Lao Tan wrote "Lin Biao won the day before, Chairman Mao wrote the first words, 8 times revised it into a classic, but Hu Shi said after reading it: It's strange".
This article is about: On September 17, 1935, the Central Red Army led by Chairman Mao entered the territory of Gansu after conquering the natural danger of Lazikou. On September 20, when the troops arrived at Hadapu, south of Minxian County, for a rest, Chairman Mao keenly caught the news that there was a Red Army in northern Shaanxi.
On September 27, in Bangluo Town, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee made a decision to join the Red Army in northern Shaanxi after a meeting.
On October 7th, the Red Army crossed the Liupan Mountain. Lin Biao, commander of the first column of the Central Red Army, found two cavalry companies of the 19th Regiment of the 7th Division of the 37th Army Cavalry Division of the Kuomintang near Qingshizui on Liupan Mountain. After careful deployment, he, Nie Rongzhen and Zuo Quan, In one fell swoop, this enemy army was eliminated, and the first cavalry reconnaissance company of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army was formed using the captured warhorses.
When Chairman Mao on the top of Liupan Mountain received the good news, he chanted it and wrote it as "The Ballad of the Long March", which was later revised into "Qingpingle·Liupan Mountain", in which "not a hero without the Great Wall" has become a famous sentence from all over the world. .
will continue today.
Chairman Mao led the main force of the Central Red Army over Liupan Mountain, and after more than 1,000 miles of hard marching and heroic battles, entered northern Shaanxi from Gansu.
On October 18, 1935, the Party Central Committee held a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau in Tiebiancheng.
The main topic of the meeting was: After the Red Army entered Shaanxi, should the next strategy be to fight Chiang Kai-shek's direct line troops in the west, the Northeastern Army in the south, or the north?
This operational policy directly affects the construction of the base area in northern Shaanxi, and is related to the integration with the Northwest Red Army, the development of mass work, the solution of materials, and the preparation of winter clothes.
Therefore, on October 19, after the Party Central Committee and the Central Red Army entered the Shaanxi-Gansu revolutionary base in Wuqi Town, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee continued to hold a meeting to discuss this issue.
At this meeting, Chairman Mao made a concluding speech, proposing to change the slogan of "Go to northern Shaanxi and connect with the Soviet Union through guerrilla warfare" proposed at the Russian circle meeting, and change it to the establishment of Wuqizhen. As the center of the Northwest Soviet Area, it developed to the west and northwest, thus leading the national revolution.
On the night of November 21, 1935, the Red Army launched a blockade against the 109th Division of the Kuomintang Army that was chasing Zhiluo Town. Not only did the division completely annihilate, but also a regiment of the 106th Division of the Kuomintang Army stationed in the Zhangjiawan area was annihilated in the pursuit of victory. .
Chairman Mao later commented on the "Battle of Zhiluo Town" in "On the Strategies Against Japanese Imperialism", saying: This battle "gives the Party Central Committee the task of placing the national revolutionary base in the northwest, and held a The foundation stone laying ceremony."
Needless to say, the victory of the battle in Zhiluo Town further strengthened the central government's determination to place the Chinese revolutionary base in the northwest.
However, no one thought that Lin Biao, the commander of the army, had the idea of going to southern Shaanxi to fight guerrillas.
This is an idea that runs counter to central.
It should be noted that the first Red Army and the Fourth Red Army separated after joining forces, because Zhang Guotao insisted on going south.
Therefore, the idea of Lin Biao's birth at this time will undoubtedly affect the military's heart.
The idea of Lin Biao meeting was born. When he arrived in northern Shaanxi, all he could see was the Loess Plateau. He was pessimistic and desperate. He believed that the people of northern Shaanxi were poor and difficult to develop, and he also led the Red Fourth Front Army to develop in southern Shaanxi before Zhang Guotao. Influenced by this, I had the idea of going to southern Shaanxi to fight guerrillas.
In order to make this idea a reality, he wrote to Chairman Mao on December 9, saying that he "has an unshakable determination to leave his current post and change to guerrilla warfare."
After that, on December 12th, 15th, and 18th, they called the central government again, requesting that they "leave their current positions and engage in guerrilla warfare."
Speaking of which, this is neither the first time Lin Biao proposed to "leave his current position and change to guerrilla warfare", nor is it the first time that Lin Biao had an ideological disagreement with Chairman Mao.
As early as 1928, after the "August defeat" of the Jinggangshan base area, Lin Biao, then the head of the 28th regiment, raised the question of "how long the red flag will be fought"; At that time, Lin Biao, then the commander of the column, strongly advocated mobile guerrillas in the border areas of Guangdong and Jiangxi, and disapproved of Chairman Mao's proposal to establish a consolidated base.
Chairman Mao said to He Changgong at that time: "Lin Biao was still a child, what did he know?"
He later wrote the article "A single spark can start a prairie fire", which systematically answered and solved Lin Biao's questions.
The most extreme thing is that during the Long March, Chairman Mao commanded the Red Army to cross the Chishui River, but Lin Biao was too tired.
Chairman Mao seriously criticized Lin Biao as an ignorant "baby" at the Council meeting.
Regarding Lin Biao's clamor for going to fight guerrillas in southern Shaanxi this time, there is a lesson from Zhang Guotao's "going north versus going south" debate. Chairman Mao attached great importance to it. He and Zhang Wentian jointly sent a message to Peng Dehuai on December 19, asking Peng Dehuai to be Lin Biao. ideological work, and dispelled his idea of going to southern Shaanxi to fight guerrillas.
On December 21st, Chairman Mao was still uneasy about this matter, and called Peng Dehuai again, asking him to tell Lin Biao to "come to the Central Committee".
However, Lin Biao did not move his nest after receiving the call. Instead, he called the Central Committee and Chairman Mao twice on December 21 and 23, saying: "The Central Committee has not yet approved my proposal to change my job, so I have no way to come to the Central Committee. It is necessary."
The Wayaobao meeting was successfully concluded on December 25. The central government began to deploy the Eastern Expedition in accordance with the spirit of the Wayaobao meeting. Chairman Mao and Zhou Enlai jointly called the heads of the various regiments and issued an action plan for the Eastern Expedition.
The telegram also mentioned, "Is Comrade Lin Biao coming to the Central Committee?"
Lin Biao responded very quickly. On December 26, he replied: "I am still expecting the Central Committee to approve me to fight guerrilla warfare."
This performance is somewhat stubborn Insanity means.
Previously, Chairman Mao invited Lin Biao to meet with the Central Committee through Peng Dehuai from a caring and personal standpoint. Since Lin Biao was stuck in Fuxian County and refused to leave, he had to come. Really.
At 23:00 on December 29th, the central government strictly ordered Lin Biao to "receive the call and immediately come to the central government to discuss your work, and the post will be handed over to Zuoquan for the time being."
Lin Biao had a bad look and had to leave on January 2, 1936 to return to the central location - Wayaobao.
Chairman Mao started a discussion with Lin Biao about going south and east: to go south to fight guerrillas in the mountainous areas of southern Shaanxi, you must cross the Guanzhong area centered on Xi'an, and this large area is garrisoned by the Northeast Army and the Northwest Army, that is, in southern Shaanxi The guerrilla forces would lose direct contact with the central part of northern Shaanxi. Moreover, Chen Cheng deployed three armies in Luoyang and its west, and these three armies were bound to be attracted, which would eventually endanger the security of northern Shaanxi. In the case of the Eastern Expedition, it is to cross the river and pass through Shanxi. The two places are only separated by a river, and the connection between the front and the front is more convenient.Moreover, after passing through Shanxi, not only is Shanxi rich and prosperous, and it is easy to solve the problem of the difficulty of supplying troops, it is also consistent with the anti-Japanese national salvation program that has been publicized before the Long March.
After some analysis by Chairman Mao, Lin Biao quickly realized his mistake, happily accepted the decision of the Central Committee, and no longer made a fuss about going to southern Shaanxi to fight guerrillas.
