"Others laugh at me for being too crazy, I laugh at me for not seeing through."
When it comes to the four talents in Jiangnan, everyone will think of the romantic talent in Stephen Chow's movie who is literary and martial, free and unruly, and grilled chicken wings with a brush. Although the plot in the movie is dramatic and exaggerated, the movie mentioned that Tang Bohu pretends to be sick and avoids Ning Wang's recruitment is indeed true in history.
There is also the "next sentence" that Tang Bohu fought against the "Pengzhiyan" in the movie, which made Tang Bohu vomit blood for several liters of liters of blood when he originally wanted to make things difficult for the couplet.
Tang Bohu in history is indeed very well-written couplets. Many of his couplets have been passed down for generations, and there is also a couplet, which is later called "the famous couplet of eternals".
And this couplet was written to the toilet by him in order to earn 10 taels of silver from his "owner".
Write "eternal name pair" to the toilet
Tang Bohu's birth name Tang Yin, "Bohu" is his character, which can be seen from his "name" and "character". His zodiac sign is Tiger.
In fact, the "Four Talents of Jiangnan" that everyone is familiar with is the exact name of "Four Talents of Wuzhong", because these four talents are all from Wuxian (now Suzhou, Jiangsu).
Although Tang Bohu was talented, he was implicated in the imperial examination fraud case. After being released from prison, he was unintentional to be famous and wandered around the market, making a living by writing poetry and selling paintings.
The thing that wrote "eternal name" to the toilet happened when he was lingering in the market.
It is said that a county magistrate built a new yard at that time. Before moving in, in order to show that he was a scholar, he asked someone to write couplets for every house and even arranged the cottage.
According to the saying that the county magistrate also has a master. Although he may not be a talented and knowledgeable scholar, writing two couplets should be no problem.
Other couplets such as main houses and living courtyards are simple to write, but the couplets given to the thatched cottage are difficult.
Although this place is a must for everyone, it is difficult to wait for the elegant place. In ancient times, gentlemen and ladies were embarrassed to say the word "going to the toilet" and replaced it with "changing clothes".
So even if the person invited by the county magistrate can write, they are unwilling to write couplets to the toilet, for fear that they will be ridiculed by others.
This county magistrate couldn't read a lot of words, so he naturally didn't know whether it was gentle or not. He thought no one could write it, so he posted a notice and offered a reward of 10 taels of silver to write couplets for his toilet.
notice was posted for 3 days but the list was not announced. The couplets were not posted, and the county magistrate could not move in. It was obvious that the auspicious time was about to pass, and the county magistrate was in a hurry.
At this time, the butler at the county magistrate's house suddenly remembered that he had heard that a man named Tang Bohu was very good at writing couplets, so he quickly prepared a gift and asked the servant to invite Tang Bohu.
Tang Bohu was originally unruly, and now he was worried about food and drink. After hearing the purpose of the servants of the county magistrate's family, he agreed without saying a word.
After coming to the county magistrate's house, Tang Bohu had enough food and drink before he went straight to the desk, and wrote a couplet with his pen:
And it seems that the guests are very affectionate, and they will never regret it if they are willing to take off their clothes.
Don’t say that this thing is ruthless, it turns into spring mud to protect the flowers.
has only 26 words in the upper and lower lines, and the parallelism is neat, not only pointing out the "toilet", but also extending the deep meaning of "turned into spring mud".
And what's more rare is that this thing that everyone is embarrassed to speak out is a bit embarrassed to speak, but in Tang Bohu's writings, it is elegant and has no vulgar meaning at all. After the couplets of
were spread, they were later praised as "famous couplets throughout the ages". Later, the Qing Dynasty poet Gong Zizhen also had similar sentences in "Miscellaneous Poems of Ji Hai", which shows that this sentence is very popular.
After reading the couplet written by Tang Bohu, the magistrate of the county was a little dissatisfied. After the master explained, he was very happy. He not only presented the promised silver, but also invited Tang Bohu to work at his house.
However, after Tang Bohu saw that such a person could still be the county magistrate again, he was discouraged by the officialdom and even more disheartened. He politely declined the county magistrate and went back.
Test Storm Insulation Officialdom
Tang Bohu's couplet was respected by everyone in later generations as "the famous pair of eternal ones". He himself didn't know at the time, but he just walked on the road with the exchanged 10 taels of silver and lamented his life.
Tang Bohu was famous since childhood. At that time, he also went to be an official in his studies.
He met Zhu Zhishan, one of the "Four Talents in Wuzhong" at the age of 12. At the age of 14, he met another talented man, Wen Zhengming.
Wen Zhengming's father Wen Lin served in the court, and he also appreciated Tang Bohu very much. Under the influence of his friends, Tang Bohu also studied hard to prepare for the exam.
Although he is smart and insightful, his articles are full of flowers, his calligraphy and painting are also well-known, but he is not particular about details. In addition, his father died early, so he became a little unruly without anyone to control him.
27 years old, when Tang Bohu was taking the examination for the subject registration (only to take the imperial examination after the subject registration), he actually made an appointment with another friend, Zhang Ling, to drink and visit prostitutes outside.
The censor Fang Zhi, who is in charge of the subject, hates this behavior very much, so Tang Bohu was deposed in that subject examination, and he was stunned.
Fortunately, the Suzhou prefect at that time cherished talents, and Tang Bohu had a good reputation. Wenlin and other famous scholars in Suzhou pleaded for him, so Fang Zhicai reluctantly agreed to let Tang Bohu pass the "supplementary" to participate in the provincial examination.
After Tong Sheng became a scholar in the ancient scientific examination, there were three barriers, namely the provincial examination, the imperial examination and the palace examination. The provincial examination is the talent selection examination held by various provinces.
After passing the provincial examination, the scholar became a juren and was qualified to be an official, so he was so excited after "Fan Jin passed the imperial examination".
The first place in the provincial examination is called "Xieyuan".
Tang Bohu did not disappoint everyone in the provincial examination, and he got back from "Jie Yuan" after taking the exam.
Everyone praised this newly released "Zheyuan Gong", but his friend Wen Zhengming poured a basin of cold water on him.
Although Wen Zhengming's father Wen Lin admired Tang Bohu very much and spoke for him, Wen Lin also knew that Tang Bohu was a bit frivolous, so Wen Zhengming specifically warned him when Tang Bohu was proud: Don't be too high-profile.
This is a friend's heartfelt words, but Tang Bohu not only did not appreciate it, but also wrote a reply letter to Wen Zhengming, threatening to sever relations with Wen Zhengming.
If Tang Bohu listened to Wen Zhengming's advice at that time and was more low-key when he went to Beijing to take the exam, maybe there would be no disaster that would happen later. In the second year of Jie Yuan's examination, Tang Bohu and a friend named Xu Jing took a boat to Beijing to take the exam.
After the two arrived in the capital, they made friends through literature. Tang Bohu's article was beautiful, so they were immediately sought after by everyone when they arrived in the capital. They were busy making friends and apprenticeships in the capital every day. After passing the three exams in
, Tang Bohu and Xu Jing were on high school.
But because of their high-profile activities in Beijing, rumors immediately spread after high school that Xu Jing bribed the examiner and that the two got the test questions before the exam.
The imperial examination is a national event. If such rumors spread, the court will need to investigate thoroughly.
Jinyiwei checked for a long time and found out that after Xu Jing entered Beijing, he had met the examiner Cheng Minzheng and gave gifts. Tang Bohu also used money to buy articles about Cheng Minzheng, saying that he wanted to give his teacher Liang Chu.
(Note: During the imperial examination, the people who passed the examination respected the chief examiners of the provincial examination and the imperial examination as the seat teacher)
Although the Jinyiwei did not find evidence that the two of them bought and sold test questions to the examiners, they were also dismissed from their fame and fortune because of their contact with Cheng Minzheng and sent them to the county government to act as minor officials.
According to normal development, after the two people passed the exam, they were the most unsatisfied and started as the county magistrate. At this time, when they became a minor official, they not only had no hope of promotion, but also had the stigma of "fraud".
Xu Jing was out of ill since then, and Tang Bohu couldn't bear the position of a minor official because he couldn't bear to take over his official position, but returned to his own home to live in vain.
Because of this incident, Tang Bohu and his wife turned against each other and became decadent after they divorced their wife. Later, they built the "Taohua Temple" to sell books and paintings, and indulge in drinking.
did not act as an official in the Beijing examination, but instead made Tang Bohu lose his fate in the officialdom from then on.
Liuru lay Buddhist
Tang Bohu was only 30 years old when he was frustrated in the officialdom. Later, he divorced his wife. Even the open-minded person could not stand such a blow, so after returning to Suzhou, he traveled around to try to relieve his difficulties.
Results After two years of traveling, Tang Bohu fell seriously ill and happened to be ill. His younger brother split up with him again. The life he could live was a bit difficult.
In addition to being called "Four Talents of Wuzhong" with Wen Zhengming, Zhu Zhishan and Xu Zhenqing because of his outstanding literary talent, Tang Bohu was also called "Four Talents of Ming Dynasty" with Wen Zhengming, Shen Zhou and Qiu Ying because of his paintings.
In addition to painting, Tang Bohu's calligraphy is also outstanding, so when he was struggling, he relied on selling books and paintings to exchange for money.
But at that time, his calligraphy and painting were not yet popular, and the money he earned was limited. In addition, he had a "money-burning" hobby like drinking, so his life naturally did not get better.
His "Taohua Temple" is located in a remote place. The original owner has been abandoned for a long time, so the price is naturally very low, but even at such a price, he can't get it for the time being.
Finally, he gritted his teeth and used his collection of books as collateral to get the land deed of the house. Later, it took several years to pay off the debt.
Tang Bohu is a bit unruly and after experiencing so many things, he becomes even more wanton, so he can take on the matter of writing couplets to the toilet of the county tyrant, which is "destroying the reputation of a literati".
After suffering, Tang Bohu also saw Wen Zhengming’s advice to him back then, which was really a good word, so he took the initiative to write a letter to Wen Zhengming, and the two reconciled as before.
30 years old, because of his wits, he refused the position of minor official assigned to him by the court. Tang Bohu, who was in his 40s, agreed to the recruitment of Ningwang Zhu Chenhao and went to Ningwang Mansion to become a minor official.
At this time, Zhu Chenhao had already shown signs of rebellion. Not long after Tang Bohu went to Ning Wang's Mansion, he discovered Ning Wang's intention.
Although he could not become an official, he was unwilling to become a "traitor". In order to escape from the Ning Palace, he pretended to be crazy and took off his clothes and made a tantrum, which made Ning King let him go.
After that, King Ning rebelled and soon Wang Yangming was destroyed. Tang Bohu also acted crazy and escaped a murder because of this time.
Affected by this, Tang Bohu no longer thought about officialdom anymore. He continued to write poetry and painting until he died at the age of 54, leaving a rich mark for the literary and painting world.
Tang Bohu called himself "Liu Ru Lady". Based on this name, later generations gave him six "Madam Ru" and later legends made him fictionalize many luxurious stories.
However, Tang Bohu in history has always been very poor in his later life, and even reached the point where he needed help from friends. He was not as wealthy as the film and television dramas performed.
The Tang Bohu who wrote couplets to the toilet of the county tycoon for 10 taels of silver was the real Tang Bohu.
"Six Ru" has another explanation, which is the "six metaphors" of dreams, illusions, bubbles, shadows, dews, and electricity. Buddhism uses these to describe the impermanence of the world.
This state of mind is more in line with Tang Bohu's life experience.
His two sentences, "Others laugh at me for being too crazy, I laugh at me for not seeing through it." They seem to be open-minded, but in fact they are discouraged after experiencing vicissitudes.
Conclusion:
The ancients said, "Born in distress, die in happiness." Many people who left their reputation in history are relatively unlucky in life.
Perhaps only a difficult life can stimulate a person's enthusiasm for creation and make people have the desire to talk.
If Tang Bohu had a successful career in his life, he might not have time to study calligraphy and painting. Perhaps he would only be an ordinary Ming official.
And Xu Jing, who was cancelled from fame with him, died of depression and premature death, but he had a descendant who traveled all over the country and wrote the famous book "The Travels of Xu Xiake" in Chinese geography.
This is also a gratifying thing for Xu Jing.
