The late autumn in Beijing is already biting cold. On the way to Xie Jingyi's house, the voice of her phone kept echoing in my ears: "Guangcai, you want to see me several times. I am in good spirits today. I come to my house when I have time. I want to tell you some humorous and funny stories about the chairman. It may be helpful for you to play the chairman better." I put down the phone and was overjoyed and hurried to Aunt Xie's house.
Xie Jingyi is a real "hermit" in the noisy city. She lives in an ordinary community in the noisy city. She is an extraordinary old man in the downtown city. She has experienced the baptism of wind and rain, the erosion of time, and the prosperous period. She served as Chairman Mao Zedong's confidential secretary for 17 years. She served as deputy secretary of the Beijing Municipal Party Committee, member of the 10th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, member of the Standing Committee of the Fourth National People's Congress. She was nominated as vice chairman of the National People's Congress by Premier Zhou and was an important "graspian" during the "Cultural Revolution".
This time she visited, she was in good spirits. As soon as we met, we held my hand: Everyone has read the article you wrote me, and the response is very good. Thank you! I watched the recently popular TV series "Mao Anying" on CCTV. You played Mao Zemin and your image is very good. But your image is more like the young Chairman Mao. "She has always been "not good at cooking", always cooks for me enthusiastically and says with a smile: "I don't know how to cook very well, but my son will say 'Mom is a revolutionary', which has found a way for me to cook well. However, I still want to cook more for you. Don't think that my aunt is not doing well, and maybe she can't make it a few times..." When I heard this, my eyes were wet, and I was moved by my aunt's sincere care for the younger generation.
Aunt Xie is in poor health and has rheumatoid heart disease. Not to mention the fact that in winter, she would be weaker. But she really wanted to spread Chairman Mao’s story to everyone, so she talked about the Chairman’s humor and wit for me again with enthusiasm -
"Chairman Mao said: "Once the May Day and the National Day arrive, he will go back to Beijing to 'punishment'."
Xie Jingyi said: "From 1950 to early 1970, Chairman Mao was in good health and often left Beijing to inspect work and investigate and research. Sometimes I go out for a few months, or even two-thirds of the year, I spend my time in other places. Every time he goes out, he is light and simple. The accompanying staff are secretary, guards, medical staff, confidentiality, photography and other staff, each performing their own duties. As confidential personnel, our responsibility is to ensure that Chairman Mao, who is in other places, maintains uninterrupted confidential contact with the Beijing Party Central Committee. Due to the nature of the work, I have many opportunities to contact the Chairman, and there is no sense of mystery. "
Chairman Mao has been paying attention to social practice and investigation and research since his studies. He once went to "study travel" with his classmates without any essays, with the purpose of understanding society and tempering himself. He not only emphasizes "books with words", but also "books with words without words". He is an outstanding social practitioner, which is an important aspect that different from ancient and even today's literati. Therefore, there is a later famous saying: "Without investigation and research, there is no right to speak. ”
After the founding of New China , Chairman Mao still maintained the fine tradition of investigation and research in his busy schedule. Xie Jingyi said: “In the past ten years of my mission with the Chairman, I have followed him to inspect work in various provinces and cities such as North China, East China, and Central and South China. Just as a song sang: Chairman Mao traveled all over the land of the motherland..."
Speaking of this, Aunt Xie smiled. She said: "In the period after the founding of New China, every May Day and National Day, there was a regular meeting in Tiananmen Square . Chairman Mao and other leaders of the party and state stood on the city tower to meet the masses, which restricted the Chairman's activities in other places, because he had to return to his residence in Beijing before two festivals. For this reason, he once said to me humorously: "Once the May Day and the National Day arrive, we will go back to Beijing to 'finished station'."
"Chairman Mao said: You can take the initiative by taking the train, stop if you want, and leave if you want.This is the real reason why he did not take the plane. "
The reason why Mao Zedong did not take the plane was that Mao Zedong encountered lightning in the air while taking the plane and lost contact with the ground for 40 minutes. On April 25, 1956, Mao Zedong proposed to go to Guangzhou for inspection. In order to save time on the road, he insisted that Guangzhou and his party would take the plane - and it was a plane flying by Chinese pilots. On April 30, the then Air Force Commander was the commander of the Air Force. Liu Yalou issued a flight mission to Hu Ping, the commander of the special aircraft flight regiment in Beijing, to carry out Mao Zedong's special aircraft. The mission crew was personally the captain, the pilot was Chen Jinzhong, the pilot was Zhang Zhenmin, the communicator was Liu Kunshang, and the mechanic was Shu Zhizhang. The aircraft was selected as the best of the two Su-Mao Li-2 transport aircraft modified according to the special aircraft requirements, the No. 8205 aircraft. This was the first time Mao Zedong took the People's Air Force's own aircraft, so the central government's flight was for this flight The journey attached great importance to it. The No. 8205 aircraft has been carefully maintained and tested. On the morning of May 3, Mao Zedong took flight No. 8205 from Beijing Xijiao Airport and went to Guangzhou via Wuhan. After 4 and a half hours of flight, he landed at Wuchang Nanhu Airport at 12:30. At 2:30 pm that day, he took off from Nanhu Airport. After 3 and a half hours of flight, he landed at 6:00 pm at Guangzhou Baiyun Airport at 6:00 pm Fall. Arrive at the destination safely. Mao Zedong stayed in Guangzhou for nearly a month. On May 30, Mao Zedong returned to Beijing from Guangzhou on plane 8205, landed at Datupu Airport in Changsha, Hunan and traveled to the Xiangjiang River. He flew to Wuhan again the next day. When the plane landed at Nanhu Airport, Chairman Mao deliberately observed the construction scene of the piers of the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge in the air. On June 4, Chairman Mao took a plane from Hankou in the morning after traveling to Yangtze River in the morning. Wangjiadun Airport took off and returned to Beijing. Unexpectedly, when passing by the near Hengshui, Hebei, the plane encountered thunderstorm clouds and blocked the route. Thunderstorm clouds are clouds that developed vertically for thousands of meters. Once the plane mistakenly entered such clouds, it would be subject to strong disturbances and hail and lightning. Even advanced aircraft and highly skilled pilots dare not enter such dangerous clouds. Modern jets can climb above 8,000 meters, Crossed from Genting . But for the Li-2 aircraft with a ceiling of only 5,600 meters, it is only possible to change the route and bypass the thunder and rain cloud area. After research, the air crew of No. 8205 decisively changed the planned course. First, it flew over Cangzhou Airport with relatively stable weather, avoided the thunder and rain clouds, then flew north and returned to Beijing Xijiao Airport to land. During the flight around the cloud, it took about 40 minutes, and the plane lost contact with the ground and the ground radar could not be found. Airplane. At this time, the central leader who was greeted by Xijiao Airport and Liu Yalou, who was waiting on the command tower, and all the people present were extremely anxious. The missing plane finally appeared above the Xijiao Airport and landed slowly. When Chairman Mao put down the book in his hand and walked off the plane calmly, people breathed a sigh of relief.
Some people said that it was precisely because of the "air adventure" in 1956 that the Central Political Bureau Only then did Mao Zedong strictly control the flight. In order to ensure Mao Zedong's safety, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee unanimously decided that all future inspections will generally not be allowed to take planes, and all the legends of
do not conform to the historical truth. Xie Jingyi unraveled this historical mystery to me:
"Every time Chairman Mao left Beijing, he took a train out, that is, a special train. The seldom takes flights, not for personal safety reasons, but for work. Once, the Chairman once talked to me about this matter and said, "You can take the initiative by taking the train, stop when you want, and leave when you want. If you want to stop, ask the train to find a branch line, get off the car and take a look, or talk to the local leaders. ’”
This is the real reason why Mao Zedong did not take a plane. It is in line with Mao Zedong's idea of focusing on field investigation and research, and also in line with his personal character.Just imagine, if Mao Zedong wanted to take a plane, could the Political Bureau of the Central Committee stipulate that he would not take a ride? Back then, he wanted to swim the Yangtze River, and the central leaders also opposed it, but in the end he still swims the Yangtze River? Mao Zedong was full of challenge throughout his life, not believing in evil, not afraid of death. Everything started from the cause of the Party and the people, and never considered personal safety. Although the conditions for the special train of
are better than those of ordinary passenger cars, it is not a good time to live in the car for a long time. Noise rumbling, bumpy and shocking, cold in winter and hot in summer, everything is inconvenient, which always makes people feel unstable and tired. In order to understand the real situation of the masses, Mao Zedong never refused to be tired of running around from a long distance, breaking his daily routine in his residence in Beijing to adapt to train life. Xie Jingyi said: "In Beijing, the chairman works at night and only sleeps for a few hours during the day. On the special train, in order to observe the people's conditions and crop growth on the spot, he asked him to drive during the day and stop at night." From a safety perspective, taking a train is not absolutely safe, and it may give the enemy a chance to assassinate. The operation of the
special train was originally confidential, but Mao Zedong did not agree. Xie Jingyi said: "Sometimes, when the train passes through the intersection of towns, the speed is generally slow. The staff pulls the window screen up, and Chairman Mao will open it outward to observe. Because the window of the car is very large and bright, it can often be recognized by the isolation rod, and the crowd is cheering and excited. Some people even follow the train to greet the chairman, and the chairman also waves to the crowd with a smile. In this case, our staff are always on the verge of safety concerns. He advised the Chairman to sit down or pull the window screen again, but he always unhappily pulled it open and stuffed it into the metal rack, saying, 'What are you afraid of? This is the people! Why am I afraid of the people?' The staff explained to him that he should be wary of some bad people. He also said, 'Even if there are some bad people, don't you be afraid! With so many good people here, how dare a bad person harm me? Even if we want to harm, we have gone far away and are not afraid.'" It can be seen that the Chairman's love for the people is more than his love for individuals.
"I found someone stole wheat in the field on the train and said to the Chairman: 'Chairman, look, the stole wheat.' The Chairman hurriedly said: 'Don't speak, don't speak! It seems that farmers' grain is still not enough to eat!'" The special train of
in the vast wilderness provided conditions for Chairman Mao to observe the growth status of large areas of crops. As Chairman Mao’s confidential secretary, Xie Jingyi could often go in and out of the Chairman’s carriage, and sometimes sat with him or stood in front of the window to observe the ever-changing crops. Xie Jingyi said, "Chairman Mao was so ecstatic. He could find out which field of seedlings grow, where there was drought, where there was flood, where there was a good crop, or where there was a bad growth. He looked at it and pointed to me, 'Where is better in this area!' The joy was beyond words. The train was speeding, and his vision changed. 'What is this? Oh, sweet potato field.' Suddenly, he said excitedly: 'Look, the sweet potato seedlings planted are alive.' After a while, he said anxiously: 'Oh! This land is dangerous.' I followed the direction of his finger and saw a wilted sweet potato seedlings."
"Once, Chairman Mao was looking at the golden wheat that was about to mature in the north in the carriage, very happy. I was also standing beside him and looking out. Suddenly I saw a A rural woman carrying a load on her shoulder seemed to be returning to the village after delivering meals to the ground. The whistling train was accustomed to her and didn't mind. She walked, while stroking the wheat grains on the wheat ears and putting them into her pocket with her hands. I said to the Chairman in surprise: 'Chairman, look, the one who stole the wheat.' The Chairman quickly stopped me in a low voice and said: 'Don't speak, don't speak! ' He was afraid that he would hurt the woman's self I felt as if I had forgotten that I was on the train. The train was running lightning and the sound of rolling sounds rumbling. How could I hear the voices inside the car outside the car! Chairman Mao kept looking at the woman's figure disappearing outside the window, and then he said to himself in a lost mood: 'It seems that the farmers' food is still not enough! Otherwise, why would she try to grab those handfuls of wheat? 'When eating that day, I noticed that Chairman Mao looked serious, silent, and thoughtful.I guess he was probably thinking about the woman. "
train is running in the north. Chairman Mao is most concerned about the growth of crops in Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces. Whenever he sees the crops growing poorly due to rain, his face is always filled with sorrow. He once said to Xie Jingyi: "These provinces are always drought and water-deficient. "As long as the grain in Hebei, Shandong and Henan can be self-sufficient, the country's food will be richer. "To this end, Chairman Mao once convened leaders of these provinces on the train to discuss and hold meetings to study and solve water conservancy problems.
Chairman Mao was not satisfied with "showing the flowers" on the running train, and often asked the parking to "get off the horse and watch the flowers". When the special train was parked on a certain line, he would walk down and turn around the surrounding fields, take a look, and touch the crops. Sometimes he was not satisfied with looking close, so he asked the local area to send a car to the distance to take a look. From the wheat, corn, and sweet potato fields in the north to the south He wanted to see the rice fields and rapeseed flowers with his own eyes and touch them with his own hands. Standing in the field, his expression was so serious and so meticulous. It can be seen that he was thinking about the food of the people across the country. This is a leader who truly cares about the people and cares about the sufferings of the people.
Xie Jingyi said: "I remember once, after a foreign couple met with the chairman on the train, they also got off the train with the chairman and came to the field to inspect the crops. The female foreign guest wore high heels, and the heel of a shoe was broken inconvenient to walk in the bumpy and soft ground. After such an accident, the foreign guests and couple not only did not feel embarrassed or complained, but instead stretched out their heel-free feet and burst into laughter. The hosts and guests present suddenly laughed, adding fun to the unique reception scene. "
" When Chairman Mao cried, he did not cry with his face upright, but closed his eyes and flashed his eyes and cried.
A man did not cry easily, but he did not reach the sad place. A great man like Mao Zedong, is he a heart-warming? Will he cry? Aunt Xie Jingyi told me: "Chairman Mao, like ordinary people, has seven emotions and six desires. Not only can he cry, but his feelings are very delicate. ”
Xie Jingyi asked Mao Zedong personally: "Chairman, An Qing is sick and recuperating in another place, why don't you see him? "Mao Zedong said: "I want to see it, but when I see him, I think of An Ying, her mother (Kaihui), the sacrificed family, and the era..." Through these, we see that the feelings of the great man Mao Zedong are rich and delicate, and he has the passionate feelings of a poet. He not only has a normal relationship, but also has a very human relationship. From this we can see the inner world of the great man.
Most of the Mao Zedong expressed in film and television works are trying to "popularize him." ", mortalization. In order to narrow the psychological distance between great men and the people and make them friendly, it is understandable that they often deal with the feelings of great men in the most natural way. Because the charm of life, especially the art, lies precisely in the details. For example, the image of middle-aged Mao Zedong displayed in a popular drama on CCTV recently, there are many scenes of Chairman Mao's tears. The actors show that the tears of great men are natural and real. Xie Jingyi has watched this drama and said when communicating with me: "Chairman Mao's crying is not 'silly' crying, but closing his eyes and flashing his eyes to tears. "How delicate! This is in line with Mao Zedong's personality traits. If I hadn't been working with Mao Zedong for 17 years, how could I understand such details? These just determine the similarities and differences between great men and mortals in sadness and grief, and also provided great help to me to play Mao Zedong well.
"Chairman Mao does not eat fish from the people of Jiangxi, and ordered the guards to let go of the fish and put them back into the original pond."
Xie Jingyi talked to me about Chairman Mao's story so happy. When I asked Xie Jingyi and Chairman Mao's experience of going to Jinggangshan , she told me a story about "Chairman Mao does not eat fish from the people of Jiangxi". I asked curiously: "Why don't you eat fish from the people of Jiangxi?" ”
Xie Jingyi said: “About 1965, Chairman Mao’s special train arrived in Jiangxi and stopped on a railway fork.That morning, the Chairman arranged for local leaders to hold meetings and talk on the train. There is a ditch next to the railway where the train stops. There is water in Jiangxi and there is fish. The chairman was in the car and our staff had nothing to do. The news records of the chairman on a business trip with the film studio Jia Qiu and Comrade Jia from the film studio suggested that they go into the water to give the chairman a fishing meal. So the cadre team (guard) and some of our staff responded together, and the gay men took off their shoes, rolled up their pants and went down to the ditch to touch the fish. Photographer Shu Shijun and I stood by the ditch, watching the fun while helping them pick up fish and put them in the bucket. People are happy and fish are jumping, and it is very lively. "
" Everyone said happily: 'Today I want to improve my life for the Chairman! ’Because there were many people and not much effort, we loaded half of the bucket of fish of all sizes, including some small red carp, churning in the bucket, and everyone was excited about the harvest this time. After the Chairman's meeting was finished, we closed the stall and got into the car. I ran to the Chairman with great enthusiasm to report the news, and he was sitting on the sofa smoking and resting. I said, ‘Chairman, today I will improve your life and stir-fry small fish with chili. ’He asked me what was going on. I told you all about slutting fish. I thought the chairman would be happy after hearing this, but he didn't expect him to ask back: "Is the fish alive?" ’I replied: ‘Everyone is alive. ’The Chairman said: ‘Thank you, comrades, tell them, let the fish go! And put it back into the original pond. ’When I heard this, I was very frustrated and argued: ‘That’s not someone’s pond. If it were a pond, we wouldn’t have caught other people’s fish. It was a small ditch next to the railway, and the water was accumulated from rain. ’After hearing me, the Chairman said seriously: ‘Although that is not a pond for any family, it is a pond for the people of Jiangxi! ’After the Chairman’s repeated insistence, everyone had to put all the fish back as he wanted. "
At this point, we understand the real reason why Mao Zedong did not eat fish from Jiangxi, which was his love for the people of Jiangxi. Jiangxi is a more special place. Nanchang Uprising fired the first shot of armed rebellion against the Kuomintang led by the Communist Party. Jinggangshan is the cradle of the Chinese revolution and the starting point for the victory of the Red Army . Chairman Mao once wrote a poem and wrote two lyrics for Jinggangshan, and wrote a famous one. "Why can the Red Regime of China exist?" " Jinggangshan Struggle " and other works, after the founding of New China, they returned to Jinggangshan, "coming thousands of miles to find the old place, the old look becomes a new look." This shows the Chairman's special feelings for Jiangxi. Xie Jingyi said: "This shows that the old man still remembers and abides by the "three major disciplines and eight points of attention" he personally formulated in the " three major disciplines and eight points of attention" in the "http://www.com.cn/1000-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-100-1 ”
