original Guo Yupei Tangyouyuan 2022-07-04 19:30:15 published in Henan mobile phone reading
"Last night, Zhang Tiantian, the son of Lao Zhang, a patient in bed 39, was also pulled to the hospital by the 120 ambulance. He Why are there so many diabetes at home? Is diabetes contagious? "I just went to work this morning, and I heard patients and their families talking about it.
Who is Lao Zhang?
39 bed patient Lao Zhang: His father was hospitalized many times 20 years ago due to obesity, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, etc. The last time he died due to sudden myocardial infarction and ineffective rescue.
Lao Zhang has been suffering from 2 type diabetes 32 and hypertension for 30 years. He is also accompanied by various complications of diabetes , such as: diabetic retinopathy (naked visual acuity of both eyes is 0.2), diabetic foot (the right foot is hot due to heat Soaking feet caused blisters and infection, which could not be controlled well and led to amputation), coronary heart disease, diabetic nephropathy , etc. He suffered from renal failure 6 months ago and is currently undergoing hemodialysis treatment to maintain his life.
Lao Zhang’s son Zhang Tiantian: 33 years old this year, height: 180cm, weight: 146kg, BMI (weight kg/height m2): 45kg/m2, usually drinks alcohol, likes to smoke, works in an office, and does not like sports. This time because of participating in At a friend's banquet, I drank a lot of alcohol, ate seafood, hot pot, etc. At 01:00 in the morning, my right toe became red, swollen, hot, and painful. The pain was as severe as a knife and was unbearable. My family rushed me to the hospital for treatment. . At that time, the blood sugar was measured at 20.95 mmol/L, blood pressure: 170/130 mmhg, and uric acid 641 μmol/L. He was diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, acute gouty arthritis, hypertension, and high uric acid. Zhang Tiantian's condition stabilized after he was immediately given comprehensive treatments such as lowering blood pressure, lowering blood sugar, lowering lipids, lowering uric acid, and analgesic.
Seeing this, friends may be very nervous: How high is the incidence of diabetes? What's happening with diabetes? Is diabetes contagious? Is there any way to prevent it?
How high is the incidence of diabetes?
The 2015 edition of IDF (International Diabetes Federation) announced: A total of 415 million adults worldwide suffer from diabetes. The number of sick people in China reaches 110 million. The prevalence rate among adults over 18 years old reaches 11.6%, and the proportion of people at risk of prediabetes is as high as 50.1%. What amazing data! Three members of Lao Zhang's family were included.
What is diabetes
Diabetes is a group of chronic, systemic metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia caused by defects in insulin secretion and/or insulin resistance.
Sustained high blood sugar and long-term metabolic disorders can cause damage to tissues and organs throughout the body, causing organ dysfunction and failure. Severe cases can cause acute complications such as water, electrolyte imbalance and acid-base imbalance, including ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar coma .
Chronic hyperglycemia causes long-term damage to many tissues of the human body, especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and cardiovascular systems, leading to functional insufficiency, failure, and even death. Diabetes has become the third cause of death after cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and cancer, and is the third killer that seriously threatens human health.
Is diabetes contagious?
Answer: Diabetes is not contagious!
The causes of diabetes include: genetic factors, environmental factors, etc.
Although diabetes is not contagious, the onset of diabetes tends to occur in families. For example, in the Zhang family, this is because apart from genetic factors, the daily habits and dietary structure of family members are basically the same.
People with a family history of diabetes have a 3-40 times higher incidence rate than those without a family history.When both parents have diabetes, if the child is obese (BMI>28), the chance of the child developing diabetes is 100%, but it is just a matter of time; if one parent has diabetes and the child is obese, the chance of the child developing diabetes is 80% That is: Diabetes is hereditary.
Who is prone to diabetes
People who have any of the following risk factors are prone to diabetes, that is: they are a high-risk group for diabetes
(1) People with a family history of diabetes, especially those whose parents, brothers and sisters have diabetes.
(2) People who already suffer from high blood pressure, dyslipidemia , and cardiovascular diseases
(3) People who are obese, especially those with "big bellies, thin legs, and abdominal obesity ", such as men with a waist circumference of more than 90 cm and women with a waist circumference of more than 90 cm. 85cm, people with BMI (body mass index) ≥ 24kg/㎡
(4) People aged ≥ 40 years old
(5) People who mainly live a sedentary lifestyle, do not like exercise, have poor physical fitness, and feel tired even going upstairs
(6) Women who have had a history of gestational diabetes or macrosomia (birth weight of the child is greater than 4 kg). (7) The only staple food is white rice, white steamed buns, and white bread. They never eat whole grains. People who eat more staple food than vegetables
(8) People suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome
(9) Smoking
(10) Alcoholism, etc.
Diabetic patients and high-risk groups should do the following 3 things in real life
1. Change the diet structure
Dietary treatment should be as individualized as possible to achieve a balanced diet, control total calories, reduce fat intake, and achieve a combination of thickness and meat. Eat a vegetarian diet, eat more vegetables and fruits, choose whole grains, and high-fiber foods. People with high blood pressure should control their salt intake to <6g>
2. Increase exercise to control weight
Losing weight can increase insulin sensitivity and correct metabolic disorders.
Patients should start with light to moderate intensity aerobic exercise, such as cycling, jogging, dancing, swimming, etc., for 30 minutes a day, and maintain an exercise intensity of ≥150 minutes a week, step by step, and gradually increase to 1-2 hours a day. Do not exercise more than 2 days apart.
At the same time, add some exercise into your life, such as walking instead of driving, climbing stairs instead of taking the elevator, etc.
For those who are young, have a short course of disease, and have no complications, they can do resistance exercises (squats, push-ups, lifting dumbbells, etc.) 2-3 times a week according to their personal physical conditions, for about 30 minutes each time. Resistance exercise should be separated by at least 1 day.
Weight loss is the core to alleviate overweight or obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. It is recommended to lose weight ≥10kg (preferably >15kg) or ≥10%. Use of drugs such as blood pressure and lipid-lowering drugs:
(1) Oral drugs: metformin , SGLT-2 inhibitors (such as: empagliflozin , etc.), orlistat , antihypertensive drugs, uric acid lowering drugs Lipid-lowering drugs, etc.:
(2) GLP-1 receptor agonists: Subcutaneous injection of liraglutide (once a day) and dulaglutide (once a week) can effectively reduce the patient's weight.
Zhang Tiantian: Because I have just been diagnosed with diabetes, pancreatic islet function has not yet completely failed. Due to some stress or overeating , hormone disorders and other reasons, transient glucose metabolism disorders and elevated blood sugar will occur. At this time, the pancreatic islet function is in an inactivated or dormant state, and blood sugar should be restored to normal as soon as possible to alleviate the damage of high blood sugar to pancreatic islet B cells .
After being admitted to the hospital, he was immediately treated with NovoRapid insulin for intensive treatment, and drugs with weight control effects: orlistat, metformin, empagliflozin, dulaglutide and other comprehensive treatments.
After being discharged from the hospital, he continued to exercise and control his diet every day. He stopped taking insulin for 1 month (because insulin has adverse reactions of increasing weight), and continued to use orlistat, metformin, empagliflozin, dulaglutide, and antihypertensive drugs. Drugs, lipid-lowering drugs , uric acid-lowering drugs, quit smoking and drinking, and are encouraged to maintain a happy attitude. The current condition is stable.
A healthy lifestyle can be summarized as: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
A regular routine
Live a regular life, do not overwork, combine work and rest, and do not burn the midnight oil.
2. To quit
means not to smoke or drink alcohol.
Three combinations and three balances
Three combinations are coarse and fine grains, meat and vegetarian food, staple and non-staple food, and three balances are acidic and alkaline diet balance, nutritional balance, and heat balance.
The diet should be close to the "four blacks" and far away from the "four whites"
, that is, eat black rice , black beans , black fungus, black sesame seeds, and eat less white sugar, white salt, white fat meat, and white MSG.
"Five major therapies" are combined to carry out
recreational therapy, sports therapy, drug therapy, spiritual therapy and new knowledge therapy.
Preventing the "six evils"
is the point of view of traditional Chinese medicine. Prevent sudden climate changes in life and prevent excessive wind, cold, heat, dampness, dryness and fire from invading the human body and causing damage.
Avoid the "Seven Emotions"
In life, you should try to avoid diseases caused by strong mental stimulation of joy, anger, worry, thought, sadness, fear, and shock.
Eight-point examination
Implement "early prevention, early detection, early treatment" and conduct a comprehensive physical examination every six months to one year, such as: weight, blood pressure, blood lipids , blood sugar, blood uric acid , heart function, liver function, Kidney function, etc.
Although diabetes cannot be cured, it can be controlled. I hope that through the efforts of friends, diabetes can be avoided, alleviated, and treated. I hope that everyone can live a healthy and happy life!
