is unanswered to call the name, which is a common problem for children with autism and a problem that many parents are troubled.
A complete call response includes that after we call the child’s name, he can react within 2 seconds after hearing his name. If he has language, he can naturally agree. If he does not have language, he will look back at us.
So how can autistic children achieve such a natural response? Today we will explain from three aspects how to help children establish a response to naming.
▶ How to help children establish a name response?
All parents hope to have natural communication and dialogue with their children, and calling names to answer names is the basis of dialogue. Therefore, in children's early intensive intervention courses, teachers often arrange name response training courses earlier to help parents achieve such simple wishes as soon as possible.
So in teaching, how to help children establish a good naming response? In fact, a simple call response also requires multiple basic capabilities and steps to achieve.
01 Motivation to start with the eyes
The first key point in establishing a name response is the child's eyes, because eyes have always been a major point of intervention for children with autism. So what methods can help children have more eye contact with others after being called?
Covering the eyes
The first method is the method we often use in desktop teaching to attract children's eyes, which is called cover-up eyes.
For example, when a child is sitting at a table playing with his favorite carousel, we can sit on the side of the child, form an "L" shape with the child, and then naturally reach out to cover the carousel that the child is playing with. Then, after the child's toy is blocked, he will subconsciously look at us. At this time, we should quickly take away our hands, re-display the carousel to the child, and say to him, "Baby, you have seen me, it's great, please continue playing."
Delay to meet
When the child has made requests spontaneously (the requests spontaneously reach more than a hundred times a day), we can use a method called a delay strategy to wait for the child's eyes.
Because children are used to being satisfied by making requests, when they make requests one time, we should not reply to to him for the time being, and children who make requests but are not satisfied will subconsciously turn their eyes to us. After we get the child's eyes, we will meet the child's requirements and praise the child in time.
For example, the child told us to play with his mobile phone. After saying it a few times, we still didn't give it to him, and then he would look at us naturally. At this time, we handed the mobile phone to the child and gave social reinforcement, "Baby, you have seen me, it's very good. Let's play with your mobile phone."
Establish a matching relationship
In this article, we talked about how to establish a good matching relationship with the child so that the child will be bet on you after hearing your voice. I called autistic children ten times, and once, have you ever thought about the reason?
enhancer attracts eyes
In addition, there is another way to attract children's eyes , which is to directly use reinforcers to attract children's eyes , but this method is refused to be used in many foreign literature , and we rarely use it in actual teaching . Because the first few methods are based on the child's spontaneous behavior, in this method, the child is more passive.
However, for some children with severe autism, this method is relatively more practical. We can directly place the reinforcement that the child likes down the middle of the eyes. While the child looks at the reinforcement, his eyes will also look on our faces. At this time, we should also use language to strengthen the child's behavior , "You have seen your mother, it's great, please eat cookies."
02 How to train the call name response?
It is not enough to see each other's eyes. More parents still hope that after we call our children's names, our children can naturally agree.
The next step is to establish a name response. Every time we call the child’s name, the child can agree or look back at us.In fact, the principle of doing this is very simple. It is to let the child know that after others call him a name, good things will be waiting for him .
Take Qiqi as an example. The complete call response is:
1. We shout Qiqi;
2. After Qiqi hears us call her name, she will look back at us;
3. We will give Qiqi physical reinforcement and social reinforcement in time.
In the name response, Qiqi may be attracted by our voices at the beginning, but she does not necessarily know that we are calling her name, so the name response needs to be established through many exercises.
What is more likely is that Qiqi has no reaction after hearing our voice, so we must establish a motivation in time and use the above-mentioned methods of blocking eyes and attracting children's attention.
In the specific operation process, it also needs to be divided into multiple small steps to implement it.
1. The 50cm name response on the front of the hand: In teaching and training, we can sit face to face with Qiqi 50cm apart. After calling the child, we can use the method of blocking the eyes and attracting her attention, and give social and physical reinforcement in time, such as: "Qiqi, you are so great. You have a look at your mother, let's give you a cookie."
2. The 50cm name response on the side of the hand: When Qiqi can complete the task well in the previous step of training, it can be transformed to sit side to 50cm apart from Qiqi and repeat the above method.
3. The 50cm name response behind the hand: When the phony on the side can be completed well, it needs to be transformed into sitting behind 50cm away from Qiqi. When we call the child's name, he can look back at us more than once before he completes the phony on the name response.
4. After the call name reaction is successful, the generalization link must be considered. We can take our children to different places, find more people, and practice naming responses at different distances.
Different places: At the dining table, in the mall, in the school, and in different places, you can practice generalization of name response. When the child can respond, he must praise him in time and give him a reward.
Different groups: Children need to respond to different people’s names, so they need to generalize characters. You can let your father, grandparents, neighbors, and other children participate. Remember to give corresponding rewards and reinforcements to the child's response after being named.
Different distances: When a child can respond to different people's name in different places, we can try to gradually distance ourselves from the child when calling the name. At first, it was just a few steps, slowly outside the room, and then called it a name in the yard.
5. After a lot of practice and generalization, the child’s name response can successfully establish . In this process, you may need to go back to the previous step and practice again. For example, after a child establishes a positive name, he starts practicing side name calling, but after practicing for a period of time, the child has no response to the name, so he needs to start practicing front name calling again.
03 Have you made these misunderstandings about calling names?
After the child’s name response training was successful for a period of time, many parents reported that “in recent times, I called my child’s name, and he always ignored me. Has the child’s ability deteriorated?” In fact, the reason for this consequence is that is likely to be because the parents are inappropriately named . So what other things to note in daily name calling?
Don’t call your child frequently
Many parents often call their children’s names at home. After they are called, they usually ask their children to do things. The children have ignored them and they still keep going. In the end, the parents’ words have become empty instructions.
There is a good thing after being called
Some conscientious parents will help their children with training at any time at home. When sending any instructions to their children during training, they like to call their children's names. Training is already a stimulus that makes children disgusted, and they have to match these stimulus with names, making it even more impossible for children to get their names.
Don’t call the name
When doing things, what should I do when a child is asked to do tasks? In fact, in the early stage, it is best not to appear together with the names and command tasks that children use together, and you can use nicknames such as babies instead of names. When is
called?
First of all, when there are good things, you can call the child's name. Or, when the child's comprehensive ability has reached a certain level, his naming response has been established well enough to distinguish between names and tasks.
For example, after a child reaches the ability to go to kindergarten, the teacher may give a separate instruction in class "Qiqi, sit down." In fact, at this time, the child will no longer pay too much attention to his name, but will pay more attention to the task after the name.
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