needless to say, does "maximum" have anything to do with natural scientists? Of course there is. Because natural scientists also live in life and often have to communicate with each other. But what we are going to discuss here is whether "maximum" has anything to do with the research of by natural scientists ? I think there are, too. Let’s look at this problem from three scientists who have won the Nobel Prize :
1, Yukawa Hideki has a stronger sympathy for the “Fish Joy” of Zhuangzi 4
The famous Japanese physicist Hideki Yukawa (1907-1981), is the discoverer of the elementary particle " meson " and won the 1949 Nobel Prize in Physics . He was particularly interested in Zhuangzi. In the debate between Zhuangzi and Huizi on "Jieyu Joy", Zhuangzi said that he felt the joy of the fish, while Huizi refuted him: "You are not a fish, how do you know the joy of the fish?" Yukawa Hideki said seriously that he tended to agree with Zhuangzi's opinion, believing that Zhuangzi could know the feeling of the fish. He said: "Although I am a scientist, I have a stronger empathy for what Zhuangzi wants to say."
Yukawa Hideki's view is meaningful, and he reveals some important psychological states of scientists in scientific research. His statement just supports my theory of "maximum".
My theory of maximization believes that the concepts of "communication" and "maximization" can all be deduced from the narrow sense to the broad sense (see my article for details: "The Precision and Extension of the Concept of Maximization"). In this article, I extended the concepts of "communication" and "maintenance" to all aspects of human activities. When a person lives, he means living in relationships and interactions with everything. "Communication" and "maintenance" can not only be used to explain the relationship between people, but also to humans and other organisms, and even to non-organisms. When maximise refers to interactions between people, the "maximum" here can be called "maximum in a narrow sense". All "maximum" except for the narrow sense of maximum is "maximum in a broad sense". That is, the "maintenance" between humans and other living things, and even non-living things. Zhuangzi said that he knew the happiness of fish, which is also a broad sense of maturity. So, in the broad sense of Tongxin, are the three golden requirements of Tongxin applicable? In what sense does it apply? To what extent does it apply? This will be discussed in detail below.
(Hideki Yukawa and Einstein )
(Hideki Yukawa)
2. Mono's "subjective simulation" reveals the mystery of scientists' maturity
The so-called golden three elements of maturity refer to:
1. Clear yourself. That is, to be clear about your position and state.
2. Transfiguration experience. That is, stand on the other person's standpoint and experience the other person's emotions and state.
3. Effective impact. That is, influence the other party through an attitude and method that the other party can accept or even accept.
For natural scientists to conduct research, the first requirement for these three requirements is "clear yourself", which is no different from maxim in a narrow sense. So what about the second requirement "transfer experience"?
Yukawa Hideki's above view was not his own sudden idea and was isolated and helpless. Jacques Mono (1910-1976) French biochemist, won the Nobel Prize in Physiology Medicine with Kowlov in 1965. In his article "The Development of Science", he wrote: "Or perhaps the most important of the elements of scientific development is what I call subjective simulation of . By relying on this process, we subjectively imitate what is around us. Basically, this is an expected attitude (when we want to take a vacation, we actually imagine the pleasure we might get from this holiday).When a scientist is interested in a specific phenomenon, all he does is to try to subjectively imitate the situation of the phenomenon in order to achieve the external form of inner expression. First of all, he may not realize the phenomenon itself and the inner expression of the roots. I have discussed this with physicists including the highly abstract theoretical physicists . They told me that when thinking about the phenomenon of interest, they more or less compared themselves to electrons or particles, and asked, if I were electrons or particles, what would I do. ” (Editor in Song Jianlin, "The Light of Wisdom - The Premium of World Scientists' History of the World", page 181, Reform Press, August 1999)
Mono's "subjective simulation" process of scientists during research is equivalent to the "transfiguration experience" one of the three golden elements of "maintenance". Physicists "when thinking about the phenomenon of interest, they more or less compare themselves to electrons or particles, and ask, if I were electrons or particles, what would I do. "
Mono regards "subjective simulation" or "transfer experience" as perhaps the most important element of scientific development. This view is extremely important and points out the secret of broad sense of maturity!
The most simple way is, just two words "maturity", how profoundly reveals the mystery of human behavior! It is hard to say whether Yukawa Hideki once became "super" at least to a certain extent when he discovered the elementary particle "meson". What about "Zi"? The "subjective simulation" here in
, in Zhuangzi's words, is "materialization".
Whether it is "subjective simulation" or "materialization", it is equivalent to the "transposition experience" one of the three golden elements of "maintainment". Physicists "when thinking about the phenomenon of interest, they more or less compare themselves to electrons or particles, and ask, if I were electrons or particles, what would I do. "This is materialization, that is maturity.
You may think, will other scientists agree with Mono's view? This question needs further investigation. I guess that although they do not use the word "subjective simulation", and of course they do not know the theory of "maximum" I proposed, they should have a similar process. Some of their statements are also worthy of further attention. For example, although Einstein did not use the concept of "subjective simulation", he emphasized "intuitive insight".
(Jacques Mono)
3. Professor Zhu Diwen's light of inspiration
Zhu Diwen is a world famous Chinese physicist . Born on February 28, 1948 in St. Louis, Missouri, USA. He served as Secretary of the U.S. Department of Energy and won the Nobel Prize in Physics . In 1970, he graduated from University of Rochester, with a bachelor's degree in mathematics and a bachelor's degree in physics. In 1978, he served as a director of American Physical Society. In 1993, he was awarded the King Fessel International Science Award. In 1994, he won the Arthur Xiaoluo Prize and William Meggs Prize. In 1997, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics . On June 5, 1998, he was elected as 1 Chinese Academy of Sciences Foreign Academician.
Zhu Diwen's most famous study was that invented the "method of cooling and capturing atoms in Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory in 1997. It was this research that won him the Nobel Prize in Physics. Regarding his invention of this method, there is the following story:
html in the early 180s, he worked as a postdoctoral fellow for several years. Zhu Diwen envisions irradiating atoms with laser beam in six directions to achieve the purpose of cooling atoms and slowing down the movement speed of . Because the laser beam is composed of a large number of photons , when the atom is irradiated by the laser beam, the atoms will absorb photons. Every time it absorbs a photon, it will not only absorb its energy, but also absorb the momentum of the photon, thereby reducing the temperature of the atom and slowing down the movement speed. But this process is extremely short, only 30 nanoseconds (1 nanosecond is equal to 10-9 seconds).When atoms are exposed to a laser beam, atoms can absorb a huge number of photons within one second. In this way, in the direction of light propagation, the light pressure exerted by the atom is 10 times greater than the gravity. Such a large light pressure will force the atom to slow down the speed of a small insect when it is squirming, and the atomic temperature will cool down at this time, so people will have enough time to observe and study the state of the atom. "
" In 1985, Zhu Diwen and his colleagues working in at Bell Laboratory designed several different experiments, but they still couldn't break through the problem of "How to use lasers to cool down atoms?" One day, Zhu Diwen suddenly thought that when he was studying at the University of Rochester in the north of New York, it was very cold and people would drink to keep warm when the weather was cold. Therefore, there were many people drinking in college, and drunk people often saw drunk people staggering on the streets. These drunk people walk left and right, often walking lower and lower, and it is impossible to jump on the roof of the car. This is caused by inertia. At that time, he had a flash of inspiration and thought that atoms under the action of different laser beams should also go to a lower energy level according to inertia. Therefore, the key to the problem is how to use the function of the laser beam to design a trap close to absolute zero. to reduce the energy order of atoms passing through this trap, and thus achieve the purpose of capturing atoms. Afterwards, Zhu Diwen and his colleagues finally successfully achieved their ideal experimental state after many experiments. In the special report, Professor Zhu vividly and truly calls the medium formed by laser beams the "optical viscose". He also introduced: "Atoms at this time seem to have fallen into a sea of photons. No matter which direction it moves, it will be subject to huge resistance." (The above story is quoted from "Strange Thinking" edited by Tao Bohua and others, page 4, Heilongjiang People's Publishing House , 2000)
A key to Zhu Diwen's invention is that he was inspired by the "drunk person walking left and right". This allows him to further involuntarily "subjective simulation" of the behavior of atoms! ——In other words, he imagined the atom as the "drunk man walking left and right". When he made this imagination, he performed a "subjective simulation" of the atoms, that is, he performed a "transfiguration experience".
I dare not expect that theories, methods and technologies can directly have the significance and effect of natural scientists' research. A person who can become a scientist should have abilities such as "subjective simulation" and "intuitive insight". But I can't help but imagine: if I could offer a motivated course in a university (including science and engineering majors), even as an elective course, would it be possible to have a long-term impact on some students with scientist qualities?
(Zhu Diwen)
4. Return to the three golden elements of maximization
What is the relationship between the three golden elements of maximization and natural scientists? Let’s make a summary and look at the three golden elements of Tongxin one by one.
First, " is clear about yourself. That is, clear about your position and status." When scientists are preparing to conduct scientific research, do they clarify the significance of their topic? Are you clear about the direction of the breakthrough? Before he engages in scientific research, can he completely eliminate distracting thoughts and devote himself to research? Is he clear about his physical and mental state? Are you clear at what stage to adjust yourself to the best physical and psychological state to make a breakthrough?
Second, "Experience from the other person's position. That is, experience the other person's emotions and state." Not to mention that scientists have other collaborators to be familiar with. He also needs to experience the subjects he is studying and to change his position. If the object he is studying is objects, he needs objects, including atoms, electrons, cells, viruses, planets, etc.
Third, "Effectively. That is, influence the other party through an attitude and method that the other party can accept, or even willingly accept."In many cases, theoretical research in natural science does not need to affect the research object. Understanding the research object is to achieve the goal. During research, not only does it not affect the research object, but also try to avoid interference to it. Since interference is inevitable, try to minimize it. In case of unavoidability, at least this impact can be calculated as accurately as possible. In other words, in theory and stage, natural scientists focus on how to minimize the impact.
(to be modified)
