0 In the July 3 issue of "Warm Heart Daily", we interpreted 9 documents, focusing on: Western diet, low sodium salt , plant-based diet, ketogenic diet, high carbohydrate diet, diet regulation, vegetables, vitamin E, beer
Western-style diet promotes colorectal cancer, new evidence has been added!
Gastroenterology——[33.883]
① More than 130,000 participants in the United States were followed for 30 years, and 1,175 tumors among 3,200 colorectal cancer patients who developed during the follow-up period were tested for pks+E. coli DNA; ② For pks+ large intestine The multivariable adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for tumors with a high Western diet score compared to the lowest tertile was 3.45 (1.53-7.78) for tumors with high levels of E. coli and 1.22 for tumors with low levels of pks+ E. coli (0.57-2.63), pks+ E. coli -negative tumors were 1.10 (0.85-1.42); ③ Therefore, the correlation between Western diet score and colorectal cancer risk is stronger in tumors with higher pks + E. coli content.
[Editor's comment] The
pks gene island is a genomic island encoding non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS), polyketide synthase (PKS) and NRPS/PKS hybrid enzyme. pks+ E. coli can synthesize the genotoxin colibactin and induce cells DNA double-strand breaks and chromosome instability lead to cell senescence or death. Colorectal cancer is a heterogeneous tumor disease that is affected by many factors, including diet, lifestyle and intestinal flora . A recent study published in Gastroenterology found that a Western-style diet is associated with a large amount of pks+ in the large intestine coli have a stronger association with the risk of colorectal cancer. The present findings provide evidence for a Western-style diet characterized by high intakes of red and processed meats, sugar, and refined grains as a risk factor for colorectal cancer, especially subtypes containing high amounts of pks+ E. coli. (@广西 Maternal and Child Health Hospital Nutrition Department Chen Binlin)
[Original information]
Western-style Diet, pks Island-Carrying Escherichia coli, and Colorectal Cancer: Analyses from Two Large Prospective Cohort Studies
2022-06-24, doi: 10.1053/j.gastro .2022.06.054
Nature Reviews: Are high-potassium and low-sodium salts a good choice for patients with kidney disease? (View)
Nature Reviews Nephrology - [42.439]
① The intake of sodium salt and potassium salt is closely related to hypertension related diseases, especially chronic kidney disease , but whether salt replacement is beneficial to CKD is still controversial ; ② First of all, some studies have shown that reducing sodium intake and increasing potassium intake can lower blood pressure, protect the heart, and protect the kidneys, but more clinical evidence is still needed; ③ Secondly, the bioavailability of potassium salts in the body The assimilation of insulin levels can affect plasma potassium content; ④ Finally, rational design of the ratio of sodium salt and potassium salt can maximize its effect on blood pressure and kidney disease, but it is necessary to pay attention to the dose effect and food component interactions behind it. function, specific groups of people, etc.
[Editor's comment]
High sodium and low potassium salt intake is an important culprit of hypertension and related diseases. At present, relevant research has found that using alternative salt can not only lower blood pressure, but also reduce the risk of stroke and mortality in patients with hypertension. Therefore, the concept of alternative salt was promoted. Regarding this, the article raises and discusses three important questions: 1. Is there sufficient evidence for the effect of salt replacement on chronic kidney disease? 2. To what extent is potassium salt intake related to potassium concentration in the body? 3. How to implement salt replacement measures? It provides an important reference for related research.(@Bingbing)
【Original information】
Salt substitution: opportunities and challenges for nephrology
2022-06-24, doi: 10.1038/s41581-022-00599-4
A healthy plant-based diet may reduce cardiometabolic risk factors
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ——[8.472]
① 735 participants with Southeast Asian ancestry were included to evaluate the total plant-based diet index (PDI), healthy PDI (hPDI) and unhealthy PDI (uPDI); ② PDI was negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose , PDI And hPDI is negatively correlated with insulin resistance , LDL cholesterol, body weight and BMI; ③ Higher hPDI (not PDI) is associated with lower glycosylated hemoglobin , higher adiponectin , lower Visceral fat area is related to pericardial fat volume, and uPDI is not related to cardiometabolic risk; ④ Every 5 unit increase in hPDI is associated with a 24% lower risk of fatty liver , a 12% lower risk of obesity, and a 2 type diabetes associated with an 18% risk reduction.
[Editor’s comment]
A recent study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that among participants of Southeast Asian descent, a healthy plant-based diet (whole grains, fruits, vegetables, spices, nuts, beans, tea , coffee) were associated with reduced cardiometabolic risk, whereas an unhealthy plant-based diet (refined grains, fried snacks, pickles, potatoes, coconuts, sugary drinks, desserts) was not significantly associated with cardiometabolic risk. (@aluba)
[Original information]
A healthy plant-based diet is favorably associated with cardiometabolic risk factors among participants of South Asian ancestry
2022-06-22, doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac174
domestic team: every other day ketogenic diet protection Heart function
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity——[7.31]
① 8 weeks of continuous ketogenic diet did not alleviate heart failure in overpressure-induced aortic coarctation (TAC) mice, nor did it affect the cardiac systolic function and TAC mice. fibrosis , but aggravates its diastolic function; ② Continuous ketogenic diet induces systemic lipid metabolism disorder and liver dysfunction in TAC mice, reduces ketogenic effect key enzyme HMGCL, and damages liver ketogenic effect; ③ In liver-specific In HMGCL-overexpressing TAC mice, the ketogenic diet protects liver ketogenesis, increases heart function, reduces fibrosis, and resists heart failure; ④ The ketogenic diet on alternate days does not destroy the ketogenic function of the heart, and has cardioprotection and resistance to heart failure. potential.
[Editor's comment]
Research results of the collaborative research of the China-Japan Friendship Hospital Jiangshan, Fourth Military Medical University Tan Yanzhen and Ren Gui's team. Based on a mouse model, the resistance effects of a ketogenic diet for 8 weeks and a ketogenic diet on alternate days on pressure overload-induced heart failure were explored. Research results show that continuous ketogenic fasting cannot protect heart function and resist heart failure, which may be related to the key enzyme of liver ketogenesis, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA hydrolase. However, the alternate-day ketogenic diet has shown the potential to protect heart function and resist heart failure. Therefore, the article believes that an alternate-day ketogenic diet may resist heart failure by protecting liver ketogenesis. (@Bingbing)
[Original information]
Alternate-Day Ketogenic Diet Feeding Protects against Heart Failure through Preservation of Ketogenesis in the Liver
2022-06-06, doi: 10.1155/2022/4253651
High-carbohydrate diet may worsen Clostridium difficile infection
Microbiology spectrum— —[9.043]
① The CDI mouse model is similar to primary CDI in humans, while the vancomycin -induced CDI hamster model exhibits delayed severe symptoms similar to CDI recurrence in humans; ② Compared with the control diet, A high carbohydrate diet can worsen the decrease in fecal flora diversity in CDI hamsters and prolong the imbalance of fecal flora composition caused by antibiotics and CDI; ③ A high carbohydrate diet can prolong the duration of Clostridium difficile carriage in CDI hamsters; ④ High carbohydrate diet increases secondary CDI and mortality in CDI hamsters.
[Editor's comment]
In a mouse model of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), a high-carbohydrate diet has a protective effect on the progression and remission of CDI. A recent study published in Microbiology Spectrum reported different results in the CDI hamster model. A high-carbohydrate diet can prolong intestinal dysbiosis and Clostridium difficile carriage in CDI hamsters, thereby promoting secondary CDI and increasing death. Rate. (@aluba)
[Original information]
A High-Carbohydrate Diet Prolongs Dysbiosis and Clostridioides difficile Carriage and Increases Delayed Mortality in a Hamster Model of Infection
2022-06-16, doi: 10.1128/spectrum.01804-21
When eating high-calorie foods, Do people spontaneously control eating? (Review)
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition——[8.472]
① Reanalysis included 1519 controlled environment diets and repeated based on 32162 free-living diets in NDNS; ② In both study data sets, dietary energy density (ED) ) has a significant "turning point" in its correlation with changes in average concentrated dietary caloric intake; ③ The two-dimensional dietary model using quantity and caloric value as determinants of low- and high-energy-density foods respectively found that concentrated dietary caloric intake did not change over time. As the energy density of the diet increases linearly; ④ Therefore, to a certain extent, people are sensitive to the energy content of the diet and minimize the acute guilt caused by overeating by reducing food portions.
[Editor's comment]
Insensitivity to food energy density may be a driver of obesity, but whether this applies to multiple diets is unclear. Based on two existing data sets, this article conducts a re-analysis to explore the correlation between dietary energy density and concentrated dietary caloric intake. Research results show that people are sensitive to the energy density of their diet and will adjust portion sizes when the energy density is greater, thereby alleviating the guilt caused by excessive energy intake. (@Bingbing)
【Original information】
Time to revisit the passive overconsumption hypothesis? Humans show sensitivity to calories in energy-rich meals
2022-04-30, doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac112
To reduce fatty liver disease, eating vegetables is important
Hepatology International ——[9.029]
① 4170 subjects were included and vegetable intake was assessed through 24-hour dietary review, of which 1436 were diagnosed with hepatic steatosis and 255 were diagnosed with advanced liver fibrosis; ② Intake of starchy vegetables Increased intake of non-starchy vegetables and dark green vegetables is associated with increased risk of hepatic steatosis and advanced liver fibrosis; ④ Increased intake of non-starchy vegetables and dark green vegetables is associated with decreased risk of hepatic steatosis and advanced liver fibrosis; ④ Increase energy intake Replacement of 5% of starchy vegetables or potatoes with dark green vegetables was associated with a reduced risk of hepatic steatosis.
[Editor's comment]
Yang Wanshui's team from Anhui Medical University and Ma Yanan's team from China Medical University published the results of a cross-sectional study in Hepatology International. In more than 4,000 American subjects, it was found that starch Vegetable intake was positively associated with the risk of hepatic steatosis and progressive liver fibrosis, whereas non-starchy vegetable intake was inversely associated with the risk of hepatic steatosis and progressive liver fibrosis.(@aluba)
[Original information]
Associations between intake of starchy and non-starchy vegetables and risk of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis
2022-06-21, doi: 10.1007/s12072-022-10368-x
Academy of Agricultural Sciences: Intake of Chinese residents Sources and regional differences of vitamin E
Frontiers in Nutrition——[6.59]
① Based on the Chinese food composition table and the eating habits of Chinese residents, the impact of different types of food on the human body’s intake of vitamin E is evaluated; ② Vegetable oil is the most important factor in the intake of vitamin E by Chinese residents The main source of vitamin E, accounting for 46.76% of the total intake, followed by cereals, vegetables, meat, aquatic products, eggs, beans, nuts, fruits and dairy products; ③ Among all vegetable oils, rapeseed oil has the highest intake of vitamin E. The highest income contribution, accounting for 10.73% of all foods; ④ Vitamin E intake varies greatly among residents in different regions of China, and has been on an upward trend from 1982 to 2020; ⑤ The article provides scientific basis for reasonable supplementation of vitamin E.
[Editor’s comment]
Research results of the Institute of Oil and Resources, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Wuhan) Li Peiwu and Zhang Liangxiao’s team. Vitamin E is an essential vitamin for human growth and health. This article mainly evaluates the dietary sources of vitamin E intake by Chinese residents and the differences between different regions. Research results show that vegetable oils, including rapeseed oil, are the main source of vitamin E for Chinese residents. Due to dietary habits and regional differences, the vitamin E intake of residents in different regions varies greatly. The results of this study can provide important basis for reasonable supplementation of vitamin E. (@Bingbing)
[Original information]
Contribution of Tocopherols in Commonly Consumed Foods to Estimated Tocopherol Intake in the Chinese Diet
2022-06-08, doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.829091
Moderate drinking of beer can be beneficial to intestinal health, but it has nothing to do with alcohol.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry——[5.895]
① 22 healthy men were randomly divided into two groups, drinking 330ml of non-alcoholic beer or alcoholic beer (5.2% alcohol concentration) every day, and continued the intervention for 4 weeks; ② Drinking no Alcoholic beer or alcoholic beer has no significant effect on body weight, body fat mass, and serum cardiovascular metabolic markers; ③ Both non-alcoholic beer and alcoholic beer can increase the diversity of intestinal flora and are associated with better health outcomes. It can also increase the activity of fecal alkaline phosphatase , which is a marker of intestinal barrier function; ④ The above results show that the regulation of intestinal flora by beer has nothing to do with the alcohol content, and may be mediated by the polyphenols in beer guide.
[Editor's comment]
The results of a randomized double-blind controlled trial published in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry found that daily drinking of non-alcoholic beer or alcoholic beer can improve intestinal flora and intestinal barrier function, and This effect may be mediated by polyphenols in beer.(@aluba)
[Original information]
Impact of Beer and Nonalcoholic Beer Consumption on the Gut Microbiota: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial
2022-06-15, doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00587
Thanks for the creation of this daily newspaper Author: Chen Binlin, Rustypotatis, Bingbing, Miao Zhonghua, orchid, aluba, Adang from the Nutrition Department of Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital
Click to read the daily reports of the past 10 days:
07-01 | In June, the 30 most worth-read intestinal health documents!
06-30 | Nature Today: Break the old perception! Enteroviruses can be transmitted through saliva
06-28 | Today's Cell: Gordon's team uses intestinal bacteria to "dig treasure" from food waste
06- 27 | Yu Jun’s team breaks through again! Targeting fungi that promote colorectal cancer
06-24 | Intestinal and parenteral: 5 high-scoring articles analyzing the intestinal-X axis
06-23 | Today's Nature double issue: Focus Enterobacterial metabolites and the marine microbiome
