Sea Cucumber
Yes, this creature is the famous "sea Cucumber" .
The internal organs are important organs, and damage to the internal organs of most organs will endanger life. The sea cucumber has lost its internal organs, can it still survive?
The magical escape technique of sea cucumber - dirty removal phenomenon
When encountering natural enemies attack, sea cucumber has a unique escape technique. That is to quickly spray the internal organs out of the anus. At this time, the natural enemy was attracted by the internal organs, and they won a short chance of escape for the sea cucumber, and escaped with the powerful recoil force of the discharge.
If it were other creatures, they would die soon without internal organs, but sea cucumbers were not ordinary creatures. They were a creature with super regeneration ability , and could repair damaged body parts and organs by themselves.
About 50 days later, a new pair of internal organs grew again. When sea cucumber viscera becomes lesions or damage, it will also excrete old internal organs, grow new internal organs, and recover itself.
It is precisely because of this magical escape technique that sea cucumbers survived 3.6 billion years in the ocean world where the strong prey on the weak.
How strong is the regeneration ability of sea cucumber? Re-growing internal organs can only be regarded as an appetizer.
Some sea cucumbers are cut into two pieces and put back into the sea. After 3 to 8 months, each piece will grow into a complete sea cucumber again. This is the ceiling of sea cucumber regeneration ability, the superpower that humans dream of.
Other animals are hibernating, why do sea cucumbers summer hibernating ?
Animals we are familiar with will turn on hibernation mode because of the cold winter and lack of food, such as frogs, snakes, etc.
However, sea cucumbers have to turn on summer sleep mode in summer. The growth temperature of sea cucumbers is generally 3℃~20℃. The autolysis of is likely to occur above 20℃, so sea cucumbers should turn on summer sleep mode.
Summer sleep mode: Sea cucumbers will be transferred to the dark places of the deep sea reefs, hidden at the bottom of the stone, facing down, and do not eat or move. The whole body shrinks and hardens, like a stone, and no animals will eat it. Sea cucumbers sleep in summer and only wake up after autumn when the water temperature drops below 20℃. Another interesting phenomenon of sea cucumbers - autolysis phenomenon
There is an autolytic enzyme in the body wall of sea cucumbers, which is equivalent to the "corpse-transformed water" in Jin Yong novels. When stimulated by external factors, the enzymatic action of autolysin in sea cucumbers will cause sea cucumber to autolysis and turn into a pool of colloids.
The following situations are prone to autolysis, so you should pay attention when raising or enjoying sea cucumbers.
1 and leave the seawater for 6-7 hours, it is easy to self-soluble . Therefore, fresh sea cucumbers in need to be processed in time to make it into semi-dried sea cucumbers .
2 and cause skin ulceration and self-soluble after infection with viruses or bacteria. Therefore, farming requires good water quality.
3 and are easily self-soluble in after temperatures exceeding 20℃. Therefore, fresh sea cucumbers in cannot be salvaged on the shore for a long time, and the cooking time cannot be done for too long.
4 and are contaminated with oil and are easily self-soluble. Therefore, when soaking sea cucumbers in , it is required that the use of oil-dip containers are prohibited.
sea cucumbers have the status of the world as the first among sea eight treasures . What exactly do you rely on to take the top spot?
Sea cucumbers have extremely high nutritional and medicinal value, and are rich in amino acids , vitamins, essential fatty acids, and constant and trace elements needed by the human body. They are a food with high protein, low fat, and low cholesterol . has a taste of q, smooth and smooth , and is a rare nourishing ingredient suitable for both men, women, young and old.
Sea cucumber has a high protein content, up to more than 60%. protein 70% of the protein is collagen , which has the effect of promoting somatic cell regeneration and body repair after injury, and also helps to improve human immunity and eliminate fatigue.
But with this, sea cucumber can only squeeze into the ranks of the Eight Treasures of the Eight Treasures of the Eight Treasures of the Eight Treasures of the Eight Treasures of the Eight Treasures of the Eight Treasures, you have to be a little treasure at the bottom of the box.
Sea cucumber polysaccharide, sea cucumber saponin, and sea cucumber polypeptide are the three treasures of sea cucumber.
1. Sea Cucumber Polysaccharide
Sea Cucumber Polysaccharide is an important component of the body wall of sea cucumber. Its content can account for up to 31% of the total organic matter of dry sea cucumber, and is an important indicator to measure the nutritional value of sea cucumber.
Modern pharmacological activity studies show that sea cucumber polysaccharide has anti-tumor, immune regulation, anti-coagulation , lowering blood lipids, anti-thrombosis, lowering blood viscosity , and other functions, and has obvious effects on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as cerebral thrombosis, myocardial infarction recovery period, and ischemic heart disease.
study shows that sea cucumber polysaccharides SC-FCS and SC-FUC have good activities in against lung cancer, pancreatic cancer , breast cancer, gastric cancer , kidney cancer , cervical adenocarcinoma, liver cancer, colon adenocarcinoma , etc.
2. Sea cucumber saponin
Sea cucumber saponin is a type of triterpene saponin unique to sea cucumber. It is the main product of sea cucumber 8 secondary metabolic and is also the chemical basis for its defense.
Modern pharmacological activity studies have shown that sea cucumber saponin has a variety of biological activities such as to improve immunity, antitumor, antifungal, analgesic and antispasmodic .
study shows that sea cucumber saponin can inhibit tumor growth by reducing tumor cell adhesion ability.
3. Sea cucumber polypeptide
Sea cucumber polypeptide is one of the rich active ingredients in sea cucumber. Research has found that it has antioxidant, lowering blood pressure, inhibiting inflammation, promoting wound healing, and anti-tumor functions.
sea cucumbers are so valuable. I heard that many dried sea cucumbers can be fake. How should we choose?
Ordinary consumption to buy dried sea cucumbers mainly judge the quality of the sensory quality. The following table is the national dry sea cucumber grade specification sensory grading standards.
GB/T 34747-2017 Dried sea cucumber grade specifications
Note: Several sea cucumbers have uneven color and other odors such as formaldehyde smell, etc. The water after rehydration and swelling is not colorless, clear and transparent, please refuse to buy.
Of course, you cannot grasp the quality of sea cucumbers based on their appearance alone, and you need to further look at the physical and chemical indicators.
GB/T 34747-2017 Dried sea cucumber grade specifications
Protein is the substance with the highest content in dried sea cucumbers. The higher the protein content, the higher the grade.
Moisture content directly affects the storage period of sea cucumbers, so the moisture content is required to be ≤15%. But the lower the better. Too low moisture content will affect the rehydration and edible taste of sea cucumbers.
Salt is an important basis for identifying whether dried sea cucumbers are adulterated. During the process of sea-related work, some businesses will increase the weight of sea cucumber by adding salt in order to achieve the goal of making huge profits.
water-soluble total sugar is also an important basis for identifying whether dry sea cucumbers are adulterated. The sugars that the sea cucumber itself are distributed in the muscle tissues in the sea cucumber, and the loss rate is very low. However, most of the added sugars during the sea-related process are water-soluble sugars, which are very soluble in water loss during the re-watering and soaking of dry sea cucumbers. Therefore, the sugar content in the aqueous solution after dry sea cucumber rehydration can verify whether the sea cucumber is mixed with sugar.
Dry weight rate after rehydration refers to the percentage of the mass of dry matter dry matter obtained after rehydration of dry sea cucumbers. Therefore, the higher the dry weight rate after rehydration, the less exogenous additives and the better the quality of sea cucumber.
Sand content refers to the amount of sand in the body of sea cucumber and the lime matter in the mouth. Because sea cucumbers feed on seaweed and sea mud, it is normal for a small amount of sand and gravel in the sea cucumber.
Therefore, the common method of falsehood is to increase moisture, salt, sugar, and sand to increase the weight of sea cucumbers and deceive consumers.
Note: waist ginseng, South American ginseng without sea cucumber saponin ingredient [1], the medicinal value is greatly reduced. The method of sea cucumber is not complicated
The following are several home-cooked methods of sea cucumber. Be careful not to cook too long to prevent autosolization.
1, roasted sea cucumber
2, cold sea cucumber
3, sea cucumber soup
4, sauce sea cucumber
5, sea cucumber porridge
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References:
[1] Wang Jingyuan, Wang Lianzhu, Guo Yingying, Wen Yixiao. Comparative analysis of nutritional quality of imitation thorns participating in imported sea cucumbers [J]. Food and Fermentation Industry, 2019, 45(16): 250-254.
