As mentioned above, the Turkic Revival Jane said: In 600 years of history, I have not really lived on my knees. We mentioned that the Ottoman Turk Empire is a great empire established by the Turks, and its place is destined. Become a place of "quartet attack and coalition". There are powerful enemies all around.
The first major regime revived and established by the Turks in the Middle East was the "Seljuk Empire". From the beginning of its establishment, the Seljuk Empire had entangled with Byzantium, one of the two main enemies of the Ottoman Empire, and helped the Ottoman Empire to destroy the Byzantine Empire first. The Byzantine Empire is amazing, it has existed for 11 centuries, and it is also the source of civilization in Europe, especially the countries in eastern and central Europe.
In this process, the Byzantine Empire is declining. Until 1453, when the Byzantine capital Constantinople was captured, the four hundred years of fierce war between the Turks and the Eastern Roman Empire finally ended.
The 11th-century Eastern Roman Empire and the 6th-century Byzantine Empire represent the difference between the Eastern and Western dynasties
The Byzantine Empire is called the Eastern Roman Empire. Since there is East, there is West , No matter what comes from the Roman Empire. From 27 BC to 1453, the Roman Empire existed as the co-master of Western civilization for 15 centuries. Some people will marvel at the long-term time of this empire. However, the Roman Empire in the West is not based on blood inheritance, but based on aristocratic democratic identity and later on Christian cultural identity. The blood relationship is not the fundamental factor.
Let's take the Byzantine Empire as an example. The Roman Empire arrived in 395. Before his death, the last unified emperor Theodosius I appointed his two sons as emperors of East and West Rome respectively, and the East and West Roman Empire was established.
In 476, the Western Roman Empire was destroyed, and the Eastern Roman Empire remained until 1453. During its 1058 years, most of its time was divided by historians into the Theodosius Dynasty, Leo Dynasty, Justinian Dynasty, Heraklion Dynasty, and Issuri that have no blood relationship. Subdynasty, Phrygia, Amoria, Macedonia, Komunin, Ducas, Angelos, Lascaris, and Valleoli.
This is completely different from the 624-year history of the Byzantine Empire from its establishment in 1299 to its demise in 1923. From the first emperor to the last emperor, there is a direct blood relationship, and they are all inherited from father and son. Of course, there are cases where the son is inherited by his younger brother.
Eastern civilization pays more attention to ancestry, while Western civilization relatively ignores it, as long as there is kinship involved. Even if there is no blood relationship, as long as the relationship is in-law to inherit the throne, there is no problem.
In 1068, because he married the widow of the Byzantine Emperor Constantine X Ducas, the military aristocrat of Cappadocia, Diogenes (Romanus IV), became the "Co-Emperor". However, because Constantine’s son Michael VII Ducas did not have the will to govern the country, the power was in the hands of Diogenes.
In 1071, the complete decline of the Byzantine Empire began
Since the Macedonian dynasty, the Byzantine Empire gradually lost its power across the three continents of Europe, Asia and Africa, leaving only Asia Minor (Anatolia Peninsula) and the Balkans. , Transcaucasus region, etc. Armenia, as an important hub of the Transcaucasus region, is the gateway to the Caucasus and the Middle East. To this end, Romanus IV strives to take the area.
Since 1069, the Byzantine Empire and the Seljuk Empire have been engaged in a tug of war around this area. Although the Seljuk Empire had disputes with Byzantium at this time, its main focus was still on the "sect war". As a vassal state of the Arab Empire (Sunni), the Seljuk Empire expanded in name, and the Fatimid dynasty (Shia) in North Africa became one of the most important enemies.
Romanus IV wanted to take advantage of the battle between the Seljuk Empire and the Fatimid dynasty to carry out assault operations against it. But Byzantium actually failed! When Seljuk Sultan Arslan caught him, the dialogue between the two pointed out the root cause of Byzantium's failure. It is said that the dialogue is like this:
Arslan: "If I were captured by you,what will you do? ".
Romanus: "I may kill you, or I may drag you to the streets of Constantinople to show the public.
Arslan: "I will punish you more severely, I will forgive you, and you will be free.
Later, Romanus IV promised Arslan a ransom, cedes the land and other benefits and was released. However, what awaited him was the opposition of his former subordinates and nobles. He was finally blinded and exiled to the island. Shang dying tragically.
From this we can see: in the face of interests, brothers and friends are nothing but oneself. But the country cannot be itself, because he is not one person but many people. In the face of interests, Many people have many ideas. When facing the enemy, their own betrayal is more terrible than the enemy.
Below we will talk about the internal factors of the defeat of the Byzantine Empire and the various defeats of the defeat in 1071.
Question.
The tree moved the dead, the Turkic revival Jane said: Ottoman Turkey has not kneeled for six hundred years Ottoman Turkish Empire 2
Attachment 1 The Turkic rejuvenation after being defeated by the Tang army depends on these two pieces. The Ottoman Weapon Rise
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