Author: Lan Xin (psychological counselor)
Children sitting in the same classroom studying are doing the same thing. is that so? In fact, from a psychological perspective, these children have different experiences. They have different learning methods, which affect their absorption, understanding and memory of knowledge.
Each child has different personalities, temperaments and hobbies, and their learning and input methods of external information are naturally different.
Some children are eloquent and can almost repeat the words of the teacher; some children have strong hands-on ability and especially like science classes, but they can't do it when writing words; some children like to study independently, and get angry when they disturb their classmates; some children are completely unaffected, and even prefer group learning methods...
Generally speaking, children's learning methods can be divided into visual, auditory and tactile , and some children have several characteristics. Every parent needs to understand the characteristics of children, provide family-based guidance based on their characteristics, help them obtain methods that are more suitable for them, and enable balanced development of their abilities.
Visual child with eyes faster than mouth
Xiaowu is a "quiet" child. The teacher in the kindergarten senior class said that he is the "observer" of this world.
When the teacher was giving a lecture, Xiao Wu's eyes always followed the teacher. Every time the teacher looked at him, he could see his response. When he is free to move, Xiao Wu likes to play puzzles. He can find clues from some subtle points, and his speed is much faster than his companions. The teacher uses flash cards to teach children to recognize words, and Xiao Wu always learns very quickly. Because I recognize words a lot, Xiao Wu likes to read books and reads very quickly.
However, Xiao Wu also has his own difficulties, such as English classes are boring for him. The English teacher’s teaching style is very lively. He does not teach writing, and it mainly focuses on listening and speaking. Xiao Wu cannot listen to it, cannot remember the sentences the teacher said, and does not want to speak.
From the perspective of learning methods, Xiao Wu is a visual type. He has good reading and observation skills and can also have a good control over charts, drawings and other things. However, because of excessive reliance on visual input, his auditory comprehension ability is relatively poor, which causes difficulties in learning language. For this type of child, he should give full play to his strengths in learning and use methods suitable for his children to convey knowledge.
Because of the strong visual entry ability, children's learning process requires the assistance of visual images. Parents should not be afraid of trouble and waste time, because this is the way their children like the most. For them, only by turning everything into visual things can we deepen our understanding and memory.
For example, for foreign language words that cannot be remembered, Xiaowu's mother can find some real objects to assist in memory. She can draw apples while repeat the pronunciation of "apple" to her children, or make cards to convert the sound into visual images, so that the children can learn as they see.
Because children are very sensitive to visual information, it is very important to mark the key points when learning. Moreover, prepares more highlighters for children with different colors of , such as marking the most important thing with green, marking the second most important thing with orange, circle the wrong questions with red, etc. They will really like this at a glance.
Of course, because of being insensitive to language, Xiao Wu often forgets some verbal prompts, requirements, etc. We need to let Xiaowu record these in his own way, and he can prepare a notepad for his child to record at any time. Even children who can’t write before school age can remember some content through graffiti.
Audible child with unclear ears and eyes
In contrast to Xiaowu, Xiaocong is a particularly "noisy" child. Wherever there is excitement, he will follow the sound as soon as possible; when he took him on a trip, he actually learned local dialects and spoke like a decent one.
Family all think Xiaocong is very smart, but for some reason, Xiaocong was left behind by other children after only two months in the first grade. When the teacher taught him to write, he couldn't keep up, and he had many dictations. Foreign language classes are even more fatal. Xiaocong often messes up the spelling of a few simple words and gets the wrong choice every time. These difficulties seemed to be one bug after another, stumbling on Xiaocong and making him feel a headache for his study.
What is the reason for a smart child but cannot keep up with the study? Because Xiaocong is an auditory learner, his auditory channels are open and he is used to gaining knowledge through other people's language, and recognition of words and spelling words are his weaknesses. We need to find some unique ways to improve his abilities.
For auditory children, reading is a weakness. their eyes are slow to enter Chinese characters, which makes it difficult to understand the general idea of the text and makes children feel afraid of it. After class, you can help your children by reading together with your parents and children, and adults and children can read an article together.
Adults should try their best to take care of their children's speed and make an agreement with their children: "Let's read together first. When you feel that you can read, pat my legs, I will stop and you continue reading." Use this method to let the children choose the "prepared" opportunity to relax.
During the reading process, if the child encounters a word he doesn’t recognize and get stuck, adults should immediately follow it if they need to do so for too long. In addition, you can also use recording to help children "enter information" through multiple sensory channels.
For example, parents read the text aloud and record it, and then let the child watch the text while listening to the recording. In this way, when children read text, they feel like there is a "claw" helping, and they will not panic. Besides, the method of formula is also very good. For some words that are not easy to distinguish, you can compile them into jingles or rhythmic sentences, so that children can read them repeatedly, and it is easy to remember.
In short, for this type of "smart ears and unclear eyes", in order to better cooperate with the eyes and ears, we must enhance the tacit understanding through multi-sensory input. At the same time, we must also pay attention to step by step to reduce the psychological pressure on children in order to truly help them.
Tactile child who takes care of everything
Ka is a little girl who likes to exercise and is very energetic. Because of this, she often feels restricted.
When she was in class, she found it difficult to listen with peace of mind and always had to fiddle with something in her hands. Moreover, Coco is an "impatient". She started doing it halfway through the teacher's words, but because of missing the content, she often does not complete it.
Although impulsive, Cocoa also has a very cute side. She likes to integrate herself into the activities. The physical education teacher taught new movements, and Coco will definitely be the first to raise his hand to demonstrate. For her, all activities that require muscle participation - doing experiments, participating in demonstrations, disassembling and assembling objects, manipulating equipment, etc. are endless fun. These contents are what she particularly wants to learn.
Unfortunately, the teacher’s teaching method is mainly about speaking and writing, and Coco rarely has the opportunity to do it, which makes her learning effect not very good, and her enthusiasm and self-confidence have also decreased.
is obvious. Coco is a tactile child. Only by turning knowledge into practical content can the child’s learning ability be restored. This is a difficult problem for many parents, but if you are careful, you can also find a suitable method.
For energetic children, playing is very important, so it is best to use play as a medium to integrate learning. For example, when learning math graphics, you can ask your child to cut the pictures with your own hands. Once the child has the opportunity to practice, he can "carve" these contents in his mind. If children do not understand the "edge" of objects, we will take them to touch something with boundaries to let children understand the concepts and then learn to solve problems.
Tactile children are difficult to calm down and read. In order to help them improve their visual learning ability, they can use imagination to recall the articles they have just read in their minds and turn them into "live" like playing a movie, so that children can have a deeper understanding of what they have read.
In addition, tactile children need more space to learn. they need to have some exclusive fields, where they can write and draw at will, and express what they think is interesting. Children have strong ability to act, allowing them to write a list of what they want to do, and every time they complete, they can bring them a sense of accomplishment.
Of course, if possible, more "teaching aids" can be provided for children's learning, such as using beans to teach children arithmetic and using sand to let children practice writing. These special and interesting methods are very consistent with the children's learning characteristics, allowing children to enrich their skills in the process of learning, thereby achieving the best learning results.
Many learning problems are caused by using the wrong method and not finding the strategy. If parents know their children's potential, they can help them find a learning path that suits them.
This article is excerpted from the magazine "Marriage and Family"
Original title: "Don't study well? That may be because I haven't found a learning method suitable for my children"
