism" on the bookshelf. He kept saying that he was socialism and said that since his student days, he believed that only communism could save China.
Zilaken was confused by his trick and believed it for half. Then Sheng Shicai gave Zilaken and his party a generous gift, asking them to submit their opinions to Moscow as soon as possible.
Zilaken told Stalin the attitude of Sheng Shicai as quickly as possible. Although Stalin nodded to agree to help Sheng Shicai, he did not take action for a long time.
In October of the same year, Sheng Shicai, who could not wait, went to Moscow in person for help. Stalin sent Abresov to Xinjiang on behalf of the Soviet Union to learn about work.
The extremely cunning prosperous times approached Abresov at all costs. They discussed with him regardless of big or small matters, obeyed him in every way, and soon won Abresov's trust.
In December 1934, the Soviet Red Army changed into Chinese military uniforms, brought planes, cannons, and armored vehicle , arrived in Xinjiang in the name of the "Naturalized Army" and launched an attack on the other warlord forces in Xinjiang. With the help of the Soviet Red Army, Sheng Shicai quickly gained a foothold in Xinjiang and became the veritable "King of Xinjiang"!
Then, Sheng Shicai took advantage of the victory and made some "Eight Declarations", which were deeply favored by the Soviet government and required the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to pay attention to Xinjiang's work.
Even so, Sheng Shicai still felt uneasy. He went to the Soviet Union in the name of healing and asked Stalin to approve him to join the Communist Party. Stalin hesitated for a long time, but still failed to withstand Sheng Shicai's repeated insistence and secretly agreed to join the Communist Party.
Shengshicai allowed the Soviet Union to set up a gold mine bureau in Xinjiang to mine gold mines, allow the Soviet Union to mine oil, and also promised to transport a large number of local specialties such as livestock, fur, carpets, etc. to the Soviet Union every year in exchange for Soviet industrial products. In addition, Shengshicai also specially formulated a complete set of "pro-Soviet policies" and tried every means to please the Soviet Union.
pic | Western Route Army (oil painting)
1936, Chen Yun was ordered to go from Moscow to Xinjiang to support Western Route Army . Unexpectedly, just arrived at the Sino-Soviet border, the Xi'an Incident broke out. They were blocked on the Sino-Soviet border for four or five months, and fought fiercely with Qinghai warlords Ma Bufang and gradually fell at a disadvantage.
It was not until the spring of 1937 that the Western Route Army risked their lives to break through to the junction of Gansu and Xinjiang. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China contacted Sheng Shicai. Sheng Shicai sent 10 consultants to Xingxingxia to welcome the remnants of the Western Route Army. At the same time, it also assisted the Eighth Route Army with 30,000 leather coats and a batch of machine guns .
1937, under the mobilization of the Soviet Union, our party established the Eighth Route Army Office in Xinjiang. The united front between the Communist Party of China and Sheng Shicai was successfully built. Mao Zedong's younger brother Mao Zedong's pseudonym " Zhou Bin " went to the Soviet Union to carry out work. Since then, Xinjiang has become the only important transportation route between the Communist Party of China and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
Mao Zemin only discovered after coming to Xinjiang that the real Xinjiang and Sheng Shicai described it completely differently.
Because Xinjiang has been ruled by reactionary warlords over the years, the financial organs have long been occupied by incompetent people. After Sheng Shicai came to power, he borrowed 6 million US dollars of foreign debts and issued 236 billion taels of silver bills, and the financial situation is on the verge of collapse.
After Mao Zemin arrived, the first step was to reform Xinjiang's economy. He integrated finance, economy and finance. The CCP airlifted well-trained cadres into various tax agencies in Xinjiang to strengthen taxation and rectify order.
pic | Mao Zemin
Then Mao Zemin changed the feudal monopoly official bank to a commercial bank and issued new coins. Xinjiang's economy improved greatly and successfully survived the financial crisis.
However, all this changed after the "Three Comprehensive Conference".
The "meritorial officials" who helped Xinjiang in the eyes of Sheng Shicai became the creator of contradictions and frictions. When revising the charter, Huang Huoqing, vice chairman of the Anti-Imperialist Association, added a "In accordance with Mr. Sun Yat-sen's Revolutionary Three Principles of the People " and sent it to Moscow for Sheng Shicai to sign.
, for some reason, the signature document was delayed, so Huang Huoqing had to print it first. As a result, after Sheng Shicai came back, he believed that the Communist Party was "invading" him step by step, and was "making trouble" for him. In anger, he "spent Huang Huoqing to the frontier".
Later, when Mao Zemin got sick and asked for leave to see a doctor, the archives room of the Finance Department unexpectedly caught fire, burning a large number of archives. Sheng Shicai was angry and claimed Mao Zemin a serious mistake and was fined for one month.
In this way, the representative of the Communist Party of China in Xinjiang has become Sheng Shicai's "punching bag", especially Mao Zemin, who has always been regarded as a thorn in his eyes by Sheng Shicai.
In July 1939, Zhou Enlai injured his right arm due to a horse riding, and detoured Xinjiang to Moscow in August. This was his first time in Xinjiang.
Zhou Enlai stayed in Dihua, Xinjiang for about a week. At this time, Sheng Shicai's attitude towards the CCP had changed, attracting the attention of Communist International and the Party Central Committee. During Zhou Enlai's stay in Xinjiang, he had a total of 4 conversations with Sheng Shicai.
After these conversations, Zhou Enlai was more vigilant about Sheng Shicai and adjusted the deployment of CCP personnel in Xinjiang. The first thing Zhou Enlai did when he arrived in Moscow was to send a telegram to the Communist International, applying for them to agree to let Deng Fa leave Dihua , which shows that Zhou Enlai no longer trusted Sheng Shicai.
pic | Zhou Enlai
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Sheng Shicai was very concerned about this matter and personally sent a telegram to affirm that the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army made many military achievements after the July 7th War and achieved outstanding achievements, which dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese invaders in North China, and was admired by the people of the whole country. By the way, he also criticized Chiang Kai-shek's "excessive" demand.
After the "South Anhui Incident", Sheng Shicai sent another telegram to the Soviet Union, expressing his views on the matter, and also proposed that if Chiang Kai-shek continued to attack, he could extend a helping hand to the CCP and support a large number of military supplies. It can be seen that Sheng Shicai during this period did establish a united front with the Communist Party of China and did provide some help, but even so, he did not gain the trust of the CCP. Zhou Enlai found that Sheng Shicai was extremely ambitious, and all this was just a "method" he used to obtain power.
In 1941, the Soviet-German War broke out. The German army marched towards the Soviet Union in accordance with the "Barbarossa" plan formulated by Hitler in the north, central and southern routes. In less than a month, it occupied a vast area and penetrated five or six hundred kilometers deep into the heart of the Soviet Union.
When will the Soviet-German War end? Even if the Soviet Union wins, it may be difficult to recover in a short period of time. If you cannot aid Xinjiang like in the past, it is better to surrender to Chiang Kai-shek!
The time when the prosperous times turned against the target was the most difficult time for the Soviet Union to fight fascist Germany.
At this time, Chiang Kai-shek was also paying close attention to the Soviet-German War. He also believed that the Soviet Union was going to be over, so he naturally had no time to take care of others. Previously, Xinjiang warlords had launched a "border redness" campaign, hoping to make Xinjiang the second Outer Mongolia, and were simply lawless. As the "orthodox" Chiang Kai-shek, he naturally had to find a way to conquer the prosperous talent!
Picture | Chiang Kai-shek
2. Reverse to Chiang Kai-shek's arms
In the autumn of 1941, Chiang Kai-shek sent Wu Zhongxin to Xinjiang for inspection, with the intention of controlling Hexi Corridor . The Hexi Corridor was the only major transportation route from Xinjiang to the mainland at that time. Controlling this place was like tying the life gate of Sheng Shicai.
Wu Zhongxin arrived in the northwest, and took advantage of the conflicts between Qinghai warlords Ma Bufang, Ma Buqing and others to induce them to give up the Hexi Corridor, opening a passage for KMT Central Army to enter the northwest.
A smart person like Sheng Shicai can understand what Chiang Kai-shek wanted to do at a glance. When Chongqing representative Zhang Yuanfu came to Xinjiang, Sheng Shicai had already prepared wine and food to entertain the Kuomintang and his group.
With the recommendation of Zhang Yuanfu, Sheng Shicai came to Xinjiang. Chiang Kai-shek spent a lot of money to welcome Sheng Shicai and his group, and then sent Zhu Shaoliang to Xinjiang to deal with the Xinjiang issue.
Chiang Kai-shek and Sheng Shicai each got what they wanted. The two quickly reached a consensus. Sheng Shicai vowed to Zhu Shaoliang: "In the future, we will definitely be loyal to the party and the country, support the central government, and resolutely obey Chairman Chiang!"
What a "support the central government and obey the leader". In order to show his loyalty, Sheng Shicai turned around and pointed his finger at important Chinese Communist Party cadres in Xinjiang such as Chen Tanqiu and Mao Zemin who worked with him in the past. A total of more than 160 people have all become "prisoners".
Then, Sheng Shicai brutally killed Mao Zedong's younger brother Mao Zedong, and expressed his determination to break up with Mao Zedong!
The "July Anti-Communist" not only won the trust of Chiang Kai-shek, but even the Kuomintang strongly praised Sheng Shicai for achieving "the greatest success of the National Government since its establishment"!
It’s a pity that Sheng Shicai still couldn’t play with Chiang Kai-shek. After falling into the Kuomintang camp, Chiang Kai-shek quickly undermined everything about Sheng Shicai in Xinjiang and took back the actual rule of Xinjiang from a political and military perspective. At this time, the "King of Xinjiang" was just a title.
Chiang Kai-shek's move to "cut off the fire from the cauldron" made Sheng Shi realize that he was "inducing the wolf into the house". He turned to the Soviet Union for help, expressing his willingness to "remake the old" with the Soviet Union, and personally sent a telegram to Stalin to express his repentance.
Picture | Stalin
please Abresov, establish the Xinjiang office of the Eighth Route Army, kill Mao Zemin, join Chiang Kai-shek's camp... These series of actions are just "means" used by Shengshicai for power and money.
He is a true "believer". He joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union not because he believed in Marxism-Leninism , and he joined the Kuomintang not because he believed in the Three Principles of the People. He believed in only "power"!
Stalin hated his capriciousness, Chiang Kai-shek hated his bizarre changeable, and the prosperous talent with his hands covered with blood from the Communists, step by step forced himself into a dead end.
Sheng Shicai has always regarded himself as the "King of Xinjiang" and is the only one who is the only one. He even collectively referred to Xinjiang, the Communist Party and the Kuomintang as the "three major political groups in China". He also said that he was the "third leader" except Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong. He also called himself the "six leaders of the world's "anti-fascist front" together with Stalin, Chiang Kai-shek, Mao Zedong, Churchill and others. It can be seen that Sheng Shicai is so arrogant, and it also demonstrates his extreme desire for power.
Picture | Mao Zedong
Seeing that there was no hope of seeking help from the Soviet Union, Sheng Shicai decided to rely on himself. In the name of "conspiracy and riot case", he wanted to arrest Kuomintang members in Xinjiang and created the "August 11 Huanglin case". For a time, the entire Dihua was shrouded in terror.
After Chiang Kai-shek learned about it, he immediately sent Zhu Shaoliang to Xinjiang to find out the situation. Sheng Shicai argued: "It was the Communist Party who scrambled into the Kuomintang to engage in a conspiracy and riots!"
Chiang Kai-shek understood that it was time to change Xinjiang. He removed Sheng Shicai's position as chairman of the Xinjiang Provincial Government and appointed Wu Zhongxin as chairman of the Xinjiang Provincial Government. Zhu Shaoliang was temporarily replaced before he arrived in Xinjiang.
Now Shengshicai was completely "fallen". At the end of his life, Shengshicai could only take out 50,000 yuan of gold to bribe Chiang Kai-shek, buy a future for himself, and ask Chiang Kai-shek to take care of his life.
1949, the Kuomintang was in a desperate situation, and Chiang Kai-shek still fulfilled his promise and took Sheng Shicai and his family to flee to Taiwan. He thought that everything could start over when he came to Taiwan, but he didn't expect that the nightmare life had just arrived!
pic | Sheng Shicai took a photo with his wife and children
3. Almost destroyed in Taiwan
Sheng Shicai fled to Taiwan with the gold, silver and treasures he had plundered over the years. He never expected that these treasures were loaded with three planes and had not yet been loaded. He asked his younger brother to use a car to help transport property.
In addition to this, Sheng Shicai ordered his subordinates to burn all the "inmates" detained in prison to death. He obviously did not consider that not everyone was as inhumane as he did! After Sheng Shicai left Xinjiang, his subordinates did not execute his orders, leaving a way out for those "inmates".
After coming to Taiwan, Chiang Kai-shek gave Sheng Shicai a free job. Although he had no actual power, he was also very glorious. Sheng Shicai thought he could live a peaceful life, but he didn't expect that he would be plagued by nightmares all day long.
Maybe it was because he had committed too many sins. After the Shengshi came to Taiwan, he was awakened by nightmare almost every day. When he left Xinjiang, he did not take his father-in-law with him. Qiu Zongjun's family. The Qiu family bullied others on their daily lives and harmed many people. After Sheng Shicai left, they wanted to move to Lanzhou for refuge. While building a new house on a large scale, a group of seekers found Qiu Zongjun's family.
On May 17, 1949, the old chef of the Qiu family came to work as usual. When he opened the door, he found that the courtyard was bustling in the past, but today it was surprisingly quiet. The old chef raised his foot and walked towards the inner courtyard. As he walked, he smelled an unusual scent of burnt.
The old chef was shocked and suddenly felt something was wrong. He hurriedly ran out to call the police. When the police arrived, everyone saw an extremely terrifying scene. Smoke came out of the Qiu family's yard, and several burnt corpses in the lobby were randomly thrown to the ground. Qiu Zongjun's three young grandsons were all cut to death with sharp blades, covered in blood. The clothes on his daughter-in-law and son were torn to pieces, and his death was extremely terrifying.
When the policeman came to the backyard, a line of terrifying sentences were written on the wall: "20 years of revenge for one night"! After the police officer filed a case, he immediately notified Sheng Shicai, who was far away in Taiwan. When he learned that his father-in-law's family was brutally destroyed, Sheng Shicai was so sad that he beat his chest and stamped his feet, and vowed to find the murderer to pay his life for his father-in-law's family.
At the same time, he felt a little relieved. If he hadn't escaped to Taiwan, he would probably have himself in the family that was wiped out at this moment.
The process of chasing the murderer is very difficult, because there are too many people who have offended the prosperous times. In order to prevent similar things from happening again, Sheng Shicai stepped up efforts to arrange his own security system.
No matter how high the courtyard wall is built or how many sentries are arranged, Sheng Shicai is still very frightened. In the dream, the common people who were killed by him often appeared to demand his life, or they dreamed of a tragic death of his father-in-law.
As he grew older, Sheng Shicai, who had countless lives, began to believe in the "ghosts and gods". According to post-war statistics, in the 12 years when Sheng Shicai became the "King of Xinjiang", more than 100,000 people suffered unjust injustice and more than 50,000 people were brutally killed.
At first, Sheng Shicai would make up some excuses, but later he simply was too lazy to make up, killing him if he wanted to. If he did too many things to care about human life, Sheng Shicai was naturally afraid of being retaliated.
After coming to Taiwan, Sheng Shicai did not sit in the middle position every time he attended an event, but sat in the leftmost corner of the front row, and sat sideways, so that he could escape at any time. Even when watching a drama, he would sit sideways, half of his face watching the stage and half of his face to look at the audience behind him, always beware of someone plotting against him, and always take his subordinates when eating and drinking, and drink first, before he was willing to move his chopsticks.
In the early 1960s, Sheng Shicai changed his name and lived in seclusion in an alley on Nanjing East Road, Taipei. His residence also changed from a luxurious mansion to an ordinary residential building, which had no hiddenness at all.
Sheng Shicai thought this was the safest. Obviously he learned the painful lesson of his father-in-law's family.
At the same time, Sheng Shicai also changed his name for his children. At this moment, he realized how sad his life was. He actually had to change his name to survive.
As time goes by, people gradually forget Sheng Shicai, and he also lived a normal life. Even if he has a wealth of wealth, he dare not enjoy a little.
He was wearing poor clothes, buying things in convenience stores, and forced himself to smile at others, because this way he could look more easy-going, making people unable to imagine the cruel warlord who was murderous.
pic | Shengshicai
After entering the 1970s, Shengshicai was even more afraid of death and did not even allow anyone to say words like "death" in front of him. peace talisman was posted in every corner of the family, instructing their children not to reveal their true identity no matter what. In this way, Shengshicai spent his sad old age in panic all day long.
On July 13, 1970, Sheng Shicai, the formerly prominent "King of Xinjiang", died of a cerebral hemorrhage. He was full of horror when he died. It seemed that even at the last moment of his life, Sheng Shicai could not escape his sins...
